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Gcse Pe > Skeletal System > Flashcards

Skeletal System Flashcards

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1
Q

Name six functions of skeletal system

A

Support
Posture
Protection
Movement
Making red blood cells
Mineral storage

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2
Q

What does support do for the body

A

Supports the soft tissue like skin and muscle

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3
Q

What does posture do for our body

A

Gives the skeleton the correct shape

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4
Q

What is protection in the skeleton

A

Bones protect vital organs

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5
Q

What is movement in the skeletal system

A

Muscles attached to the bones can move bones at joints

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6
Q

How is the skeleton used for making red blood cells

A

Bones contain bone marrow which have red blood cells in them

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7
Q

What minerals do bones store

A

Calcium, phosphorus

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8
Q

What does a ligament do

A

Holds bones together to restict how much joints can move

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9
Q

What do tendons do

A

Attach muscles to bones

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10
Q

What does cartilage do

A

Acts as cushion between bones

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11
Q

Hinge joint allows movement in

A

2 directions

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12
Q

What movement do ball and socket have

A

All directions

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13
Q

What are synovial joints

A

A joint that allows a wide range of movement and has a joint capsule enclosing it

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14
Q

Structure of a synovial joint (3)

A

1 end of bones covered in cartilage
2 synovial fluid in joint capsule
3 connected by ligaments

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15
Q

What r the 6 types of joint movement

A

Flexion
Extension
Rotation
Circumduction
Abduction
Adduction

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16
Q

Main function of deltoids

A

Flexion
Extension
Abduction
Circumduction
At the shoulder

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17
Q

Main function f the trapezius

A

Extention at the neck

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18
Q

Main function of the abdominal

A

Flexion at the waist

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19
Q

Main function of the triceps

A

Extentions at the elbow

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20
Q

Main function of latissimus dorsi

A

Extention
Adduction
Rotation
At the shoulder

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21
Q

Main function of the hamstrings

A

Flexion at the knee

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22
Q

Main function of the gastronemeus

A

Pointing foot downwards

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23
Q

Main function of the gluteals

A

Extention
Rotation
Abduction
At the hip

24
Q

Main function of the quadriceps

A

Extention at the knee

25
Q

Main function of the biceps

A

Flexion at the elbow

26
Q

Main function of the pectorals

A

Adduction and flexion horizontally at the shoulder

27
Q

What are antagonist muscle pairs

A

Pairs of muscles that work against each other

28
Q

What is the relaxing muscle called

A

Antagonist

29
Q

What’s the contracting muscle called

A

Agonist

30
Q

What is the antagonist pair in elbow. What kind of joint move is it

A

Flexion-agonist-biceps
Antagonist-triceps
Extention-agonist-triceps
Antagonist-biceps

31
Q

Antagonistic pair in the knee. What type of joint movement

A

Flexion - agonist - hamstrings
Flexion - antagonist - quadriceps

Extention - agonist - quadriceps
Extention - antagonist - hamstrings

32
Q

Antagonistic pair in the shoulder

A

Flexion - agonist - front of detoid
Flexion - antagonist - back of deltoid
Extention - agonist - back of deltoids
Extension- antagonist - front of deltoids

Adduction- agonist - latissimus Dorsi
Abduction- agonist - middle of deltoid

33
Q

What to muscles need to move

A

Oxygen

34
Q

How is oxygen carried to the muscles

A

Blood being pumped around the body

35
Q

What is lever

A

a rigid bar that moves about a fixed point when force is applied to it

36
Q

The lever arm is

A

Bone / body part being moved about a point
The straight line

37
Q

The fulcrum is

A

Joint where the lever pivots
The triangle

38
Q

The effort is

A

The force applied by the muscles to the lever
The arrow

39
Q

The load is

A

The resistance against the pull of the muscles on the lever arm
The square

40
Q

What happens if a lever has mechanical advantage

A

It can carry a larger load with a smaller effort

41
Q

Mechanical advantage =

A

Effort arm ÷ load arm

42
Q

In a first class lever

A

The fulcrum in the middle

43
Q

In a second class lever

A

Load is in the middle

44
Q

In a third class lever

A

Efforts in the middle

45
Q

The rhyme

A

1 F neck sometimes
2 L ankle always
3 E knee never

46
Q

What do plane and axis describe

A

Direction of movement + movement around a point

47
Q

Sagittal plane

A

Divides into left and right

48
Q

Frontal plane

A

Divides body front to back

49
Q

Transverse plane

A

Divides into top and bottom

50
Q

Longitudinal axis

A

Runs through top to bottom

51
Q

Frontal axis

A

Runs through front to back

52
Q

Transverse axis

A

Runs through left to right

53
Q

Flexion and extention =

A

Sagittal
Transverse

54
Q

Abduction/ Adduction =

A

Frontal + frontal

55
Q

Rotation =

A

Transverse + longitudinal

Gcse Pe (6 decks)

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