Skeletal System

Question 1

How many bones are in the body?

Answer 1

~206 bones

Question 2

What are the 2 functional divisions?

Answer 2

1. Axial Skeleton

2. Appendicular Skeleton

Question 3

What is Cartilage?

Answer 3

–>Connective tissue that allows flexibility; is a smooth surface for joints

–>Avascular

Question 4

How is cartilage nourished?

Answer 4

By diffusion from nearby arteries and synovial fluid

Question 5

What is a bone made of?

Answer 5

Connective tissue lattice with mineral crystals

Question 6

What are the 5 functions of bones?

Answer 6

1. Support
2. Protect
3. Movement
4. Storage of salts
5. Marrow production

Question 7

What is the fibrous cartilage called that covers bones?

Answer 7

Periosteum

Question 8

What are the 2 types of bones?

Answer 8

1. Compact Bone

2. Spongy Bone

Question 9

Compact Bone

Answer 9

Dense; forms outer layer; usually thin but thicker in weight bearing bones

Question 10

Spongy Bone

Answer 10

Has large spaces divided by trabeculae

–>Inside trabeculae there is a hollow space called the Medullary cavity (contains red & yellow bone marrow) - site of blood & platelet formation

Question 11

5 Bone Shapes

Answer 11

1. Long Bones (ex: femur or humerus)
2. Short Bones (ex: wrist or ankle)
3. Flat Bones (ex: in the skull)
4. Irregular Bones (ex: facial bones)
5. Sesamoid Bones (ex: patella) - found in tendons

Question 12

Diaphysis

Answer 12

Shaft of bone

Question 13

Epiphysis

Answer 13

End of bone

Question 14

Epiphysial Plate

Answer 14

Cartilaginous plate between Diaphysis & Epiphysis

WHERE BONE GROWTH OCCURS (fuses after puberty)

Question 15

Epiphysial Line

Answer 15

What is left after growth stops (visible on x-ray)