Skeletal system Flashcards
List 3-5 functions of the skeletal system
Support, protection, movement, shape (blood cell production+mineral storage)
Describe long bones
Act as levers and are pulled by contracting muscle i.e femur
Describe short bones
Equal in length, width and thickness - but are irregularly shaped i.e tarsals+carpals
Describe flat bones
(More curved than flat) They include ribs, scapula, sternum and cranium
Describe sesamoid bones
Small bones embedded within certain tendons i.e patella
Describe elastic (yellow) cartilage
Soft and slightly elastic e.g ear lobe or epligotis
Describe hyaline/articular cartilage
Solid and smooth - protect bones from constant wear and tear of general movement
Describe white-fibro cartilage
Tough and slightly flexible. Acts as a shock absorber e.g in between the vertebrae
What is a ligament
A tough band of fibrous, slightly elastic tissue that connects bone to bone - preventing dislocation
What are tendons
Strong connective tissue that attaches skeletal muscle to bone
What is synovial fluid
Lubricating liquid contained within the joint cavity reducing friction
What is a ball+socket joint?
The head of bone fits into the cavity of another - most range of movement
What is a pivot joint?
A ring of bone sits on the top of a peg of bone e.g neck - rotation is the only move that that takes place here
What is a hinge joint?
Where two or more long bones one together - can only move two ways flexion and extension take place at this joint
