Skeletal System

Question 0

Cardiac muscles

Answer 0

Heart-have a branch like structure (striated appearance) involuntary muscle

Question 1

Skeletal muscles are controlled by?

Answer 1

Somatic nervous system (can be consciously controlled -voluntary muscles)

Question 2

Smooth muscle

Answer 2

Oesophagus, in-voluntary + non striated slow contraction digestion

Question 3

Myofibril

Answer 3

Made up of a series of contractile units known as sarcomeres

Question 4

Thin myofilaments

Answer 4

Actin

Question 5

Thick myofilaments

Answer 5

Myosin

Question 6

Contraction of muscle

Answer 6

Thick and thin myofilaments slide towards each other shortening sarcomere

Question 7

Isotonic contraction

Answer 7

Muscle shortens and produces movement (same tension decreased length)

Question 8

Isometric contraction

Answer 8

Does not always produce movement (same length increased tension)

Question 9

Osteoblasts

Answer 9

Produce new bone; secrete osteoid and responsible for mineral disposition

Question 10

Osteocytes

Answer 10

Mature bone cells; located in lacunae (nests) within the bone. Maintain the matrix

Question 11

Osteoclasts

Answer 11

Remove mineral from the matrix, responsible for bone remodelling

Question 12

Osteogenic stem cells

Answer 12

Found in periostem and endosteum. Develop into osteoblasts

Question 13

Bone marrow is found where?

Answer 13

In the spaces between trabeculae of spongy bone and medullary cavities of long bones

Question 14

Red bone marrow

Answer 14

Myeloid tissue (haemopoietic)

Question 15

Yellow bone marrow

Answer 15

Fatty tissue that no longer produces blood (can transform back in severe anaemia)

Question 16

The shoulder joint

Answer 16

Permits flexation, extension, abduction, adduction, circumduction and rotation

Question 17

Epiphysis

Answer 17

Each end of a long bone

Question 18

An example of a short bone in

Answer 18

Carpals (wrist)

Question 19

Irregular bones include

Answer 19

Vertebrae and some skull bones

Question 20

Flat bones include

Answer 20

Sternum, ribs and most skull bones

Question 21

The patella is

Answer 21

Knee cap a sesamoid bone

Question 22

An example of a long bone is

Answer 22

Femur

Question 23

What is a suture?

Answer 23

An immovable joint e.g between the bones of the skull

Question 24

What is a fossa or fossae?

Answer 24

A hollow depression