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Anaphy Cutie > Skeletal > Flashcards

Skeletal Flashcards

1
Q

include the bones that form the longitudinal axis of the body or the trunk

A

Axial skeleton

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2
Q

bones of the limbs and girdles that attach them to the axial skeleton

A

Appendicular skeleton

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3
Q

•Support
•Protection
•Allow movement
•Storage
•Blood cell formation

A

Bones

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4
Q

dense and looks smooth and homogeneous

A

Compact bone

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5
Q

has a spiky, open appearance like a sponge

A

Spongy Bone

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6
Q

typically longer than they are wide

A

Long Bones

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7
Q

thin, flattened, and usually curved

A

Flat Bones

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8
Q

cube-shaped

A

Short Bones

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9
Q

Any bone that does not fit the aforementioned categorizes

A

Irregular Bones

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10
Q

have two thin layers of compact bone sandwiching a layer of spongy bone between them

A

Flat Bones

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11
Q

have shafts with enlarged ends

A

Long Bones

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12
Q

Generally composed of compact bone but also contain spongy bone at the ends
➢Ex: bones of the limbs

A

Long Bones

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13
Q

ex: most bones of skull, ribs, sternum

A

Flat Bones

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14
Q

contain mostly spongy bone with an outer layer of compact bone
➢Ex: sesamoid bone, wrist & ankle bones

A

Short Bones

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15
Q

mainly spongy bone with an outer layer of compact bone
➢ex: vertebrae

A

Irregular Bones

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16
Q

➢Shaft
➢makes up most of the bone’s length
➢composed of compact bone

A

Diaphysis

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17
Q

a fibrous connective tissue membrane that covers the diaphysis

A

Periosteum

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18
Q

Aka “Perforating Fibers”

A

Sharpey’S Fibers

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19
Q

secure the periosteum to the underlying bone

A

Sharpey’s Fibers

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20
Q

the ends of long bones

A

Epiphyses

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21
Q

consists of a thin layer of compact bone enclosing an area filled with spongy bone

A

Epiphyses

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22
Q

covers the external surface of the epiphysis

A

Articular Cartilage

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23
Q

composed of hyaline cartilage

A

Articular Cartilage

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24
Q

a distinct line found in adult bones

A

Epiphyseal Line

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25
Q

remnant of the epiphyseal plate
➢a flat plate of hyaline cartilage
➢seen in young, growing bones
➢cause the lengthwise growth of a
long bone

A

Epiphyseal Line

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26
Q

a delicate connective tissue that covers the inner bony surface of the shaft

A

Endosteum

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27
Q

cavity of the shaft

A

Medullary Cavity

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28
Q

in infants, it is a storage of red marrow

A

Medullary Cavity

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29
Q

➢produces blood cells
➢present until around the age of 6 or 7 then
it is gradually replaced by yellow marrow
➢in adults, can only be found in the cavities
of the spongy bone in the axial skeleton,
the hip bones, and the epiphyses of long
bones

A

Medullary Cavity

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30
Q

grow out from the bone surface

A

Projections or
Processes

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31
Q

indentations in the bone

A

Depressions or Cavities

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32
Q

small needle-like pieces of bone that comprises the spongy bone

A

Trabeculae

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33
Q

spaces filled by marrow, blood vessels, and nerves

A

Trabeculae

34
Q

aka “osteon”

A

Haversian System

35
Q

structural and functional unit of compact bone

A

Haversian System

36
Q

mature bone cells

A

Osteocytes

37
Q

aka “Haversian canal”

A

Central Canals

38
Q

Haversian Systems:

A

• Osteocytes

• Lacunae
• Lamellae
• Central Canals

• Canaliculi
• Volkmann’S CanalS

39
Q

Cells responsible for the formation of new bone tissue

A

Osteoblast

40
Q

Cells responsible for the resorption of the
bone

A

Osteoclast

41
Q

Derived from osteoblast

A

Osteocytes

42
Q

Living element of the bone

A

Osteocytes

43
Q

They regulate the flow of minerals into & out
the bone

A

Osteocytes

44
Q

Primitive connective tissue will be replaced
by osteoid matrix
➢Ex: cranial bones, facial bones, & clavicle

A

Membranous phase

45
Q

Aka “cartilaginous phase”
➢Ex: long bones, spine, ribs

A

Endochondral phase

46
Q

Stages Of Bone Remodeling

  • Osteoclast will be
    activated
A

Activation

47
Q
  • Osteoclast will dissolve the bone
A

Resorption

48
Q
  • Osteoblast will be
    recruited
A

Reversal

49
Q

Formation of the new bone tissue

A

Formation

50
Q

Bone will undergo dormancy until the next cycle begins

A

Quiescence

51
Q

Stages Of Bone Remodeling:

A

• Activation
• Resorption
• Reversal
• Formation
• Quiescence

52
Q

Aka “articulations”

A

Joints

53
Q

sites where two or more bones meet

A

Joints

54
Q

Two Functions
• hold the bones together securely
• give the rigid skeleton mobility

A

Joints

55
Q

immovable joints

A

Synarthroses

56
Q

no mobility to very slight mobility

A

Synarthroses

57
Q

made up of fibrous structure

A

Synarthroses

58
Q

slightly movable joints

A

Amphiarthroses

59
Q

made up of cartilaginous structure

A

Amphiarthroses

60
Q

mobility with stability

A

Amphiarthroses

61
Q

➢freely movable joints
➢(+) synovial capsule

A

Diarthroses

62
Q

bones are united by fibrous tissue
➢fxns:
• stability
• shock absorption
• force transmission

A

Fibrous Joints

63
Q

come in two varieties, which differ in the type of cartilage involved:

A

Cartilaginous Joints

64
Q

immovable joints linked by hyaline cartilage

A

SYNCHONDROSES

65
Q

amphiarthrotic joints linked by discs of fibrocartilage
➢ ex: IV disc, pubis symphysis

A

SYMPHYSES

66
Q

are joint in which the articulating bone
ends are separated by a joint cavity
containing synovial fluid

A

Synovial Joints

67
Q

Synovial
Joint

A

• Articular cartilage
• Articular capsule
• Joint cavity
• Reinforcing ligaments

68
Q

Flattened fibrous sacs lines with synovial membrane and containing a thin film of
synovial fluid

A

Bursae

69
Q

They are common where ligaments, muscles, skin, tendons, or bones rub together

A

Bursae

70
Q

an elongated bursa that wraps completely around a tendon subjected to friction

A

Tendon Sheath

71
Q

➢articular surfaces are essentially flat
➢only short slipping or gliding
movements
➢movements are nonaxial
➢Ex: intercarpal joints

A

Plane Joint

72
Q

cylindrical end of one bone fits into a
trough-shaped surface on another bone

A

Hinge Joint

73
Q

Angular movements is allowed in just one plane

A

Hinge Joint

74
Q

They are UNIAXIAL
➢Ex: elbow jt, ankle jt, knee jt

A

Hinge Joint

75
Q

rounded end of one bone fits into a
sleeve or ring of bone uniaxial joints
➢Ex: PRU jt, AA jt

A

Pivot Joint

76
Q

egg-shaped articular surface of one bone
fits into an oval concavity in another

A

Condylar Joint

77
Q

allow the moving bone to travel (1) from
side to side and (2) back and forth, but the
bone cannot rotate around its long axis

A

Condylar Joint

78
Q

➢biaxial
➢Movement occurs around two axes
➢Ex: MCP jts

A

Condylar Joint

79
Q

➢each articular surface has both convex
and concave areas, like a saddle for a
horse
➢biaxial
➢Ex: CMC jt of the thumb

A

Saddle Joint

80
Q

spherical head of one bone fits into the
round socket in another

A

Ball-And-Socket Joint

81
Q

➢aka “universal jt”
➢multiaxial joints allow movements in all
axes, including rotation
➢most freely moving synovial joints
➢Ex: shoulder & hip joint

A

Ball-And-Socket Joint

Anaphy Cutie (10 decks)

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