Site Analysis & Programming Flashcards
Environmental report
(2) phases.
phase 1 - site walk/visual inspection. will rec’ if testing is needed. will research region and provide executive summary
phase 2 - perform rec’ tests (ie. soil borings)
LCCA
life cycle cost assessment (cost impact only)
LCA
life cycle assessment (environmental analysis + cost)
method of evaluating environmental impact of using one product
Septic system
individulaized waste water system (can be for single house or for development)
2 parts - septic tank + leachfield
3 layers in septic system
scum (no action)
efluent (released into leachfield)
sludge (will build up and needs to be pumped)
PUD
Planned unit development, each large parcel of land is designed to have multiple uses. has variety of lot sizes & densities
USGS
maintains maps that show flood plains
albedo
aka solar reflectance (SR)
fraction of radiant energy on surface that is reflected. expressed as 0-1
flat/black, absorbs all energy: 0 (ie. grass, natural items)
mirror, reflects all energy: 1 (ie. pavement, snow)
reflectivity
term by LEED. used to measure solar heat rejection on non-roof surfaces. 0-1
emissivity
ability of surface to emit stored energy (aka thermal emittance) 0-1
solar reflectance index (sri)
measure of a roof’s ability to reject solar heat
standard black surface = 0 SRI
standard white surface = 100 SRI
LCA (4) steps
- define goals + scope of study
- perform inventory anaylsis (determine inputs/outputs of product)
- perform impact assessment (examines processes identified in step 2 + impact on environ)
- perform improvement analysis and report the results of the study
4 main stages of product’s life cycle
raw material acquisition, manufacturing, use in building, disposal/reuse
environmental product declaration (EPD)
standardized report of product’s environmental impact throughout life cycle
Bearing capacity testing
- borehole test - standard penetration test (SPT), measure of density of granular soils & consistency of clays. recording in boring log, blows by hammer.
- test pits - dig trenches & visual inspection of soil strata. usually limitted to 10’ depth
ways to increase bearing capacity and/or decrease settlement
drainage, fill, compaction, densification, surcharging (pre-fill, let settle, remove), mixing, geotextiles
project comparison method for budgeting
cost of a new project is estimated using past projects of similar scope and function. accurate within 15-25%. maybe used during programming
area method/square foot method for budgeting
used during preliminary design. uses average cost per unit area. accurate within 5-15%
assembly method/ system method
used during SD
bond
debt security issed by govt entity to raise money for construction project
blanket loan/mortgage
fund purchase of large piece of land for subdivision
bridge loan
short-term loan to purchase property quickly before long-term financing can be arranged
construction loan
finances the construction of the project and is in effect for duration of construction
hard money loan
short term long for a distressed financial situation like foreclosure or bankruptcy
mezzanine loan
secured by collateral in the stock of a development company rather than a property
general obligation bonds
issued by city or state, backed by general tax revenue and city’s credit
finance big construction projects and are used to purchase property
revenue bonds
backed by revenue that will come from customers who use whatever project the bond funded (as opposed to credit or tax revenue)
