Nervous System

Question 0

What are the two main devisions of the nervous system?

Answer 0

Central (brain and spine) Peripheral (neurones)

Question 1

What are the 2 divisions of the peripheral nervous system?

Answer 1

Sensory division (afferent) & Motor division (efferent)

Question 2

Sensory division

Answer 2

Sends information to the CNS through sensory neurones

Question 3

Motor division

Answer 3

Taken information from the CNS to the target cells through efferent neurones

Question 4

Autonomic nervous system can be divided into

Answer 4

Sympathetic and parasympathetic

Question 5

The motor division can be further divided into

Answer 5

Somatic and autonomic

Question 6

Somatic

Answer 6

Controls voluntary movement

Question 7

Autonomic

Answer 7

Controls involuntary responses

Question 8

Sympathetic “fight or flight” responses are?

Answer 8

Increased heart rate, increased blood pressure, increased blood flow to muscle, inhibits GI peristalsis, bronchial dilation, pupil dilation

Question 9

In the SNS pre ganglionic neurones are

Answer 9

Short

Question 10

Parasympathetic “rest and digest” responses are

Answer 10

Decreased heart rate, increased gut motility, bronchial construction, pupil constriction, gastric acid secretion

Question 11

In the PSN the pre ganglionic neurones are?

Answer 11

Long

Question 12

Sympathetic neurotransmitters are?

Answer 12

Noradrenaline and adrenaline

Question 13

Parasympathetic neurotransmitters are

Answer 13

Acetylcholine

Question 14

Ach

Answer 14

Released by pre ganglionic neurones of both symp and parasymp NS

Question 15

Nor

Answer 15

Released by symp post ganglionic neurones

Question 16

Adrenal gland is

Answer 16

Derived from neural tissue, secretes mainly Ad but also some Nor (ratio 4:1) stimulated by symp NS

Question 17

The presynaptic neurone releases

Answer 17

Neurotransmitters

Question 18

Vesicles

Answer 18

Contain/release transmitter

Question 19

Receptors

Answer 19

Bind transmitter

Question 20

What is a nerve?

Answer 20

A bundle of axons carrying info from the CNS to the rest of the body or from the rest of the body to the CNS

Question 21

Cranial nerves

Answer 21

12 pairs arise from the brain

Question 22

Spinal nerves

Answer 22

31 pairs arise from the spinal cord

Question 23

How many lobes does the brain have?

Answer 23

4

Question 24

Frontal lobe

Answer 24

Motor cortex-intellect, planning, mood, social judgement

Question 25

Parietal lobe

Answer 25

Somatosensory cortex- general sensation & taste

Question 26

Temporal lobe

Answer 26

Auditory cortex

Question 27

Occipital lobe

Answer 27

Visual cortex

Question 28

Precentral gurus

Answer 28

Primary motor cortex

Question 29

Post central gurus

Answer 29

Primary sensory cortex

Question 30

What are the 3 membranes protecting the brain (meninges)

Answer 30

Dura mater (outer) Arachnoid mater (middle) and Pia mater (inner)

Question 31

Subarachnoid space

Answer 31

Between Pia and arachnoid mater contains cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

Question 32

How many cervical nerves are there?

Answer 32

8

Question 33

How many thoracic?

Answer 33

12

Question 34

How many lumbar?

Answer 34

5

Question 35

How many sacral?

Answer 35

5

Question 36

Hypothalamus

Answer 36

Area of the brain-forms the walls and floor of third ventricle, regulating function, closely related to the pituitary gland produces releasing hormones

Question 37

Choroid plexus

Answer 37

Part of the arachnoid layer produces CSF

Question 38

Cerebellum

Answer 38

Balance and posture

Question 39

Nociceptors

Answer 39

Are sensitive to the chemical substances releases by damaged cells or tissues

Question 40

What is the pathway for the transfer of sensory information from the Nociceptor to the brain?

Answer 40

Nociceptor-dorsal horn of spinal cord-spinothalamic tract-ventral posterior lateral nucleus in the thalamus-sensory cortex

Question 41

In the sensory pathway 1o neurones have a

Answer 41

Receptor in the periphery, cell body in the dorsal root ganglion or sensory ganglion in the head