skeletal system Flashcards
squamous suture connects…
temporal and parietal bones
coronal suture connects…
the frontal bone to the parietal bone
where is the sutural bone locates?
on the lambdoid suture by the occipital lobe
how many bones on the skull have two bones connecting them?
6: the nasal bones, zygomatic bones, temporal bones, maxillary bones, palatine bones, lacrimal bones (NTMZLP)
calvaria
the roof of the cranium
what is the base of the cranium composed of?
portions of the ethmoid, sphenoid, occipital, and temporal bones
parietal eminence
the round/smooth part of the parietal bones
external occipital protuberance
the bump at the base of the skull near the occipital lobe
what makes up the ethmoid bone?
crista galli and cribriform plate
auditory ossicles
stapes, incus, and malleus
skeletal system functions
- protection
- blood cell formation
- movement and support
- fat storage
compact bone (aka cortical)
- 80% of bone mass
- can resist most stresses placed on it because of its linear compression and twisting forces
spongey bone (aka cancellous)
- 20% of bone mass
- provides framework of bony struts to resist forces from multiple directions
- all are lined with endosteum
endosteum
thin, outer layer found in the periosteum that lacks fibrous layers
medullary canal
- in all long bones
- initially it makes rbcs and wbcs but as we get older it fills with fat
can cartilage be converted to bone?
yes, but it takes a while because cartilage is avascular and in order for it to be converted into bone, it has to become vascular
osteoclasts
irregular, multinucleated cells that help to break down bone in order to retain its shape
diaphysis
the shaft of a long bone that is composed of compact bone
epiphysis
ends of a long bone that is composed of spongey bone
periosteum
covers bones where articular cartilage can’t
diploe
spongey bone in flat bone of skyll
appendicular skeleton
upper limbs, lower limbs, shoulder and pelvic girdle
axial skeleton
skull, spine, rib cage, and hyoid bone
condyle
smooth, oval structures
