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Anaphy > Muscular System > Flashcards

Muscular System Flashcards

1
Q

make up 42% of body weight, consisting of long, slender cells known as fibers.

A

Muscles

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2
Q

Muscular system consist of longs lenders cells that are known as what

A

Fibers

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3
Q

This connective tissues or fibers that compose the muscles are enclosed by a fibrous sheath

A

Fascia

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4
Q

Are responsible for all types of body movements they contract or shortens and are the machines of the body

A

Muscles

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5
Q

What are the three types of muscle tissues

A

Skeletal smooth and cardiac

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6
Q

Are responsible for movement maintain posture produces heat or maintaining temperature

A

Muscles

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7
Q

What does muscles do when during cold temperature

A

They contract to produce heat

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8
Q

This type of muscle tissue are described as it is close or parallel to each other

A

Skeletal muscle tissue

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9
Q

This type of muscle tissues are described that are filled with woven fibers

A

Smooth muscle tissue

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10
Q

This type of muscle tissue are described as filled with mitochondria

A

Cardiac muscle tissue

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11
Q

It is a muscle that a person can control

A

Voluntary muscle

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12
Q

Movement that a person can control and it is with conscious control

A

Voluntary muscle

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13
Q

It is a muscle that can functions without a person’s control

A

Involuntary muscle

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14
Q

Doesn’t have a conscious control and its examples are the heart the lungs the stomach the livers and the diaphragm

A

Involuntary muscle

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15
Q

voluntary, striated):
- Attached to bones, enabling movement.
- Works in pairs (one muscle contracts, the other relaxes).
- Controlled by the nervous system.

A

Skeletal muscle

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16
Q

(involuntary):
- Found in internal organs (e.g., stomach, intestines).
- Controls movements within the body.

A

Smooth muscle

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17
Q

(involuntary, striated):
- Found only in the heart, responsible for pumping blood.
- Controlled by electrical impulses from the heart’s pacemaker (sinoatrial node).

A

Cardiac muscle

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18
Q

They do not work on isolation

A

Skeletal muscles

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19
Q

It modifies the four speed direction of movement produced by muscle contraction

A

Attaching the muscles to a lever

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20
Q

They act as a flexor

A

Biceps

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21
Q

They act as supports to the flexor or as the extensors

A

Triceps

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22
Q

Skeletal muscles are attached to and move bones by contracting and relaxing in response to voluntary messages from where?

A

Nervous system

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23
Q

It is the long cells that composes the skeletal muscle tissue that have a striated appearance

A

Muscle fibers

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24
Q

Provides skeletal movement control entrances and exits of digestive tract produces heat and support skeletal position to protect soft tissues

A

Skeletal muscles (700)

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25
Q

Support and positions axial skeleton

A

Axial muscle

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26
Q

Support move and brace limbs

A

Appendicular muscle

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27
Q

Harness forces of contraction to perform specific task

A

Tendons, aponeuroses

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28
Q

What provides to the stimulus

A

Nerves

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29
Q

How the muscles make up the bulk of the weight in our body

A

By accumulating 1/3 of the it’s weight

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30
Q

Straight: Elongated long straight

A

Rectus

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31
Q

Largest or big

A

Maximus

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32
Q

Located at the hollow organs

A

Smooth muscle

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33
Q

Located at the temporal bone, helps you squint your eyes

A

Temporalis

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34
Q

Muscles origin and insertion

A

Sterno located at the sternum

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35
Q

What’s the shape of deltoid?

A

Triangular

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36
Q

Fibers run parallel to the muscle’s long axis (most skeletal muscles).

A

Parallel muscles

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37
Q

Fibers spread out like a fan and converge on a common attachment site.

A

Convergent muscles

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38
Q

Fibers form an angle with the tendon, producing more tension

A

Pennate muscles

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39
Q

Surround body openings, acting as valves (e.g., muscles around the mouth orbicularis oris).

A

Circular muscles

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40
Q

muscles flex or extend bones

A

flexor* and extensor

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41
Q

Fibers fan out and converge at a common attachment point.
- Example: Pectoralis major.

A

Convergent muscles**:

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42
Q

Fibers run parallel to the long axis of the muscle.
- Most skeletal muscles fall into this category.
- Examples: Biceps brachii, rectus abdominis.

A

Parallel muscles

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43
Q

Fibers are arranged at an angle to the tendon.
- Unipennate (one side of the tendon), bipennate (both sides), multipennate (multiple tendons).Example: Deltoid (multipennate).

A

Pennate muscles

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44
Q

Fibers are arranged at an angle to the tendon.
- Unipennate (one side of the tendon), bipennate (both sides), multipennate (multiple tendons).

A

Pennate muscles

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45
Q

Fibers are arranged in a circular manner, controlling body openings.
- Example: Orbicularis oris (controls the lips).

A

Circular muscles**

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46
Q

Types of Muscle Contractions

A

Isotonic and isometric

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47
Q

Ability to respond to stimuli.

A

Excitability

48
Q

Ability to contract. When the actin and myosin filament slide across each other

A

Contractility

49
Q

Ability to stretch without damage.

A

Extensibility

50
Q

Ability to return to original shape.

A

Elasticity

51
Q

Muscles can enlarge (hypertrophy) or shrink (atrophy) based on use

A

Adaptability

52
Q

Is attained due to a muscle moving or an attached bone

A

Movement

53
Q

IT is the sole fuel to muscle contractions

A

Atp or Adenosine Triphosphate

54
Q

Attachment to an immovable bone

A

Origin

55
Q

Attachment to a movable bone

A

Insertion

56
Q

Muscle shortens, causing movement. Myofilaments are able to slide past each other during contractions

A

Isotonic contractions

57
Q

Muscle tension increases during relaxation without shortening.

A

Isometric contractions

58
Q

5 body movements

A

Adduction abduction rotation flexion extension

59
Q

What are the functions of muscles

A

Produce movement stabilizes the joint maintain posture generate heat communication and respiration

60
Q

The ability to adapt and that it can be change in response to how it is used

A

Adaptability

61
Q

Muscles are attached to at least two points which are

A

The origin and insertion

62
Q

Sense electric shock to the heart of the patient

A

Defibrillator

63
Q

Myofilaments are able to slide past each other during contractions and are able to shorten

A

Isotonic contractions

64
Q

Tension increases in the muscle and is unable to shortens

A

Isometric contractions

65
Q

Even when muscles are not actively moving, some fibers contract to maintain muscle tone.

A

Muscle tone

66
Q

Different fibers contract at different times to provide continuous muscle tone.

A

Involuntary conyrol

67
Q

occurs if muscles are not used or if they are injured, leading to a loss of muscle tone and shrinking.

A

Atrophy

68
Q

occurs if muscles are not used or if they are injured, leading to a loss of muscle tone and shrinking.

A

Atrophy

69
Q
A
  1. Increasing muscle size (hypertrophy).
  2. Increasing muscle strength.
  3. Improving muscle efficiency.
  4. Making muscles more resistant to fatigue.
70
Q

Involuntary muscles found in the walls of hollow organs (e.g., intestines, blood vessels).

A

Smooth muscles

71
Q

This is called as an involuntary muscle because it works automatically rather than under conscious control

A

Smooth muscle

72
Q

Non-striated** and spindle-shaped.
- Functions include moving food through the digestive system and regulating blood flow by controlling blood vessel width.
- Slow, sustained, and tireless contractions.
- Smooth muscles line the stomach, intestines, and bladder.

A

Smooth muscle

73
Q

They are single-nucleated.
- Found in the digestive system and blood vessels.
- Help regulate organ functions without conscious control.

A

Smooth muscles

74
Q

It makes up the walls of the heart and is part of the muscular system and circulatory system

A

Cardiac muscle

75
Q

Involuntary**, striated muscles found only in the heart.
- Myocardium: The thick, muscular layer of the heart wall responsible for heartbeats.
- Controlled by intrinsic electrical impulses from the sinoatrial node (the heart’s natural pacemaker).
- More mitochondria compared to skeletal muscles, allowing continuous energy for heartbeats.
- Intercalated discs connect cardiac muscle cells, ensuring synchronized heartbeats.

A

Cardiac muscle

76
Q

Involuntary**, striated muscles found only in the heart.
- Myocardium: The thick, muscular layer of the heart wall responsible for heartbeats.
- Controlled by intrinsic electrical impulses from the sinoatrial node (the heart’s natural pacemaker).
- More mitochondria compared to skeletal muscles, allowing continuous energy for heartbeats.
- Intercalated discs connect cardiac muscle cells, ensuring synchronized heartbeats.

A

Cardiac muscle

77
Q
  • Striated appearance.
  • Single nucleus per cell.
  • Steady pace due to the heart’s pacemaker.
A

Cardiac muscle

78
Q

Attach muscle to a bone

A

Tendons

79
Q

Fibrous sheath that encloses muscles it protects muscle

A

Fascia

80
Q

Muscle contractions begin when _______________ it send signals

A

The nervous system

81
Q

Where does the signal travel from our nervous system to our body in a single cell

A

Motor Neuron

82
Q

Name of the place where motor neuron reaches a muscle cell

A

Neuromuscular junction

83
Q

Name of the place where motor neuron reaches a muscle cell

A

Neuromuscular junction

84
Q

Fuel to muscle movement and contractions

A

ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE

85
Q

Fuels the signal to send information to the stimulus to the brain

A

Neuro transmitter

86
Q

When a clot in a blood vessel interrupts the blood flow to the brain a muscle does not receive the signal to contract

A

A stroke or cerebrovascular accident

87
Q

Assessing your muscular changes act

A

FAST

88
Q

What does FAST stands for

A

F stands for face
a stands for arms
s stands for speech and
t stands for time

89
Q

Also known as oculomotor

A

Extrinsic eye muscle

90
Q

Originate on the surface of the orbit and controls the position of the eye

A

Oculomotor muscles or extensic eye muscles

91
Q

Clenching or grinding of teeth during sleeping

A

Beaxism

92
Q

Where does the muscle of mastication move the mandible

A

Temporo-mandibular joint or tmj

93
Q

It is the strongest jaw muscle

A

Masseter

94
Q

Assist in elevating the mandible by clenching the teeth while resting the hand on the side of the face below and then above the zygomatic arch

A

Temporalis

95
Q

As various combinations can elevate depress protract the mandible or slide it from side to side

A

Pterygoid

96
Q

Strongest jaw muscle.

A

Masseter

97
Q

Elevates the mandible (jaw).

A

Temporalis

98
Q

Elevates the mandible (jaw).

A

Temporalis

99
Q

Assist in jaw movement (side to side).

A

Pterygoid

100
Q

What are the muscle of inspiration in respiration

A

Diaphragm,external intercostal, pectoralis minor and scalene

101
Q

What are the muscle of expiration in respiration

A

Internal intercostal and transverse thoracics

102
Q

What are the muscles in the pelvic floor

A

Bulbospongiosus, levator ani, ischiocavernosus, superficial transverse and coccygeus

103
Q

Also referred as the central tendon in the perineum

A

Perineal body

104
Q

Is a fire draw muscular structure located at the middle of the perineum

A

Perineal body

105
Q

Nasa allow us to move but sometimes the wear and tear that comes from moving our bodies can lead to disorders of the muscular system

A

Muscular system pathologies: common disorders and conditions

106
Q

Caused by overstretching or tearing of muscle fibers.

A

Strains

107
Q

A stream muscle or cold muscle is a painful injury that may happen when muscles are overwork or stretched too much or too quickly

A

Strains

108
Q

Overuse of tendons may lead to painful swelling and irritation

A

Tendonitis

109
Q

is a strong, uncontrolled muscle contraction.

A

muscle cramp

110
Q

Is also called median nerve compression occurs when tendons become inflamed causing compression of the median nerve

A

Carpal tunnel syndrome

111
Q

Between the carpal ligament which restrains and aligns the tendons that move the hands and fingers

A

Carpal tunnel

112
Q

The decrease in size and wasting of muscle tissues

A

Muscular atrophy

113
Q

It occurs because of the weakening muscles in the lower abdomen

A

Inguinal hernia

114
Q

A bulge occurs in the groin median the aerial between the lower part of the abdomen and tie

A

Inguinal hernia

115
Q

A condition in which increase pressure within the muscle compartment of a leave produces ischemia or blood starvation

A

Compartment syndrome

Anaphy (4 decks)

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