Skeletal System

Question 1

5 functions of Skeletal System

Answer 1

• Support: structural framework of the body
• Movement: attachment site for muscles
• Protection of internal organs
• Hemopoiesis: red bone marrow produces blood cells
• Storage of calcium, phosphorus, and fat

Question 2

Yellow bone marrow stores…

Answer 2

Fat

Question 3

ToB: Long

Answer 3

longer than wide

-Ex. Femur, Humerus

Question 4

ToB: Short

Answer 4

Cube-shaped

-Ex. Carpals, Tarsals

Question 5

ToB: Flat

Answer 5

Thin

-Ex. Cranium, ribs, sternum

Question 6

ToB: Irregular

Answer 6

Complex Shapes

-Ex. Vertebrae, Facial Bones

Question 7

ToB: Sesamoid

Answer 7

Completely enclosed within a tendon

-Ex. Patella

Question 8

ToB: Sutural Bones

Answer 8

Small bones located within cranial sutures

-Ex. Joints

Question 9

LB: Disphysis

Answer 9

Long shaft

Question 10

LB: Epiphysis

Answer 10

Ends of bones

-Proximal and distal

Question 11

LB: Metaphysis or epiphyseal plate

Answer 11

Area of cartilage where bones grow in length

Question 12

LB: Articular Cartilage

Answer 12

A thin layer of cartilage covering epiphysis to reduce friction in joints

Question 13

LB: Periosteum

Answer 13

Tough outer covering around the bone

Question 14

LB: Medullary (marrow) Cavity

Answer 14

Hollow inside of the bone

Question 15

LB: Endostem

Answer 15

The membrane which lines the marrow cavity

Question 16

Osteogenic Cells

Answer 16

Unspecialized cells which undergo mitosis become osteoblasts

Question 17

Osteoblasts Cells

Answer 17

Bone-building cells

-(Secrete matrix)

Question 18

Osteocytes Cells

Answer 18

Mature bone cells which maintain bone tissue

Question 19

Osteoclasts Cells

Answer 19

Bone-destroying cells

-Remodeling

Question 20

Compact Bone`

Answer 20

• Looks like a solid, hard layer of bone
• Makes up the shaft of long bones and the external layer of all bones
• Resists stresses produced by weight and movement

Question 21

Osteology

Answer 21

Study of Bones

Question 22

CB: Osteon (Haversian System)

Answer 22

The basic unit of compact bone

Question 23

CB: Haversian (central) Canal

Answer 23

Contains blood vessels and nerves

Question 24

CB: Lamellae

Answer 24

Concentric rings of matric

Question 25

CB: Lacumae

Answer 25

Spaces that contain osteocytes

Question 26

CB: Canaliculi

Answer 26

Canals that link osteocytes and Haversian canal

Question 27

Spongy (Cancellous) Bone

Answer 27

• Composed of trabeculae
• Makes up ends of long bones
• Contain red bone marrow

Question 28

SB: Trabeculae

Answer 28

A lattice of bone with space between that contains red bone marrow

Question 29

Red bone marrow

Answer 29

Produces blood cells

Question 30

Atlas

Answer 30

• 1st cervical vertebrae C1

- Articulates with the occipital condyle of the skull

Question 31

Axis

Answer 31

• 2nd cervical vertebrae C2

- Has a pivot joint (Den)

Question 32

Dens (Odotoid process)

Answer 32

• On the Axis vertebrae

- Rounded knob shape

Question 33

Bifid Spinous Process

Answer 33

• Unique to the cervical vertebrae

- More neck muscles attach

Question 34

Spinous Process

Answer 34

-The part that points at the back

Question 35

Vertebrae count

Answer 35

• 7 cervical vertebrae
• 12 Thoracic Vertebrae
• 5 Lumbar Vertebrae

Question 36

Coccyx

Answer 36

Tail Bone

Question 37

Sacrum

Answer 37

• Bottom of vertebrae

- Fused Vertebrae