sitational varibles affecting obedience Flashcards
milgram procedure
40 participants, told its a study of how punishment affects learning. 2 experiment confederate: an experimenter, and 47 year old who was another volunteer (who got shocked). 2 participants would be picked either teacher or learner, this was rigged so t he leaner is always the fake participant.
teacher tested learner on ability to remember word pairs. every time got it wrong he would shock him, increasing electric stock each time, starting at 15voltz and max 450v.
learner mainly gave wrong answers, and received fake shocks, where he was screaming in pain. when it hit 300volts he gave no response on next question. if teacher asked to stop the experimenter would say “it’s absolutely essential that you continue”
findings
PREDICTED FEW WOULD GO PAST 150 VOLTS AND 1IN100 would GO TO 450V
however 26/40 65% continued to max level 450volts. even though it’s labelled danger. all participants went to 300v with only 5 12.5% stopping
situational factors in obidence 1:
proximity - learner+teacher in samr room obedience levels fell to 40%.
teacher were forced to put learners hand on shock plate - obedience dropped to 30%. whrn experimenter gave instructions over the phone obidence is at 21%
2nd
location - participants said they wouldn’t have shocked learner if took place somewhere else.
so they moved to less prestigious location, in a RUN DOWN OFFICE, obedience was 48% to 450v so it’s similar
3rd
power of uniform - BUSHMAN carried out study
female researcher dressed as either poluce style uniform, business executive or as a begger, stop people and told them to give money to a man at a parking meter, when in uniform, 72% obeyed,
bysiness clothes - 48%
begger - 52%
people said they obeyed because she appeared to have authority
weakness
lack of realism - PERRY foujd that some participants knew the shocks weren’t real, which he called “doubters” and “believers”
STRENTH
historical validity - BURGER found levels of obidence almost identical to those found by milgram 48 years later, so the same thing WOUKD HAPPEN TODAY
strengt
power of uniform research support - JEFFREY asked children to identify who can make arrests. options were poluce who changed into civilian clothes, man who put on poluce clothes and a man with different occupation of who put police suit on temporarily, and another man in uniform. children selected the man currently wearing the police uniform being allowed to carry arrests
