skeletal system

Question 1

squamous suture connects…

Answer 1

temporal and parietal bones

Question 1

coronal suture connects…

Answer 1

the frontal bone to the parietal bone

Question 2

where is the sutural bone locates?

Answer 2

on the lambdoid suture by the occipital lobe

Question 3

how many bones on the skull have two bones connecting them?

Answer 3

6: the nasal bones, zygomatic bones, temporal bones, maxillary bones, palatine bones, lacrimal bones (NTMZLP)

Question 4

calvaria

Answer 4

the roof of the cranium

Question 5

what is the base of the cranium composed of?

Answer 5

portions of the ethmoid, sphenoid, occipital, and temporal bones

Question 6

parietal eminence

Answer 6

the round/smooth part of the parietal bones

Question 7

external occipital protuberance

Answer 7

the bump at the base of the skull near the occipital lobe

Question 8

what makes up the ethmoid bone?

Answer 8

crista galli and cribriform plate

Question 9

auditory ossicles

Answer 9

stapes, incus, and malleus

Question 10

skeletal system functions

Answer 10

1. protection
2. blood cell formation
3. movement and support
4. fat storage

Question 11

compact bone (aka cortical)

Answer 11

1. 80% of bone mass
2. can resist most stresses placed on it because of its linear compression and twisting forces

Question 12

spongey bone (aka cancellous)

Answer 12

1. 20% of bone mass
2. provides framework of bony struts to resist forces from multiple directions
3. all are lined with endosteum

Question 13

endosteum

Answer 13

thin, outer layer found in the periosteum that lacks fibrous layers

Question 14

medullary canal

Answer 14

1. in all long bones
2. initially it makes rbcs and wbcs but as we get older it fills with fat

Question 15

can cartilage be converted to bone?

Answer 15

yes, but it takes a while because cartilage is avascular and in order for it to be converted into bone, it has to become vascular

Question 16

osteoclasts

Answer 16

irregular, multinucleated cells that help to break down bone in order to retain its shape

Question 17

diaphysis

Answer 17

the shaft of a long bone that is composed of compact bone

Question 18

epiphysis

Answer 18

ends of a long bone that is composed of spongey bone

Question 19

periosteum

Answer 19

covers bones where articular cartilage can’t

Question 20

diploe

Answer 20

spongey bone in flat bone of skyll

Question 21

appendicular skeleton

Answer 21

upper limbs, lower limbs, shoulder and pelvic girdle

Question 21

axial skeleton

Answer 21

skull, spine, rib cage, and hyoid bone

Question 21

condyle

Answer 21

smooth, oval structures

Question 22

FACET

Answer 22

arm has a shallow one for full rom and femur has a deep one for less rom

Question 23

foramen

Answer 23

hole in the bone occipital

Question 24

how many bones are in the cranial vault?

Answer 24

8 bones

Question 25

how many vertebrae are there and their types?

Answer 25

7 cervical membranes, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, and 5 fused sacral (breakfast at 7, lunch at noon, dinner at 5)

Question 26

characteristics of C1 (aka axis)

Answer 26

supports head, articulates with occipital condyles at the atlanto-occipital joint, permits NODDING, lacks body and spinous process

Question 27

characteristics of C2 (aka atlas)

Answer 27

produces DENS (pivots for lateral rotation between atlas and skull), atlantoaxial joint between atlas and axis that shakes your head NO, ONLY ONE W A SUPEROIOR BONE ON IT

Question 28

foramen magnum

Answer 28

giant hole in the base of skull where vertebrae begins

Question 29

thoracic cage characteristics

Answer 29

heart shaped bodies, costal facets, looks like a giraffe

Question 30

lumbar vertebrae characteristics

Answer 30

largest vertebrae, thick and short spinous processes, looke like a moose

Question 31

sacrum characteristics

Answer 31

looks like an upside down triangle, has faramen for spinal nerves to exit, anterior aspect is smooth, posterior aspect is bumpy due to muscle attachment

Question 32

true ribs

Answer 32

1-7 that go all the way from the vertebrae to the sternum

Question 33

false ribs

Answer 33

8-12 that are connected by costal cartilage but not fully