Skeletal system Flashcards
Types of joints
- Ball and socket
- hinge
- pivot
- gliding
- condyloid
- saddle
Location of the B&S joint
Hip and shoulder
Location of the hinge joint
Knee and elbow
Location of the pivot joint
Neck
Location of the gliding joint
Wrist
Location of condyloid joint
Wrist
Location of the saddle joint
Thumb
Structure of a synovial joint
- articular cartilage
- bursa
- ligaments
- pads of fat
- joint capsule
- synovial fluid
- synovial membrane
Functions of a synovial joint
- Prevents friction between bones
- Reduces friction between tendons, ligaments, muscle and bones.
- Connects bone to bone
- Gives a cushion between bone and muscle
- Gives stability of bones
- Lubricants articular cartilage
- Secrets synovial fluid
Describe flexion
When the angle between bones is decreased.
E.g. upward phase of a bicep curl.
Describe extension
When the angle increases between bones.
E.g. downward phase of bicep curl
Describe adduction
Movement towards the body
E.g. lowering the arm towards body
Describe abduction
Movement away from the body
E.g. lifting arms away from body
Describe Dorsi flexion
Foot is raised upwards toward the tibia.
E.g. preparation of a jump shot in basketball
Describe planter flexion
Pointing of the toes, away from tibia
E.g. taking off for high jump
