Bone Flashcards

1
Q

External coating of the bone

A

Periosteum

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2
Q

Internal coating in the bone

A

Endosteum

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3
Q

Long middle section of bone

A

Diaphysis

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4
Q

Type of bone that’s rigid and load bearing

A

Compact / cortex

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5
Q

Ends of long bones

A

Epiphyses

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6
Q

Inside hollow space of long bones

A

Medullary cavity

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7
Q

Surface of bones that meet other tissues

A

Articulating surface

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8
Q

Type of bone in the ends of long bones

A

Cancellous / trabecular

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9
Q

Transition between diaphysis and epiphysis

A

Metaphysis

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10
Q

Deposits of ___ in matrix

A

Calcium phosphate

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11
Q

Osteocytes live in ___

A

Lacunae

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12
Q

Exchange nutrients and form pathways for blood

A

Canaliculi

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13
Q

Osteon diameter

A

200 microns

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14
Q

Functional unit of compact bone

A

Osteon

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15
Q

Original cells

A

Osteoprogenitor

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16
Q

Break down bone matrix

A

Osteoclasts

17
Q

Build bone matrix

A

Osteoblasts

18
Q

Supervisor cells

A

Osteocytes

19
Q

Rings of osteons

A

Lamellae

20
Q

Unmineralized bone matrix

A

Osteoid

21
Q

ECM is 70% ___

A

Hydroxyapatite

22
Q

Compact bone turnover

A

5% per year

23
Q

Spongy / cancellous bone turnover

A

25% per year

24
Q

Channel running through the center of the osteon

A

Haversian canal

25
Q

Rings in trabecular bone

A

Lamellae

26
Q

What does compact bone has that spongy doesn’t

A

Haversian canal

27
Q

Osteon is surrounded by ___

A

Cement line (weakest point)

28
Q

Properties depend on loading direction

A

Anisotropic

29
Q

Stress-strain depend on time and temp

A

Viscoelastic

30
Q

Tension vs. compression gives a different result

A

Asymmetry

31
Q

Bone is strongest in ___ loading

A

Compression - tension - shear

32
Q

Bone is stiffer and stronger at

A

Higher strain rates

33
Q

Wolff’s law

A

Form follows function, unused tissue degrades

34
Q

___ differentiate into osteoblasts

A

Mesenchymal stem cells

35
Q

Degradation of tissue around an implant

A

Stress shielding