Site Analysis & Programming

Question 1

Environmental report

Answer 1

(2) phases.
phase 1 - site walk/visual inspection. will rec’ if testing is needed. will research region and provide executive summary
phase 2 - perform rec’ tests (ie. soil borings)

Question 2

LCCA

Answer 2

life cycle cost assessment (cost impact only)

Question 3

LCA

Answer 3

life cycle assessment (environmental analysis + cost)
method of evaluating environmental impact of using one product

Question 4

Septic system

Answer 4

individulaized waste water system (can be for single house or for development)
2 parts - septic tank + leachfield

Question 5

3 layers in septic system

Answer 5

scum (no action)
efluent (released into leachfield)
sludge (will build up and needs to be pumped)

Question 6

PUD

Answer 6

Planned unit development, each large parcel of land is designed to have multiple uses. has variety of lot sizes & densities

Question 7

USGS

Answer 7

maintains maps that show flood plains

Question 8

albedo

Answer 8

aka solar reflectance (SR)
fraction of radiant energy on surface that is reflected. expressed as 0-1
flat/black, absorbs all energy: 0 (ie. grass, natural items)
mirror, reflects all energy: 1 (ie. pavement, snow)

Question 9

reflectivity

Answer 9

term by LEED. used to measure solar heat rejection on non-roof surfaces. 0-1

Question 10

emissivity

Answer 10

ability of surface to emit stored energy (aka thermal emittance) 0-1

Question 11

solar reflectance index (sri)

Answer 11

measure of a roof’s ability to reject solar heat
standard black surface = 0 SRI
standard white surface = 100 SRI

Question 12

LCA (4) steps

Answer 12

1. define goals + scope of study
2. perform inventory anaylsis (determine inputs/outputs of product)
3. perform impact assessment (examines processes identified in step 2 + impact on environ)
4. perform improvement analysis and report the results of the study

Question 13

4 main stages of product’s life cycle

Answer 13

raw material acquisition, manufacturing, use in building, disposal/reuse

Question 14

environmental product declaration (EPD)

Answer 14

standardized report of product’s environmental impact throughout life cycle

Question 15

Bearing capacity testing

Answer 15

1. borehole test - standard penetration test (SPT), measure of density of granular soils & consistency of clays. recording in boring log, blows by hammer.
2. test pits - dig trenches & visual inspection of soil strata. usually limitted to 10’ depth

Question 16

ways to increase bearing capacity and/or decrease settlement

Answer 16

drainage, fill, compaction, densification, surcharging (pre-fill, let settle, remove), mixing, geotextiles

Question 17

project comparison method for budgeting

Answer 17

cost of a new project is estimated using past projects of similar scope and function. accurate within 15-25%. maybe used during programming

Question 18

area method/square foot method for budgeting

Answer 18

used during preliminary design. uses average cost per unit area. accurate within 5-15%

Question 19

assembly method/ system method

Answer 19

used during SD

Question 20

bond

Answer 20

debt security issed by govt entity to raise money for construction project

Question 21

blanket loan/mortgage

Answer 21

fund purchase of large piece of land for subdivision

Question 22

bridge loan

Answer 22

short-term loan to purchase property quickly before long-term financing can be arranged

Question 23

construction loan

Answer 23

finances the construction of the project and is in effect for duration of construction

Question 24

hard money loan

Answer 24

short term long for a distressed financial situation like foreclosure or bankruptcy

Question 25

mezzanine loan

Answer 25

secured by collateral in the stock of a development company rather than a property

Question 26

general obligation bonds

Answer 26

issued by city or state, backed by general tax revenue and city’s credit
finance big construction projects and are used to purchase property

Question 27

revenue bonds

Answer 27

backed by revenue that will come from customers who use whatever project the bond funded (as opposed to credit or tax revenue)