Sirs Lesson(bio+chem)🌿🧑🏾🔬 Flashcards
What are atoms with overall charge?
Ions
What are the sugar molecule used by cells in respiration?
Glucose
What is the force attraction between oppositely charged particles?
Electrostatic attraction
What is an ionic bond?
Intramolecular (bonds inside)
Occurs between a metal and not metal
+ ions from metals mostly
And - ions from non metal
Due to electrostatic forces of attraction between them.
What is a covalent bond?
Intramolecular(bonds Inside)
Occurs between non metals atoms,which share a pair of electrons.
Why are ions essential to normal bodily function?
1-Conduction of nerve impulses
2-regulate osmotic pressure(water balance)
3-muscle contraction
What biological molecule are formed from non metal joined by by a covalent bond?
-protein
-carbohydrates
-lipids
What is a hydrogen bond?
is like a weak magnet-like attraction between a hydrogen atom and an oxygen, nitrogen, or fluorine atom in different molecules.
It occurs due to differences in electro negativity
Example of hydrogen bond from the lesson.
So basically hydrogen is partially positive as when it binds with oxygen,oxygen is more electronegative (electron attracting) so the electron spends more time near oxygen making it partially negative and less form hydrogen thus partially positive.
What is a monomer?
A molecule that can be bonded to other molecules to form a polymer
What is a polymer?
A compound comprising very large molecules that are multiples of simpler chemical unit(monomers)
What monomer is protein made of?
Polypeptide(amino acids)
What polymer is sugar made of?
Polysaccharide
What polymer is DNA made of?
Polynucleotide
Nucleotide bases
How polymers made and the name of reaction?
-Polymerasation
-Condensation reaction,because every time a subunit is added a molecule of water is lost
-Chain is formed when monomer subunits react with terminal end of growing polymer
What happens when polymers break down?
-Hydrolysis
(Water splits)
-And added back to the 2 subunits
What is glycogen and why is it branched?
-is an energy store made branching chain of glucose
-branching helps enzyme to release energy
What is cellulose in plants and why is it unbranched?
-Is a structural molecule made of long chains of unbranded glucose
-unbranched to give a uniform form of support of cells structure
What is a monosaccharide?
A monomer of carbohydrates
What is the energy storage for plants?
Starch
How is a disaccharide formed?
-It is a reaction between monosaccharides e.g glucose,fructose,galactose -forming a glycosidic bond
And forming water from the 2 subunits
Tell me what forms the 3 disaccharides are formed?
Maltose:2 glucose monomers
Sucrose:glucose and galactose e.g sugar
Lactose:formed from glucose and fructose monomer.
How is a polysaccharide formed?
-by the condensation of many glucose units
What is an isomer?
It means Different forms
What 2 isomers does glucose have?
Alpha(1 same) and beta glucose (2 different)
What is glycogen and starch formed by?
Condensation of alpha glucose
What is cellulose formed by?
Condensation of beta glucose
