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MTech Test > Single Family Dwellings > Flashcards

Single Family Dwellings Flashcards

1
Q

Colonial Style Home

A
  • Typically 2 stores above ground
  • Front door leads into the main entryway and stairwell
  • Living and dining areas typically on the first level with bedrooms on the 2nd floor
  • May or may not have a basement
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2
Q

Ranch or Rambler Home

A
  • Usually one strory, may or may not have basement

- Typically have open floor plan

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3
Q

Cape Cod

A
  • Typically 1 1/2 stories above ground
  • Front door provides access to the main stairwell leading up and basement stairs (if present)
  • Top floor contains knee walls and dormers
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4
Q

Split Foyer

A
  • Usually two stories with stairs at the foyer level, which allows access to both levels of the home
  • Expect living quarters in the basement level
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5
Q

Split Level

A
  • Two to three levels
  • Front entry is on one level between an upper and lower floor
  • Bedrooms typically located on the second floor
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6
Q

Balloon Frame

A
  • Similar in layout to the colonial house with the exception of wall construction
  • Walls are built with long continuous studs that run from the basement to the attic
  • No fire stops between floors
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7
Q

Hybrid

A
  • Variation of several different styles
  • Typically wood frame and are two separate occupancies separated by a fire wall in a one story portion of the structure
  • this space can be a storage shed, garage or breezeway
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8
Q

McMansion/Estate Homes

A
  • Typically 3,000++ square feet
  • Typically wood frame with a large amount of open space in the attic area
  • HVAC components in attic space
  • Interior layout similar to Colonial style homes but significantly larger
  • Most rooms will have large vaulted ceilings
  • Presence of large open foyer area should be expected
  • Because of large size a lap by first arriving engine officer may not be possible–but must be completed prior to entry–consideration shall be given early for another company to view and report on conditions from all available sides
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9
Q

Cluster Homes

A
  • Single family detached homes constructed of lightweight building materials that are in a very close proximity to each other
  • Usually 10 ft or less apart
  • Typically have vinyl or wood siding, zero clearance chimneys
  • Open floor plans
  • No firewalls–high potential for lateral fire spread to other homes
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10
Q

Define Single Family Dwelling

A

a detached structure constructed to house one or more families in a single place of residence

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11
Q

Most common construction type for single family dwellings?

A

Type V

-platform-frame construction is the most common type

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12
Q

Since when have engineered I-beams been the norm?

A

2000s

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13
Q

How soon do engineered I beams fail when exposed to fire?

A

5 minutes

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14
Q

Crawlspace and basement walls are generally built of?

A

Block or poured concrete

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15
Q

Casement windows

A
  • create a special hazard
  • found in construction from the 1940s- late 60s
  • steel frames set in concrete or masonry
  • removing this frame by force can be very difficult
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16
Q

Egress Windows

A
  • required in homes with sleeping quarters in the basement
  • must be two exits for these bedrooms
  • second exit may be a larger than normal size window
  • bottom of window opening can be no more than 44” off the floor
  • oversized window well required must be at least 36”x36”xmax”44(tall)
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17
Q

Exterior Doors (single family)

A

Two types: solid wood or insulated metal

-inward opening

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18
Q

Load bearing walls (single family)

A

Typically three, two exterior walls that are parallel to each other, each D+B or A+C and one interior wall that is centrally located and runs parallel to the other two load bearing walls

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19
Q

Fire Flow Estimate for single family

A

10 GPM per 100sq ft of involved area

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20
Q

Fuel Oil Tank or Gas Meter Located Inside Clues

A
  • fuel oil tank will have a fill pipe and vent located on an outside wall near the tank
  • gas meter will have a vent and may have a gray gas pipe going through an exterior wall to the interior where the meter is located
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21
Q

Potential for collapse in single family dwellings relates to 2 factors:

A

1) presence or absence of lightweight construction

2) whether or not the fire is attacking the structural components or contents only

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22
Q

Greatest Collapse Potential Exists (SF) when…

A

fire in the basement is attacking the structural supports under the first floor

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23
Q

Minimum Single Family Dwelling Fire Response

A

4 engines, 2 trucks, 1 rescue, 1 EMS unit, 2 BCs, 1 EMS super, 1 command aide

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24
Q

Tanker Task Force

A

3 Tankers, 1 Engine, 1 BC

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25
Q

First Engine Position/initial actions (SF)

A
  • after viewing as many sides as possible, park to allow for rapid advancement of hoselines while leaving room for the truck.
  • communicate via radio: on scene report, layout, size up, 360 lap and situation report
  • primary actions will be deployment of initial attack line, search as the line is advanced
26
Q

Second Engine Position/Initial Actions (SF)

A
  • Establish a water supply
  • Ensure first line is operational
  • Deploy the second line
27
Q

Third Engine Position/Initial Actions (SF)

A
  • position to allow the crew rapid access to the structure while maintaining access and egress to the incident for additional resources
  • secondary water and visualize side charlie
  • check for extension
  • possible exposure line
28
Q

Fourth Engine Position/Initial Actions (SF)

A
  • Position out of the way
  • Assume RIT
  • Driver may be assigned to supply water for the third engine
29
Q

First Truck Position/ Initial Actions (SF)

A
  • position side A
  • force entry
  • search
  • coordinated ventilation
  • deploy ground ladders (primary concern)
30
Q

Second Truck Position/ Initial Actions (SF)

A
  • position as close as possible to the scene
  • assist with forcing entry
  • seach
  • coordinated ventliation
  • ground ladders
  • visual inspection of side C
  • ground ladders and truck ops to the rear will remain a priority
31
Q

Rescue Squad Position/ Initial Actions (SF)

A
  • position with rapid access to structure without blocking out other companies
  • Search (primary responsibility)
  • forcing entry
  • coordinated ventilation
  • ground laddering
32
Q

How much space should you give the truck so that ground ladders can be deployed out of the rear?

A

50’

33
Q

A Size Up Contains:

A

1) Pre-incident (know what needs to be on a pre-plan, barriers, layouts etc.)
2) Pre-arrival
3) On-scene report
4) 360 lap or walk around
5) Situation report
6) Interior size-up
7) Ongoing size-up

34
Q

Pre-Incident Size Up

A

Pre-planning

35
Q

Pre-Arrival Size Up

A
  • occupancy type
  • time of day
  • class of construction
  • weather conditions
  • water supply access
36
Q

On Scene Report

A
  • Position of first arriving apparatus (side of building)
  • what is evident upon arriving
  • occupancy type
  • exposure concerns
37
Q

360 Lap

A

Allows the Officer to determine possible location of the fire, the presence of victims, best location for line deployment and any obstacles that may impede smooth fireground ops.

  • Shall conduct prior to interior firefighting
  • If unable to get to side C assign other company to report on it
  • Unless life saving measures are to be taken must wait for report from all sides before interior ops
38
Q

Situation Report

A

Compile all the information from the pre-incident, pre-arrival, on-scene and 360 lap and relay to units either on the scene or still responding and dictates the actions needed and design a plan of action.

39
Q

Interior Size Up

A
  • location and amount of fire
  • interior building layout
  • location of victims
  • hazards encountered
  • positioning of hoselines
  • prioritization of search areas
40
Q

Ongoing Size-Up

A

Progression of fire extinguishment, number of victims and progress of removal, status of building, additional needs, and other pertinent information the IC may need

41
Q

Purpose of Initial Line

A
  • protect occupants
  • protect interior stairwell
  • advance to the seat of the fire for confinement and extinguishment
42
Q

CAN Report

A

C-Conditions
A-Actions
N-Needs

43
Q

Line Above the Fire Purpose

A
  • protect the company doing the primary search

- extinguish vertical extension

44
Q

What encloses the Eaves of a SFD?

A

Eaves are often enclosed by nailing a fascia (board) to the ends of rafters or trusses and a soffit to the underside

45
Q

What can hastened Fire Extension by the way of eaves?

A

When the eaves are enclosed with lightweight vinyl or sheet metal soffits

46
Q

Soffit Attack

A

Attic fires can be rapidly knocked down from the exterior by a soffit attack: Engine will match their stream with the angle/pitch of roof and flow under the gutter and through the soffit

47
Q

After extinguishing a deck fire can you enter the house from the burned part of the structure to the unburned portion of the structure?

A

Yes

48
Q

Mandatory Actions for Exterior Fires Extending into the Dwelling

A

1) First hoseline is deployed to the fire location on the exterior of the structure
2) Second line deployed inside, crew must inspect ceiling are and the floor condition at point of entry
3) Once fire on exterior is knocked hoseline may be redeployed to the interior
4) Coordination of tactics between first engine and first special service must be completed before the special service units can enter the building

49
Q

Two Key Challenging Characteristics of Basement Fires

A

1) Limited access points

2) The potential exists to have immediate, unimpeded fire impingement on the structural support for the floor above

50
Q

What two locations may the initial handline in a basement fire be?

A

1) To the exterior basement access to commence fire attack

2) To the front door to protect the interior stairs and upper floors

51
Q

If unable to close interior basement door how should stream be directed to prevent vertical fire extension?

A

By using a narrow fog pattern aimed at the veiling over the stairway

52
Q

What board may be removed from a SFD to allow access for an exterior stream to the basement?

A

The band board (area where the floor joists for the first floor meet the exterior wall)

53
Q

What is the most effective way to extinguish an Attic Fire?

A

Gaining access an placing a hose line at the level of the fire in the attic.

54
Q

If fire exposes the soffit area under the eaves what is the first task of extinguishment?

A

Quick sweep of the soffit and eave line with a hose stream

55
Q

What five conditions must exist for a wind driven fire to occur?

A

1) Fire in the structure
2) Failed or open window to the outside in the fire area
3) Presence of wind on the exterior of the structure
4) Failed or open door to living area
5) An unobstructed path to an outlet for the fire to vent

56
Q

Size Up for Wind-Driven Fire

A
  • presence and direction of wind direction from street level
  • failure of windows to the area of the fire
  • lack of smoke and flames and/or intermittent smoke or flames pushing from the failed window
  • presence of a large volume of fire within fire area
57
Q

Ventilation in McMansions

A

horizontal ventilation may not produce desired results due to the large open areas, vertical ventilation may be your only option

58
Q

What are the two most dangerous areas to search?

A

1) area close to the fire on the fire floor

2) area directly above the fire

59
Q

What are the two most critical areas to search?

A

1) Means of egress

2) sleeping areas

60
Q

What four questions must the ventilation team answer before venting?

A

1) What is the location of the fire?
2) What is the current ventilation status?
3) Will adding additional ventilation openings affect fire conditions?
4) Where is the hoseline?

61
Q

What type of construction should PPV not be used?

A

Balloon-frame construction

MTech Test (19 decks)

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