Bone Flashcards by Ellen Shales

Q

External coating of the bone

A

Periosteum

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Q

Internal coating in the bone

A

Endosteum

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Q

Long middle section of bone

A

Diaphysis

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Q

Type of bone that’s rigid and load bearing

A

Compact / cortex

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Q

Ends of long bones

A

Epiphyses

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Q

Inside hollow space of long bones

A

Medullary cavity

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Q

Surface of bones that meet other tissues

A

Articulating surface

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Q

Type of bone in the ends of long bones

A

Cancellous / trabecular

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Q

Transition between diaphysis and epiphysis

A

Metaphysis

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Q

Deposits of ___ in matrix

A

Calcium phosphate

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Q

Osteocytes live in ___

A

Lacunae

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Q

Exchange nutrients and form pathways for blood

A

Canaliculi

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Q

Osteon diameter

A

200 microns

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Q

Functional unit of compact bone

A

Osteon

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Q

Original cells

A

Osteoprogenitor

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Q

Break down bone matrix

A

Osteoclasts

Q

Build bone matrix

A

Osteoblasts

Q

Supervisor cells

A

Osteocytes

Q

Rings of osteons

A

Lamellae

Q

Unmineralized bone matrix

A

Osteoid

Q

ECM is 70% ___

A

Hydroxyapatite

Q

Compact bone turnover

A

5% per year

Q

Spongy / cancellous bone turnover

A

25% per year

Q

Channel running through the center of the osteon

A

Haversian canal

Q

Rings in trabecular bone

A

Lamellae

Q

What does compact bone has that spongy doesn’t

A

Haversian canal

Q

Osteon is surrounded by ___

A

Cement line (weakest point)

Q

Properties depend on loading direction

A

Anisotropic

Q

Stress-strain depend on time and temp

A

Viscoelastic

Q

Tension vs. compression gives a different result

A

Asymmetry

Q

Bone is strongest in ___ loading

A

Compression - tension - shear

Q

Bone is stiffer and stronger at

A

Higher strain rates

Q

Wolff’s law

A

Form follows function, unused tissue degrades

Q

___ differentiate into osteoblasts

A

Mesenchymal stem cells

Q

Degradation of tissue around an implant

A

Stress shielding