Muscle Function and Action Flashcards
Prime Mover
AKA Agonist
-main muscle responsible for movement
Fixator
- stabilizes a body part/holds a joint in place
- isometric contraction
Synergist
- compliments prime mover
- uses concentric contraction
Antagonist
- opposes action of another muscle
- eccentric contraction
Primary Antagonist
-opposes prime mover
Secondary Antagonist
-oppose synergists
Flexion and Extension
- increase/decrease in angle between the bone or body parts
- within the Sagittal plane
- thumb: within the coronal plane
Abduction and Adduction
- frontal (coronal) plane
- movements towards or away from the median plane
- fingers: toward/away from middle finger
- toes: toward/away from second toe
- thumb: in sagittal plane
Circumduction
- distal end moves in a circle
- requires biaxial joint
Medial and Lateral Rotation
AKA External and Internal Rotation
- movement around longitudinal axis of bone
- medial/internal toward body
- lateral/external away from body
Supination and Pronation
- movements of the hand and forearm
- anatomical position=hand supinated (think bowl of soup)
Radial and Ulnar Deviation
- movement of the wrist
- radial deviation=thumb away from body (Abd)
- ulnar deviation=pinky toward body (Add)
Inversion and Eversion
- movements of the foot
- eversion=foot away from midline (outside of foot up)
- inversion=foot toward midline (inside of foot up)
Dorisflexion and Plantarflexion
- foot and ankle
- dorsiflexion=toes up
- plantarflexion=toes down
Elevation and Depression
-scapular movement up and down
Protraction and Retraction
- scapular movement
- protraction=abduction away from the spine
- retraction=adduction toward spine
Upward and Downward Rotation
-tilting of Glenoid Fossa of scapula
What innervates skeletal muscle?
Motor nerves
True or False: Nerve supply is variable
False
Finish the sentence: When a nerve pierces a muscle…
It usually supplies that muscle
Finish the sentence: Muscles of similar action…
Often are innvervated by the same nerve
True or False: Blood supply to muscle is variable
True. Muscles are usually supplied by multiple arteries
Finish the sentence: Arteries generally supply the muscles…
They come in contact with.
