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ANPATH1 > SKELETAL SYSTEM > Flashcards

SKELETAL SYSTEM Flashcards

1
Q

a connective tissue in the bones that produces red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets

A

red bone marrow

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2
Q

structure of the bone that is the shaft or body

A

diaphysis

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3
Q

structure of the bone that are the proximal and distal ends of the bone

A

epiphyses/epephysis

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4
Q

structure of the bone that are the regions between the diaphysis and the epiphysis

A

metaphysis

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5
Q

structure of the bone that is a thin layer of hyaline cartilage covering the part of the epiphysis where the bone forms an articulation with another bone; reduces friction during movement

A

articular cartilage

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6
Q

structure of the bone that is a connective tissue surrounding the diaphysis; contains nociceptors(detects pain)

A

periosteum

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7
Q

structure of the bone that is a hollow space within the diaphysis which contains the yellow bone marrow

A

medullary cavity

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8
Q

structure of the bone that is a thin membrane lining the medullary cavity

A

endosteum

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9
Q

type of bone cell that are the only bone cells to undergo cell division;

A

osteoprogenitor cells

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10
Q

type of bone cell that is a bone-buiding cell that secrete extracellular matrix

A

osteoblasts

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11
Q

type of bone cell that are mature bone cells

A

osteocytes

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12
Q

type of bone cell that destroys bones and cause them to release calcium

A

osteoclasts

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13
Q

bone tissue that provide protection and support

A

compact bone tissue

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14
Q

trabecullar/cancellous bone tissue that is always located at the interior of the bone; is lightweight; provide tissue support

A

spongy bone

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15
Q

small arteries that enter the diaphysis through the Volkmann’s cannals

A

Periosteal arteries

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16
Q

a large artery that enters the center of the diaphysis through a nutrient foramen

A

Nutrient artery

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17
Q

no. of bones in the skeletal system

A

206 bones

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18
Q

principal division that consists of the bones that lie on the medial longitudinal axis of the human body

A

axial

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19
Q

principal division that consists of the bones of the upper and lower extremities(limbs) and the bones forming the girdles(pelvic girdles and shoulder girdles) that connect the limbs to the axial skeleton; primarily concerned with movement

A

appendicular

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20
Q

type of bone that is greater in length than width and is often slightly curved for the purpose of weight bearing

A

long

21
Q

type of bone that is greater in width than length and is typically cube shaped

A

Short

22
Q

type of bone that is thin and composed of nearly parallel plates of compact bone enclosing a layer of spongy bone

A

Flat

23
Q

type of bone that include complex shapes

A

Irregular

24
Q

type of bone that vary in number and protect tendons in excessive wear and tear

A

Sesamoid

25
Q

type of bone that is known as wormian bones; small extra bone plates located within the sutures of the cranial bones

A

Sutural

26
Q

the only movable bone in the skull through the tempero mandibular joint

A

mandible

27
Q

these are the union of cranial vaults

A

sutures

28
Q

bone that supports the tongue by attaching to muscles; “floating bone”; situated at the top of the larynx

A

hyoid bone

29
Q

this bone is also known as spinal column, backbone, and spine; protects the spinal cord

A

vertebral column

30
Q

it is a triangular bone that is composed of 5 vertebrae that begin to fuse together between ages 16 and 18

A

sacrum

31
Q

this bone is triangular in shape and is composed of 4 vertebrae that begin to fuse together between ages 20 and 30

A

coccyx

32
Q

this bone is flat, located in the center of the anterior thoracic wall; breastbone

A

sternum

33
Q

the no. of pairs there are in the ribs

A

12 pairs

34
Q

the no. of true ribs

A

first 7

35
Q

the no. of false ribs

A

5

36
Q

the no. of floating ribs

A

2

37
Q

disorder of the vertebrae that is the lateral bending of the vertebral column

A

scoliosis

38
Q

disorder of the vertebrae that is an increase in the thoracic curve of the vertebral column that produces a “hunchback” look

A

kyphosis

39
Q

disorder of the vertebrae that is an increase in the lumbar curve of the vertebral column; sometimes called “hollow back”

A

lordosis

40
Q

the bone that consists of a clavicle and a scapula

A

pectoral(shoulder) girdle

41
Q

the longest bone in the upper extremity

A

humerus

42
Q

bone that is lateral to the tumb; on the lateral aspect of the forearm

A

radius

43
Q

this bone is located on the medilal aspect of the forearm and is longer than the radius

A

ulna

44
Q

these are 8 small bones in the carpus joined to one another by ligments

A

carpals

45
Q

the articulation among carpal bones

A

intercarpal joints

46
Q

these are found between the bodies of centrum

A

intervertebral discs

47
Q

the largest sesamoid bone

A

patella

48
Q

heel bone

A

calcaneus

ANPATH1 (12 decks)

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