sistemul respirator Flashcards

1
Q

dimensiuni alveole

A

microscopice

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2
Q

organ special al sistemului respirator

A

sinusurile

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3
Q

faringele este/ nu este parte din sist respirator

A

nu

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4
Q

meat

A

cale aeriana delimitata de cornete nazale

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5
Q

rolurile sinusurilor

A

reduc greutatea craniului
camere de rezonanta
spatii de conditionare a aerului

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6
Q

in cornetele nazale si in sinusuri

A

aerul e incalzit si viteza lui scade

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7
Q

localizare saua turceasca, sinus sfenoidal si os sfenoidal

A

saua turceasca e deasupra sinusului sfenoidal, care e in fata osului sfenoif, toate sun aprox posterior de cornetul superior

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8
Q

functiile nasului

A

umidificare- mucus
incalzire- vase de sange
filtrare- mucus + cel ciliate

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9
Q

rinita

A

inflamarea mucoasei nazale

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10
Q

rinita alergica cauzata de polen

A

febra fanului

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11
Q

faringe/

A

gatlej

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12
Q

localizare nazofaringe

A

deasupra valului palatin, in spatele cavitatii nazale

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13
Q

coane nazale

A

intre nazofaringe si cav nazala

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14
Q

vegetatii adenoinde

A

tumefierea amigdalei faringiene

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15
Q

localizare amigdala faringiana

A

peretele posterior meddial al nazofaringelui

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16
Q

localizare amigdale palatine

A

lateral in orofaringe

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17
Q

laringele prezinta

A

11 structuri cartilaginoase, asemanatoare unor cutii

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18
Q

corzi vocale

A

2 seturi de pliuri de tesut membranos gros

19
Q

tonalitate

A

la femei si copii mai inalta si corzi vocale mai scurte

20
Q

ce e trahee si cati cm are

A

tub semirigid de 10-12 cm

21
Q

inele C

A

din cartilag, intre ele muschi neted si t conjunctiv

22
Q

rolurile traheei

A

cale de trecere a aerului
filtrare

23
Q

pana la ce diametru ajung bronhiile

A

1 mm

24
Q

bronhiole

A

t conj si muschi neted, inconjurate de benzi de m neted

25
Q

astm

A

respiratie ingreunata si suieratoare - wheezing

26
Q

cate alveole/plaman

A

300 milioane

27
Q

sac dezumflat

A

zona in care intra chestiile in plamani si unde se unesc cele doua pleure

28
Q

ce nerv controleaza muschii respiratori

A

nervul frenic

29
Q

inspirul fortat

A

muschii intercostali

30
Q

inspirul normal si fortat

A

diafragma si muschii intercostali

31
Q

VC

A

500 ml

32
Q

VR

A

1000 ml
v ramas in plamani dupa un expir fortat

33
Q

VER

A

1500 ml
v expirator de rezerva

34
Q

dupa un expir normal, in plamani mai raman

A

2500 ml

35
Q

VIR

A

2500-3500 ml
cat aer peste cei 500 ml inspirati

36
Q

CVP

A

VC + VIR + VER
inspir fortat + expir fortat

37
Q

unde e centrul de control respirator

A

trunchiul cerebral - bulb si punte

38
Q

zonele centrului de control

A

doua grupuri neuronale - frecventa si amplitudinea din respiratia fortata

zona pneumotaxica - frecventa si amplitudinea respiratiei

39
Q

controlul CO2

A

monitorizat indirect
intensificarea respiratiei => mult CO2 in sangele arterial => difuzeaza in LCR => crestere de H+ in lichid => ajunge la centru => zona pneumotaxica trimite impulsuir nervoase catre muschi

40
Q

controlul O2

A

chemoreceptori in arterele carotide (corpuscul carotidian) si in arcul aortic (corpusculi aortici)

41
Q

cum se transporta O2

A

2% dizolvat in plasma/eritrocite
98% oxihemoglobina

42
Q

cum se transporta CO2

A

7% dizolvat in plasma/eritrocite
93% in eritrocite dintre care
25-30% carbaminohemoglobina
70-75% ioni bicarbonat

43
Q

facil

A

slab