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ANPATH1 > GASTROINTESTINAL SYSTEM > Flashcards

GASTROINTESTINAL SYSTEM Flashcards

1
Q

Function of the system: Taking foods and liquid into the mouth

A

INGESTION (EATING)

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2
Q

Function of the system: the walls of the GI tract secrete enzymes into the lumen

A

SECRETION

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3
Q

Function of the system: alternating contractions and relaxations of smooth muscle in the walls of the GI tract mix food and secretions and move them toward the anus

A

MIXING AND PROPULSION

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4
Q

The capability of the GI tract to mix and move material along its length

A

MOTILITY

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5
Q

Function of the system: Mechanical and chemical processes break down ingested food into small molecules

A

DIGESTION

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6
Q

Type of digestion wherein the teeth cut and grind food before it is swallowed, and then smooth muscles of the stomach and small intestine churn the food to further assist the process.

A

MECHANICAL DIGESTION

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7
Q

Type of digestion wherein the large carbohydrate, lipid, protein, and nucleic acid molecules in food are split into smaller molecules by hydrolysis

A

CHEMICAL DIGESTION

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8
Q

Function of the system: The entrance of ingested and secreted fluids, ions, and the products of digestion into the epithelial cells lining the lumen of the GI tract

A

ABSORPTION

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9
Q

Function of the system: Wastes, indigestible substances, bacteria, cells sloughed from the lining of the GI tract, and digested materials that were not absorbed in their journey through the digestive tract leave the body through the anus

A

DEFECATION

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10
Q

The eliminated material in the digestive system

A

FECES/STOOL

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11
Q

Which quadrant is the appendix located at?

A

LOWER RIGHT QUADRANT

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12
Q

This refers to the point on the lower right quadrant of the abdomen at which tenderness is maximal in cases of acute appendicitis.

A

MCBURNEY’S POINT

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13
Q

Organ in the alimentary tract which is the entrance and where the mechanical and chemical digestion begins

A

ORAL CAVITY

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14
Q

Organ in the alimentary tract wherein swallowing occurs and the mechanical movement of food to the esophagus

A

PHARYNX

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15
Q

Organ in the alimentary tract which connects the mouth - stomach

A

ESOPHAGUS

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16
Q

Organ in the alimentary tract that stores, mix, and grind the food and regulates the outflow to the small intestine

A

STOMACH

17
Q

Part of the stomach that serves as a kind of gateway between the stomach and the small intestine

A

PYLORIC SPHINCTER

18
Q

The part of the stomach that is closest to the esophagus

A

CARDIA

19
Q

The upper part of the stomach, which forms a bulge higher than the opening of the esophagus

A

FUNDUS

20
Q

The largest section of your stomach

A

BODY

21
Q

The lower portion of the stomach, where the food mixes with gastric juice.

A

ANTRUM

22
Q

Part of the stomach that connects to the duodenum

A

PYLORUS

23
Q

Section of the small intestine that neutralizes acid in food

A

DUODENUM

24
Q

Section of the small intestine that absorbs nutrients, water, and electrolytes

A

JEJUNUM

25
Q

Section of the small intestine absorbs bile acids and intrinsic factors to be recycled in the body which is necessary to prevent vitamin B12 deficiency

A

ILEUM

26
Q

Organ in the alimentary tract which stores and eliminates indigestible materials as feces

A

LARGE INTESTINE

27
Q

Accessory organ that breaks down food to combine it with saliva

A

TEETH

28
Q

Accessory organ that provides taste sensation by the cranial nerve VII

A

TONGUE

29
Q

Accessory organ that produces saliva

A

SALIVARY GLANDS

30
Q

Accessory organ that regulates serum levels of fats, proteins, and carbohydrates. The bile is produced here.

A

LIVER

31
Q

Accessory organ that stores and releases bile into the duodenum via the hepatic duct when food enters the stomach.

A

GALLBLADDER

32
Q

Accessory organ that contains exocrine and endocrine cells

A

PANCREAS

33
Q

Accessory organ that filters out foreign substances and degenerates blood cells from the bloodstream and stores lymphocytes.

A

SPLEEN

34
Q

which quadrant is the liver placed in

A

RIGHT UPPER

35
Q

Neural innervation of the GI tract that is the “brain of the gut”

A

ENTERIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

ANPATH1 (12 decks)

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