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ANPATH1 > INTRODUCTION TO THE HUMAN BODY > Flashcards

INTRODUCTION TO THE HUMAN BODY Flashcards

1
Q

The first eight weeks of development after fertilization of a human egg

A

Embryology

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2
Q

Complete development of an individual from fertilization to death

A

Developmental Anatomy

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3
Q

Structures that can be examined without a microscope

A

Gross Anatomy

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4
Q

Structure of specific systems of the body

A

Systemic Anatomy

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5
Q

Specific regions of the body

A

Regional Anatomy

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6
Q

surface markings of the body to understand internal anatomy through visualization and palpation (gentle touch)

A

Surface Anatomy

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7
Q

Body structures that can be visualized with x-rays

A

Radiographic Anatomy

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8
Q

Structural changes associated with disease

A

Pathological Anatomy

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9
Q

The science of body structures and the relationships among them

A

Anatomy

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10
Q

Functional properties of nerve cells

A

Neurophysiology

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11
Q

Hormones and how they control body functions

A

Endocrinology

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12
Q

Functions of the heart and blood vessels

A

Cardiovascular Physiology

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13
Q

the body’s defenses against disease-causing agents

A

Immunity

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14
Q

functions of the air passageways and lungs

A

Respiratory physiology

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15
Q

functions of the kidneys

A

renal physiology

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16
Q

Changes in cell and organ functions due to muscular activity

A

excercise physiology

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17
Q

Functional changes associated with disease and aging

A

Pathophysiology

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18
Q

the science of body functions

A

physiology

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19
Q

very basic level in the structural organization in the human body

A

chemical level

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20
Q

the smallest units of matter that participate in chemical reactions

A

atoms

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21
Q

two or more atoms joined together

A

molecules

22
Q

the basic structural and functional units of an organism

A

cell

23
Q

groups of cells and the materials surrounding them that work together to perform a particular function

A

tissue

24
Q

structures that are composed of two or more different types of tissues

A

organ

25
Q

tissue that covers body surfaces, lines hollow organs and cavities, and form glands

A

epithelial tissue

26
Q

tissue that connects, supports, and protects body organs while distributing blood vessels to other tissues

A

connective tissue

27
Q

tissue that contracts to make body parts move and generates heat

A

muscular tissue

28
Q

tissue that carries information from one part of the body to another

A

nervous tissue

29
Q

consists of related organs with a common function

A

system

30
Q

any living individual

A

organism

31
Q

system that bones, joins, and associated cartilages; supports and protects the body; provides surface are for muscle attachments; aids body movement; houses cell that produce blood cells; stores minerals and lipids

A

skeletal system

32
Q

system that contains skin and associated structures; protects the body; helps regulate body temperature; eliminates some waste; helps make vitamin D; detects sensation

A

integumentary system

33
Q

system that includes skeletal muscle tissue; participates in body movements; maintains posture; produces heat

A

muscular system

34
Q

system that contains brain, spinal cord, nerves; generates action potentials to regulate body activities; detects changes in body’s environments, interprets and responds by causing muscular muscular contractions or glandular secretions

A

nervous system

35
Q

system that contains hormone producing glands and cells; regulates body activities by releasing hormones

A

endocrine system

36
Q

these are chemical messengers transported in blood from endocrine gland to target organ

A

hormones

37
Q

system that contains blood, heart, blood vessels; pumps blood; blood carries oxygen and nutrients

A

cardiovascular system

38
Q

system that contains Lymphatic fluid and vessels; spleen, thymus, lymph nodes, and tonsils; cells that carry out immune responses (B cells, T cells, and others).

A

Lymphatic System/Immunity

39
Q

system that contains lungs, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchial tubes; transfer oxygen fro inhaled air to blood and carbon dioxide

A

respiratory system

40
Q

system that contains the gastrointestinal tract; achieves physical and chemical breakdown of food; absorbs nutrients; eliminates solid waste

A

digestive system

41
Q

system that contains kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra; produces stores, and eliminates urine; regulates volume and composition of blood; maintain acid-base balance of body fluids

A

urinary system

42
Q

system that contains gonads produce gametes that unite to form a new organism

A

reproductive system

43
Q

total no. of systems of the human body

A

11 systems

44
Q

the process in which all the chemical processes that occur in the body

A

metabolism

45
Q

the breakdown of complex chemical substances into simpler components

A

catabolism

46
Q

building up of complex chemical substances from smaller, simpler components

A

anabolism

47
Q

the body’s ability to detect and respond to changes

A

responsiveness

48
Q

includes motion of the whole body, individual organs, single cells, and even tiny structures inside cells

A

movement

49
Q

an increase in body size

A

growth

50
Q

development of a cell from an unspecialized to a specialized state

A

differentiation

51
Q

precursor cells which can divide and give rise to cells that undergo differentiation

A

stem cells

ANPATH1 (12 decks)

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