Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physical Education > Skeletal System > Flashcards

Skeletal System Flashcards

0
Q

Explain the function of protection

A

To protect vital organs and soft tissues from being damaged easily
- ribs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

5 functions of the skeleton

A 
Protection
Support
Blood production
Movement
Shape
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Explain the function of support

A

To keep the body upright and act as a frame for muscles to attach to and hold organs in place.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Explain the function of blood production

A

RBCs are produced to carry oxygen while WBCs fight off pathogens. Blood production is only found in the bone marrow of larger bones
- femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Explain the function of movement

A

Muscles are attached to bones which move when muscles contract and relax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Explain the function of shape

A

Determines the height and body size

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

4 types of bone

A

Long bone
Short bone
Irregular bone
Flat bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Characteristics and role in sport of long bones

A
  • long and affect our overall height
  • act as levers
  • longer than wide
  • femur

Movement- to generate strength and speed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Characteristics and role in sport of short bones

A
  • light and strong and are often located next to other short bones
  • meta tarsals and meta carpals

Shock absorption- spreading the load

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Characteristics and role in sport of irregular bones

A
  • irregular in shape and have a specific function
  • vertebrae, scapula, patella

Provides shape, protection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Characteristics and role in sport of flat bones

A
  • these are flat and are often found forming a protective surface
  • cranium, ribs

Protection, attachment of muscles to help movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is a joint?

A

A structure in the human body at which two parts of the skeleton are fitted together.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

3 types of joint

A

Fixed/immovable joint
Slightly moveable joint
Synovial joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Define fixed/immoveable joint

A

Allow no movement at all

  • plates of bone that form the cranium
  • held together by tough fibres
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Define slightly moveable joint

A

Joints that allow small amounts of movement

- joints between vertebrae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Define synovial joint

A

Allow a wide range of movement

  • hip, shoulder, knee
  • majority of joints are synovial
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Components of a synovial joint and their functions

A

Synovial fluid- lubricates the joint
Joint capsule- holds the bones together and protects the synovial membrane
Synovial membrane- holds and produces synovial fluid
Ligament- joins bone to bone and stabilises a joint
Cartilage- reduces friction and acts as a shock absorber
Tendon- joins muscle to bone and enables movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

6 types of synovial joints, an example and types of movement possible at the type of joint

A 
Ball and socket
- extension, flexion, abduction, adduction, rotation, 
- shoulder and hip
Hinge joint
- flexion and extension
- elbow and knee
Pivot joint
- rotation, flexion, extension
- neck
Condyloid joint
- flexion, extension, abduction, adduction
- wrist
Saddle joint
- flexion, extension
- thumb
Gliding joint
- gliding along the surfaces of two flat bones that are held together by ligaments
- wrist, ankle
18
Q

The 5 vertebral sections and their functions

A 
Cervical- 7
- smallest vertebrae
- top vertebra (atlas) allows nodding
- second vertebra (axis) allows rotation
Thoracic- 12
- where ribs are attached
- limited range of movement
Lumbar- 5
- largest vertebrae
- prone to injury
Sacrum- 5
- fused together
- acts as a base to transmit force from legs to upper body
Coccyx- 4
- fused together
Discs- between vertebrae that act as shock absorbers
19
Q

Scientific name for collar bone

A

Clavicle

20
Q

Scientific name for breast bone

A

Sternum

21
Q

Scientific name for back bone

A

Spine

22
Q

Scientific name for shoulder blade

A

Scapula

23
Q

Scientific name for knee cap

A

Patella

24
Q

Define extension

A

Straightening of limbs at a joint

25
Q

Define flexion

A

Bending of limbs at a joint

26
Q

Define abduction

A

Movement away from the mid line of the body

27
Q

Define adduction

A

Movement towards the mid line of the body

28
Q

Define rotation

A

A circular movement around a fixed point

29
Q

6 types of synovial joints

A

Gliding, hinge, pivot, saddle, condyloid and ball and socket

30
Q

Hinge joint example

A

Elbow, knee

31
Q

Hinge joint movements

A

Flexion and extension

32
Q

Gliding joint example

A

Inter carpal/tarsal joints, metacarpals, metatarsals

33
Q

Gliding joint movements

A

Gliding movements

34
Q

Pivot joint example

A

Atlas and axis bones- top of spine,

35
Q

Pivot joint movements

A

Rotation- one around the other

36
Q

Condyloid joint example

A

Wrist

37
Q

Condyloid joint movements

A

Flexion, extension, adduction, abduction

38
Q

Saddle joint example

A

Thumb

39
Q

Saddle joint movements

A

Flexion, extension, adduction, abduction

40
Q

Ball and socket joint examples

A

Shoulder, hip

41
Q

Ball and socket movements

A

Flexion, extension, adduction, abduction and rotation

42
Q

Ligaments

A

Connect bone to bone

43
Q

Tendons

A

Connect muscle to bone

Physical Education (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions