Sir’s Polysacchired Properties😎 Flashcards
What type of reaction joins monosaccharides together?
Condensation reaction
What makes a polysaccharide?
And example
Joining of 3 or more monasaccharide
E.g starch branched found in plants ,glycogen found in animals
Cellulose found in plants unbranched
State the different example of starch.
1-Amylopectin (branched)-increase numbers of terminal glucose molecule,so more glucose is released at once(which is required)
Used:for energy storage
2-amylose(unbranched) (coils to store more glucose)
Used for storage of some type
What makes cell visible in microscope?and why is the cell wall visible ?
Iodine it stain cell to see organelle(chemical reaction happens turning glucose blue)
Cell wall-is seen because it contains beta glucose (starch)
Give starch’s properties
-Used in plant as energy storage-can be hydrolysed when needed and used for respiration
-compact:a lot can be stored in a small space.
-large:don’t diffuse out of cells
-Insoluble:doesn’t affect water potential so water it is drawn in by osmosis
-Branched:greater area for enzymes to act on so hydrolysis can happen rapidly
Give me glycogen properties
It is a polysaccharide made from chains of a-glucose
-used by animal as energy storage:can be hydrolysed when needed and used for respiration
-compact:a lot can be stored in small space
-large:does not diffuse out of cells
-insoluble:doesn’t affect water potential so water is not drawn in by osmosis
-Highly branched:greater area enzyme can act on so hydrolysis happens rapidly
Why is glycogen highly branched than starch?
Because animals and humans move more than plants so plants don’t need excessive of enzyme release many glucose at once.
What is cellulose function?arrangement?what it is made up of?
1-Rigid structure and provide rigidity and prevents bursting of cell
2-a rope like structure
3- made up beta glucose
Explain how cellulose is made and properties
3 cellulose molecule wrap together to make microfibrils ,and many strands wrapped together forming a fibre (super structure)
-hydrogen bonds keeps structure together whilst making microfibrils
Property:
Cellulose is the most abundant carbohydrate present in nature
It is insoluble in water
It has high tensile strength due to firm hydrogen bonds between the individual chains in cellulose microfibrils. The tensile strength of cellulose microfibrils is comparable to that of steel
The alternate arrangement of glucose molecules in cellulose also contributes to the high tensile strength of cellulose
It is soluble in organic solvents
Give my example of polysaccharide?
Starch/glycogen(branched)
Cellulose(line by line held together by Hydrogen bonds)
What is alpha glucose used and beta glucose used for and details of structure?
Alpha:energy storage
1 start with H then OH then down do the same then near the other just do the opposite (OH THEN H) then do (H and OH) on the other side.
Beta:structural purposes
(Start with OH and then H) and then alternate.
Describe the structure of glycogen
Polysaccharide of alpha glucose joined by glycosidic bond
