INTRODUCTION TO THE HUMAN BODY

Question 1

The first eight weeks of development after fertilization of a human egg

Answer 1

Embryology

Question 2

Complete development of an individual from fertilization to death

Answer 2

Developmental Anatomy

Question 3

Structures that can be examined without a microscope

Answer 3

Gross Anatomy

Question 4

Structure of specific systems of the body

Answer 4

Systemic Anatomy

Question 5

Specific regions of the body

Answer 5

Regional Anatomy

Question 6

surface markings of the body to understand internal anatomy through visualization and palpation (gentle touch)

Answer 6

Surface Anatomy

Question 7

Body structures that can be visualized with x-rays

Answer 7

Radiographic Anatomy

Question 8

Structural changes associated with disease

Answer 8

Pathological Anatomy

Question 9

The science of body structures and the relationships among them

Answer 9

Anatomy

Question 10

Functional properties of nerve cells

Answer 10

Neurophysiology

Question 11

Hormones and how they control body functions

Answer 11

Endocrinology

Question 12

Functions of the heart and blood vessels

Answer 12

Cardiovascular Physiology

Question 13

the body’s defenses against disease-causing agents

Answer 13

Immunity

Question 14

functions of the air passageways and lungs

Answer 14

Respiratory physiology

Question 15

functions of the kidneys

Answer 15

renal physiology

Question 16

Changes in cell and organ functions due to muscular activity

Answer 16

excercise physiology

Question 17

Functional changes associated with disease and aging

Answer 17

Pathophysiology

Question 18

the science of body functions

Answer 18

physiology

Question 19

very basic level in the structural organization in the human body

Answer 19

chemical level

Question 20

the smallest units of matter that participate in chemical reactions

Answer 20

atoms

Question 21

two or more atoms joined together

Answer 21

molecules

Question 22

the basic structural and functional units of an organism

Answer 22

cell

Question 23

groups of cells and the materials surrounding them that work together to perform a particular function

Answer 23

tissue

Question 24

structures that are composed of two or more different types of tissues

Answer 24

organ

Question 25

tissue that covers body surfaces, lines hollow organs and cavities, and form glands

Answer 25

epithelial tissue

Question 26

tissue that connects, supports, and protects body organs while distributing blood vessels to other tissues

Answer 26

connective tissue

Question 27

tissue that contracts to make body parts move and generates heat

Answer 27

muscular tissue

Question 28

tissue that carries information from one part of the body to another

Answer 28

nervous tissue

Question 29

consists of related organs with a common function

Answer 29

system

Question 30

any living individual

Answer 30

organism

Question 31

system that bones, joins, and associated cartilages; supports and protects the body; provides surface are for muscle attachments; aids body movement; houses cell that produce blood cells; stores minerals and lipids

Answer 31

skeletal system

Question 32

system that contains skin and associated structures; protects the body; helps regulate body temperature; eliminates some waste; helps make vitamin D; detects sensation

Answer 32

integumentary system

Question 33

system that includes skeletal muscle tissue; participates in body movements; maintains posture; produces heat

Answer 33

muscular system

Question 34

system that contains brain, spinal cord, nerves; generates action potentials to regulate body activities; detects changes in body's environments, interprets and responds by causing muscular muscular contractions or glandular secretions

Answer 34

nervous system

Question 35

system that contains hormone producing glands and cells; regulates body activities by releasing hormones

Answer 35

endocrine system

Question 36

these are chemical messengers transported in blood from endocrine gland to target organ

Answer 36

hormones

Question 37

system that contains blood, heart, blood vessels; pumps blood; blood carries oxygen and nutrients

Answer 37

cardiovascular system

Question 38

system that contains Lymphatic fluid and vessels; spleen, thymus, lymph nodes, and tonsils; cells that carry out immune responses (B cells, T cells, and others).

Answer 38

Lymphatic System/Immunity

Question 39

system that contains lungs, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchial tubes; transfer oxygen fro inhaled air to blood and carbon dioxide

Answer 39

respiratory system

Question 40

system that contains the gastrointestinal tract; achieves physical and chemical breakdown of food; absorbs nutrients; eliminates solid waste

Answer 40

digestive system

Question 41

system that contains kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra; produces stores, and eliminates urine; regulates volume and composition of blood; maintain acid-base balance of body fluids

Answer 41

urinary system

Question 42

system that contains gonads produce gametes that unite to form a new organism

Answer 42

reproductive system

Question 43

total no. of systems of the human body

Answer 43

11 systems

Question 44

the process in which all the chemical processes that occur in the body

Answer 44

metabolism

Question 45

the breakdown of complex chemical substances into simpler components

Answer 45

catabolism

Question 46

building up of complex chemical substances from smaller, simpler components

Answer 46

anabolism

Question 47

the body's ability to detect and respond to changes

Answer 47

responsiveness

Question 48

includes motion of the whole body, individual organs, single cells, and even tiny structures inside cells

Answer 48

movement

Question 49

an increase in body size

Answer 49

growth

Question 50

development of a cell from an unspecialized to a specialized state

Answer 50

differentiation

Question 51

precursor cells which can divide and give rise to cells that undergo differentiation

Answer 51

stem cells