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Anaphy > Skeletal System > Flashcards

Skeletal System Flashcards

1
Q

How many bones are there in the adults

A

206 bones

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2
Q

How many bones are there in the baby

A

350 bones

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3
Q

What are the two divisions of the skeletal system

A

The axial skeleton and appendicular skeleton

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4
Q

How many bones are there in the axial skeleton

A

80 bones

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5
Q

How many bones are there in the appendicular skeleton

A

126 bones

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6
Q

This includes the spine skull sternum thorax and ribs

A

Axial skeleton

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7
Q

Connects 2 bones together

A

Ligaments

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8
Q

Fibrous connective tissues

A

Ligaments

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9
Q

Shoulder, pectoral girdle rms, legs, feet, pelvic girdle

A

Appendicular skeleton

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10
Q

Bones are made up of

A

50% water** and **50% solid calcified osseous tissue

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11
Q

Responsible for bone formation and mineralization

A

Osteoblasts and Osteocytes

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12
Q

Bome forming cells

A

Osteoblasts

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13
Q

Matured bone cells

A

Osteocytes

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14
Q

Involved in the resorption of bone tissue.

A

Osteoclasts

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15
Q

Breaking down of bone tissue s or demineralised

A

Osteoclasts

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16
Q

Functions of Bones

A

Shape, support, and framework** for the body.
- Protection of internal organs.
- Storage of minerals (calcium, phosphorus, salts).
- Hematopoiesis (formation of blood cells in bone marrow).
- Movement by attaching to muscles and forming joints.

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17
Q

formation of blood cells in bone marrow

A

Hematopoiesis

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18
Q

attaching to muscles and forming joints

A

Movement

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19
Q

Replaces unhealthy marrow with healthy marrow (used in conditions like leukemia, aplastic anemia, sickle cell anemia

A

Bome Marrow transplant BMT

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20
Q
  • Femur (thigh bone).
    • Tibia (larger shin bone).
    • Fibula (smaller shin bone).
    • Humerus (upper arm).
    • Radius (larger forearm bone).
    • Ulna (smaller forearm bone)
A

Long bones

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21
Q

Long bones

A
  • Femur (thigh bone).
    • Tibia (larger shin bone).
    • Fibula (smaller shin bone).
    • Humerus (upper arm).
    • Radius (larger forearm bone).
    • Ulna (smaller forearm bone)
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22
Q

Short bones

A

Carpal and tarsal

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23
Q

Carpal and tarsal

A

Short bones

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24
Q

Skull.
Sternum (breastbone).
Ribs.
Scapula (shoulder blade)

A

Flat Bones

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25
Q

Frontal bones are divided by

A

Coronal suture

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26
Q

Occipital and 2 parietal are divided by

A

Lambdoid

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27
Q

Frontal and parietal are divided by

A

Coronal suture

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28
Q

2 parietal are divided by

A

Sagital suture

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29
Q

It is the diamond shaped suture that closes within 12-18months

A

Anterior Fontanelle

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30
Q

Triangular shaped suture that closes within 2 -3 months

A

Posterior Fontanelle

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31
Q

Odd bones that include Vertebrae** (spinal bones).
- **Pelvic bones*

A

Irregular bones

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32
Q

Growing end of the bone. It determines your height

A

Epiphysis

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33
Q

Shaft of the bone it is the longest part

A

Diaphysis

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34
Q

Outer covering of the bone, line of blood vessels

A

Periosteum

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35
Q

INNER SPACE containing bone marrow

A

Medullary cavity

36
Q

INNER LINING of the medullary cavity.

A

endosteum

37
Q

Dense connective tissue** that cushions joints, smooths bone surfaces at joints, and provides shape and support to other body tissues

A

Cartilage

38
Q

Fibrous connective tissue** that connects bones at joints

A

Ligaments

39
Q

Connect muscle to bone, transmitting the force of muscle contraction.

A

Tendons

40
Q

Is a place where two or more bones connects or meet

A

Joint

41
Q

No movement (e.g., cranial sutures).

A

Synarthrosis

42
Q

Slight movement (e.g., vertebrae).

A

Amphiarthrosis

43
Q

Free movement (e.g., knee, hip, elbow).

A

Diarthrosis

44
Q

Is the longest heaviest and strongest human bone

A

Femur

45
Q

Bending a limb.

A

Flexion

46
Q

Straightening a flexed limb.

A

Extension

47
Q

Moving away from the midline.

A

Abduction

48
Q

Moving toward the midline.

A

Adduction

49
Q

Moving in a circular motion.

A

Circumduction

50
Q

Turning the palm or foot upward.

A

Supination

51
Q

Turning the palm downward.

A

Pronation

52
Q

Bending backward.

A

Dorsiflexion

53
Q

Moving forward

A

Protraction

54
Q

Moving backward.

A

Retraction

55
Q

Comprised of vertebrae arranged in four spinal curves for strength and balance:

A

The vertebral column

56
Q

A curve has more strength than a straight line so it can support the weight of the body and provide the balance needed to walk

A

The vertebral column

57
Q

Cervical curve

A

7 vertebrae

58
Q

12 vertebrae

A

Thoracic curve

59
Q

5 vertebrae.

A

Lumbar Curve

60
Q

Sacrum and coccyx (tailbone).

A

Sacral curve

61
Q

Funnel-shaped, heavier and stronger.

A

Male pelvis

62
Q

Oval to round, wider.

A

Female pelvis

63
Q

Types of pelvises

A

Gynecoid**, Android, Anthropoid, **Platypelloid*

64
Q

When the baby’s head is too large or the mother’s pelvis is too small for a natural birth.

A

Cephalopelvic Disproportion (CPD)

65
Q

Breaks in the continuity of the bone

A

Fractures

66
Q

bone penetrates skin formerly referred as compound

A

Open

67
Q

bone does not penetrate skin). Also referred as simple

A

Close

68
Q

Bone frays, hard to repair, breaks like a green twig

A

Greenstick

69
Q

How do you treat bone fractures

A

By reduction and immobilization

70
Q

Why is there a curvature

A

For balance of the body

71
Q

Bone Repair Process**:

A

Hematoma Formation.>. Callus Formation>. Callus Ossification>. Bone Remodeling

72
Q

Displacement of bones at a joint

A

Dislocation

73
Q

Injury to a ligament caused by tearing fibers.

A

Sprain

74
Q

Inflammation of a tendon due to overuse or injury.

A

Tendinitis

75
Q

Age-related loss of bone mass/density.

A

Osteoporosis

76
Q

Inflammation or swelling of one or more joints.

A

Arthritis

77
Q

Softening and weakening of bones in children due to vitamin D deficiency. Called osteomalacia in adults.

A

Rickets

78
Q

Birth defect involving incomplete development of the spinal cord or coverings.

A

Spina Bifida

79
Q

What forms the pelvic basin

A

Bones,sacrum and coccyx

80
Q

Is the lower portion of the trunk of the body

A

Pelvis

81
Q

Circular shaped pelvis

A

Gynecoid

82
Q

Heart shaped pelvis

A

Android

83
Q

Horizontally oval shaped pelvis

A

Anthropoid

84
Q

Longitudinal or lateral oval shaped pelvis

A

Platypelloid

85
Q

Longitudinal or lateral oval shaped pelvis

A

Platypelloid

86
Q

Where our height stops growing

A

Epiphysial plate

Anaphy (4 decks)

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