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Skeletal System Flashcards

1
Q

How many bones are there in the adults

A

206 bones

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2
Q

How many bones are there in the baby

A

350 bones

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3
Q

What are the two divisions of the skeletal system

A

The axial skeleton and appendicular skeleton

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4
Q

How many bones are there in the axial skeleton

A

80 bones

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5
Q

How many bones are there in the appendicular skeleton

A

126 bones

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6
Q

This includes the spine skull sternum thorax and ribs

A

Axial skeleton

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7
Q

Connects 2 bones together

A

Ligaments

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8
Q

Fibrous connective tissues

A

Ligaments

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9
Q

Shoulder, pectoral girdle rms, legs, feet, pelvic girdle

A

Appendicular skeleton

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10
Q

Bones are made up of

A

50% water** and **50% solid calcified osseous tissue

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11
Q

Responsible for bone formation and mineralization

A

Osteoblasts and Osteocytes

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12
Q

Bome forming cells

A

Osteoblasts

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13
Q

Matured bone cells

A

Osteocytes

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14
Q

Involved in the resorption of bone tissue.

A

Osteoclasts

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15
Q

Breaking down of bone tissue s or demineralised

A

Osteoclasts

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16
Q

Functions of Bones

A

Shape, support, and framework** for the body.
- Protection of internal organs.
- Storage of minerals (calcium, phosphorus, salts).
- Hematopoiesis (formation of blood cells in bone marrow).
- Movement by attaching to muscles and forming joints.

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17
Q

formation of blood cells in bone marrow

A

Hematopoiesis

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18
Q

attaching to muscles and forming joints

A

Movement

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19
Q

Replaces unhealthy marrow with healthy marrow (used in conditions like leukemia, aplastic anemia, sickle cell anemia

A

Bome Marrow transplant BMT

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20
Q
  • Femur (thigh bone).
    • Tibia (larger shin bone).
    • Fibula (smaller shin bone).
    • Humerus (upper arm).
    • Radius (larger forearm bone).
    • Ulna (smaller forearm bone)
A

Long bones

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21
Q

Long bones

A
  • Femur (thigh bone).
    • Tibia (larger shin bone).
    • Fibula (smaller shin bone).
    • Humerus (upper arm).
    • Radius (larger forearm bone).
    • Ulna (smaller forearm bone)
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22
Q

Short bones

A

Carpal and tarsal

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23
Q

Carpal and tarsal

A

Short bones

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24
Q

Skull.
Sternum (breastbone).
Ribs.
Scapula (shoulder blade)

A

Flat Bones

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25
Frontal bones are divided by
Coronal suture
26
Occipital and 2 parietal are divided by
Lambdoid
27
Frontal and parietal are divided by
Coronal suture
28
2 parietal are divided by
Sagital suture
29
It is the diamond shaped suture that closes within 12-18months
Anterior Fontanelle
30
Triangular shaped suture that closes within 2 -3 months
Posterior Fontanelle
31
Odd bones that include Vertebrae** (spinal bones). - **Pelvic bones*
Irregular bones
32
Growing end of the bone. It determines your height
Epiphysis
33
Shaft of the bone it is the longest part
Diaphysis
34
Outer covering of the bone, line of blood vessels
Periosteum
35
INNER SPACE containing bone marrow
Medullary cavity
36
INNER LINING of the medullary cavity.
endosteum
37
Dense connective tissue** that cushions joints, smooths bone surfaces at joints, and provides shape and support to other body tissues
Cartilage
38
Fibrous connective tissue** that connects bones at joints
Ligaments
39
Connect **muscle to bone**, transmitting the force of muscle contraction.
Tendons
40
Is a place where two or more bones connects or meet
Joint
41
No movement (e.g., cranial sutures).
Synarthrosis
42
Slight movement (e.g., vertebrae).
Amphiarthrosis
43
Free movement (e.g., knee, hip, elbow).
Diarthrosis
44
Is the longest heaviest and strongest human bone
Femur
45
Bending a limb.
Flexion
46
Straightening a flexed limb.
Extension
47
Moving away from the midline.
Abduction
48
Moving toward the midline.
Adduction
49
Moving in a circular motion.
Circumduction
50
Turning the palm or foot upward.
Supination
51
Turning the palm downward.
Pronation
52
Bending backward.
Dorsiflexion
53
Moving forward
Protraction
54
Moving backward.
Retraction
55
Comprised of **vertebrae** arranged in four spinal curves for strength and balance:
The vertebral column
56
A curve has more strength than a straight line so it can support the weight of the body and provide the balance needed to walk
The vertebral column
57
Cervical curve
7 vertebrae
58
12 vertebrae
Thoracic curve
59
5 vertebrae.
Lumbar Curve
60
Sacrum and coccyx (tailbone).
Sacral curve
61
Funnel-shaped, heavier and stronger.
Male pelvis
62
Oval to round, wider.
Female pelvis
63
Types of pelvises
Gynecoid**, **Android**, **Anthropoid**, **Platypelloid*
64
When the baby’s head is too large or the mother's pelvis is too small for a natural birth.
Cephalopelvic Disproportion (CPD)
65
Breaks in the continuity of the bone
Fractures
66
bone penetrates skin formerly referred as compound
Open
67
bone does not penetrate skin). Also referred as simple
Close
68
Bone frays, hard to repair, breaks like a green twig
Greenstick
69
How do you treat bone fractures
By reduction and immobilization
70
Why is there a curvature
For balance of the body
71
Bone Repair Process**:
Hematoma Formation.>. Callus Formation>. Callus Ossification>. Bone Remodeling
72
Displacement of bones at a joint
Dislocation
73
Injury to a ligament caused by tearing fibers.
Sprain
74
Inflammation of a tendon due to overuse or injury.
Tendinitis
75
Age-related loss of bone mass/density.
Osteoporosis
76
Inflammation or swelling of one or more joints.
Arthritis
77
Softening and weakening of bones in children due to vitamin D deficiency. Called **osteomalacia** in adults.
Rickets
78
Birth defect involving incomplete development of the spinal cord or coverings.
Spina Bifida
79
What forms the pelvic basin
Bones,sacrum and coccyx
80
Is the lower portion of the trunk of the body
Pelvis
81
Circular shaped pelvis
Gynecoid
82
Heart shaped pelvis
Android
83
Horizontally oval shaped pelvis
Anthropoid
84
Longitudinal or lateral oval shaped pelvis
Platypelloid
85
Longitudinal or lateral oval shaped pelvis
Platypelloid
86
Where our height stops growing
Epiphysial plate

Anaphy (6 decks)

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