SKELETAL SYSTEM

Question 1

a connective tissue in the bones that produces red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets

Answer 1

red bone marrow

Question 2

structure of the bone that is the shaft or body

Answer 2

diaphysis

Question 3

structure of the bone that are the proximal and distal ends of the bone

Answer 3

epiphyses/epephysis

Question 4

structure of the bone that are the regions between the diaphysis and the epiphysis

Answer 4

metaphysis

Question 5

structure of the bone that is a thin layer of hyaline cartilage covering the part of the epiphysis where the bone forms an articulation with another bone; reduces friction during movement

Answer 5

articular cartilage

Question 6

structure of the bone that is a connective tissue surrounding the diaphysis; contains nociceptors(detects pain)

Answer 6

periosteum

Question 7

structure of the bone that is a hollow space within the diaphysis which contains the yellow bone marrow

Answer 7

medullary cavity

Question 8

structure of the bone that is a thin membrane lining the medullary cavity

Answer 8

endosteum

Question 9

type of bone cell that are the only bone cells to undergo cell division;

Answer 9

osteoprogenitor cells

Question 10

type of bone cell that is a bone-buiding cell that secrete extracellular matrix

Answer 10

osteoblasts

Question 11

type of bone cell that are mature bone cells

Answer 11

osteocytes

Question 12

type of bone cell that destroys bones and cause them to release calcium

Answer 12

osteoclasts

Question 13

bone tissue that provide protection and support

Answer 13

compact bone tissue

Question 14

trabecullar/cancellous bone tissue that is always located at the interior of the bone; is lightweight; provide tissue support

Answer 14

spongy bone

Question 15

small arteries that enter the diaphysis through the Volkmann’s cannals

Answer 15

Periosteal arteries

Question 16

a large artery that enters the center of the diaphysis through a nutrient foramen

Answer 16

Nutrient artery

Question 17

no. of bones in the skeletal system

Answer 17

206 bones

Question 18

principal division that consists of the bones that lie on the medial longitudinal axis of the human body

Answer 18

axial

Question 19

principal division that consists of the bones of the upper and lower extremities(limbs) and the bones forming the girdles(pelvic girdles and shoulder girdles) that connect the limbs to the axial skeleton; primarily concerned with movement

Answer 19

appendicular

Question 20

type of bone that is greater in length than width and is often slightly curved for the purpose of weight bearing

Answer 20

long

Question 21

type of bone that is greater in width than length and is typically cube shaped

Answer 21

Short

Question 22

type of bone that is thin and composed of nearly parallel plates of compact bone enclosing a layer of spongy bone

Answer 22

Flat

Question 23

type of bone that include complex shapes

Answer 23

Irregular

Question 24

type of bone that vary in number and protect tendons in excessive wear and tear

Answer 24

Sesamoid

Question 25

type of bone that is known as wormian bones; small extra bone plates located within the sutures of the cranial bones

Answer 25

Sutural

Question 26

the only movable bone in the skull through the tempero mandibular joint

Answer 26

mandible

Question 27

these are the union of cranial vaults

Answer 27

sutures

Question 28

bone that supports the tongue by attaching to muscles; "floating bone"; situated at the top of the larynx

Answer 28

hyoid bone

Question 29

this bone is also known as spinal column, backbone, and spine; protects the spinal cord

Answer 29

vertebral column

Question 30

it is a triangular bone that is composed of 5 vertebrae that begin to fuse together between ages 16 and 18

Answer 30

sacrum

Question 31

this bone is triangular in shape and is composed of 4 vertebrae that begin to fuse together between ages 20 and 30

Answer 31

coccyx

Question 32

this bone is flat, located in the center of the anterior thoracic wall; breastbone

Answer 32

sternum

Question 33

the no. of pairs there are in the ribs

Answer 33

12 pairs

Question 34

the no. of true ribs

Answer 34

first 7

Question 35

the no. of false ribs

Answer 35

5

Question 36

the no. of floating ribs

Answer 36

2

Question 37

disorder of the vertebrae that is the lateral bending of the vertebral column

Answer 37

scoliosis

Question 38

disorder of the vertebrae that is an increase in the thoracic curve of the vertebral column that produces a "hunchback" look

Answer 38

kyphosis

Question 39

disorder of the vertebrae that is an increase in the lumbar curve of the vertebral column; sometimes called "hollow back"

Answer 39

lordosis

Question 40

the bone that consists of a clavicle and a scapula

Answer 40

pectoral(shoulder) girdle

Question 41

the longest bone in the upper extremity

Answer 41

humerus

Question 42

bone that is lateral to the tumb; on the lateral aspect of the forearm

Answer 42

radius

Question 43

this bone is located on the medilal aspect of the forearm and is longer than the radius

Answer 43

ulna

Question 44

these are 8 small bones in the carpus joined to one another by ligments

Answer 44

carpals

Question 45

the articulation among carpal bones

Answer 45

intercarpal joints

Question 46

these are found between the bodies of centrum

Answer 46

intervertebral discs

Question 47

the largest sesamoid bone

Answer 47

patella

Question 48

heel bone

Answer 48

calcaneus