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Biomechanics > Skeletal Muscle > Flashcards

Skeletal Muscle Flashcards

1
Q

Skeletal

A

Voluntary control, striated banding, multi nuclei

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2
Q

Smooth

A

Involuntary control, non-striated banding, single nuclei

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3
Q

Cardiac

A

Involuntary control, striated banding, single nuclei

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4
Q

Muscle fiber dimensions

A

10-100 micrometers thick and 1-30 cm long

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5
Q

Surrounds entire muscle

A

Epimysium

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6
Q

Surrounds fasicle

A

Perimysium

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7
Q

Functional unit of contraction

A

Sarcomere

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8
Q

Thick/dark filament in sarcomere

A

Myosin (15 nm)

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9
Q

Thin/light filament in sarcomere

A

Actin (5 nm)

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10
Q

Elastic filaments in sarcomere, bind myosin to z line

A

Titin

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11
Q

Inelastic filaments of sarcomere, twisted around actin

A

Nebulin

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12
Q

Z line

A

On either end of the sarcomere

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13
Q

M line

A

Middle of sarcomere

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14
Q

A band

A

Myosin band, anisotropic

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15
Q

I band

A

Actin band, isotropic

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16
Q

Myofibril

A

Contractile threads in skeletal muscle

17
Q

Irritability

A

Muscle responds to stimulus

18
Q

Distensibility

A

Muscle can be stretched by an outside force

19
Q

Elasticity

A

Muscle resists elongation

20
Q

Concentric contraction

A

Muscle shortens under load

21
Q

Eccentric contraction

A

Muscle lengthens under contraction

22
Q

Isometric contraction

A

Muscle doesn’t lengthen or shorten

23
Q

Agonist

A

Major force in the movement

24
Q

Antagonist

A

Opposes the agonist

25
Q

Synergist

A

Stabilizes joint around which the movement is occurring (insertion)

26
Q

Fixator

A

Stabilizes the origin of the agonist (origin)

27
Q

Maximum force is generated when the max number of ___ are formed

A

Actin-myosin bridges

28
Q

Factors that affect torque output

A

Force, moment arm (attachment site, insertion angle)

29
Q

Muscle attachment

A

Further from the joint is better

30
Q

Muscle insertion angle

A

90 deg is better, but typically less than 45 deg

31
Q

Concentric contraction ___ fibers

A

Shorten

32
Q

Eccentric contraction ___ fibers

A

lengthen

33
Q

Surrounds the muscle fiber

A

Sarcolemma

34
Q

Muscles can conduct an action potential

A

Conductivity

35
Q

Muscles can shorten and produce a tension between its ends

A

Contractibility

36
Q

A muscle can return to its resting properties after contraction

A

Relaxation

37
Q

Opposite of distensibility, muscle resists elongation and returns to its original position after elongation

A

Elasticity

Biomechanics (9 decks)

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