Mitosis+meosis👩🏾🔬 Flashcards
What is mitosis?
Is the form of cell division that produces identical daughter (haploids)cell to parent cells for growth,repair and asexual reproduction
-controlled process
What are the 4 stages in mitosis?
(I pee more after tea)
Interphase
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Why is it important to keep number of chromosomes same?
Ensure dna is accurately copied and distributed ,An imbalance in chromosomes leads to cell stress and promotes diseases and leads to cancer which is the uncontrollable division of cells.
What is a single chromosomes called?
Chromatid
What percentage of mitosis and interphase in cell cycle?
Mitosis 10%
Interphase 90%
In nucleus how is DNA arranged?
In chromosomes
Where is DNA organised?
In duplicate chromosome and held by centromere (circle)
What is the centromere?
Is the part of chromosomes where sister chromatid(single chromosomes) are held together.
How do we count chromosomes?
In the number of centromere even tho it is duplicated there is still 1 centromere holding 2 chromatids
What are chromatids?
It is just a strand of replicated replicated chromosome(held by a centromere)
Describe the mitosis stages of division?
Interphase:where in nucleus the DNA is arranged in chromosomes is duplicated and other organelle in cell
And growth and metabolic activities to be prepared for cell division what happens is synthesis of protein organelles and other components on cell
1-prophase:nucleus is visible and chromosomes are visible(condensing)and spindle fibres start to develop
-metaphase
(Middle): chromosomes line up in the middle of cell and nucleus as been disassembled this chromosomes are present
-anaphase:
(Away) chromosomes move away to different poles of cell,chromosomes move by spindles fibre which help move chromosomes to different poles of cell
-telophase
(Two):chromosomes are at the opposite end of cell and new nuclei are forming on each side to make new 2 cells (both having 46 chromosomes)
Cytokinesis:(final separation)cell split,Splitting cytoplasm
Why is mitosis important?
-Cancer research
-We wouldn’t understand how Growth and repair happens both require more cells to be made
In anaphase how does the chromosomes move
Centriole at the different poles of cell attach to spindle fibre to centromere separating the sisters chromatids(single chromosomes)
What can an uncontrolled cell division lead to?and what are treatment directed at?
Formation of tumour and cancers many treatment of cancer are directed at controlling the rate of cell division.
Describe the binary fusion in prokaryotes?
The replication of circular DNA and plasmids
-division of cytoplasm(cytokinesis) to produce 2 identical daughter cells earth with a single copy of circular DNA and a variable number of copies of plasmids.
