SINDROMUL BRONSITIC CRONIC Flashcards

1
Q

definitie

A

inflamatica cronica a peretelui bronsic cu acutizari repetate si evolutie progresiva, consecinta bronsitelor acute repetate sau a unei afectari respiratorii cronice

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2
Q

etiologie

A

bronsite acute repetate - infectioase: virale / bacteriene / toxice / profesionale
agresiune directa cronica : fumat, noxe

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3
Q

AHC

A

hiperreactivitate bronsica - caracter primar - mucoviscidoza - boala cu AD
deficite imune- hipogammaglobulinemie esentiala sau deficit selectiv de IgA
sindrom Kartagener

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4
Q

AMC

A

bronsite acute repetate; procese inflamatorii nazofaringiene (vegetatii adenoide, hipertrofie de cornete, deviatie de sept) - intretin infectia si favorizeaza recidivele ceea ce va duce in timp la cronicizarea procesului

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5
Q

consum de toxice

A

fumat - BRONSITA CRONICA TABAGICA

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6
Q

CVM

A

profesii cu expuneri la noxe , expuneri profesionale la intemperii , poluare atmosferica, locuinta necorespunzatoare ( fumat pasiv)))

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7
Q

TUSEA DIN BRONSITA CRONICA

A

PACIENTUL TUSESTE 3 LUNI PE AN CEL PUTIN 2 ANI CONSECUTIV.
EESTE : SEZONIERA / IN ANOTIMPURILE DE TRANZITIE / ESTE MAI FRECVENTA SEARA LA CULCARE SAU DIMINEATA LA IESIREA LA AER, MAI ALES LA AER RECE. UNEORI APARE IN ABCESE DECLANSATE DE FACTORI VARIATI ( FUM, PRAF, CEATA)

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8
Q

SIMPTOME LOCALE

A

tuse, expectoratie, , hemoptizie ( mica), dispneea

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9
Q

hemoptizia

A

mica de obicei
apare la alcoolici si hipertensivi

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10
Q

dispneea

A

la inceput absenta
se instaleaza odata cu evolutia spre BPOC

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11
Q

expectoratia

A

mucoasa, mucopurulenta, franc purulenta ( in acutizari )
uneori poate deveni fetida, apare in cantitate variabila de la moderata la abundenta cum este in bronsiectazie

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12
Q

EXAMEN OBIECTIV GENERAL

A

STARE PSIHICA - somnolenta diurna cu inversrea ritmului nictemeral - semn de insuficienta respiratorie , sincopa tusigena
atitudine - antistusigena
facies - BRONSITIC - CIANOTIC , BUHAIT - BLUE BLOATER IN BPOC
Teg si mucoase - cianoza centrala, poliglobulie secundara ( roseata)
FANERE : hipocratism digital

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13
Q

examen obiectiv LOCAL

A

inspectie - torace normal sau “paralitic” ( in expiratie), ronchus _ respiratie sforaitoare
palpare - freamat vocal diminuat , palpare freamat ronchal
percutie -
auscultatie - murmur vezicular diminuat cu expir prelungit, raluri bronsice uscate ( ronflante si sibilamnte), in perioade de acutizare apar si raluri bronsice umede

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14
Q

explorari paraclinice

A

biologic - leucozitoza,vsh, pmn
radiologic - accentuare a desenului bronhovascular
citologic si bacteriologic - pmn
explorari functionale respiratorii - disfunctie ventilatorie de tip obstructiv ( CV NORMAL asociat cu VEMS scazut)
gazele sanguine - astrup : modificarile apar tardiv, fiind reprezentate de hipoxie si hipercapnie

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15
Q

Ce modificari putem intalni la examenul obiectiv general?

A

antitudine antitusigena
Cianoza (cianoza centrala), facies buhait, hipocratism digital
roseata (poliglobulie secundara)

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16
Q

Ce stare psihica putem intalni in BPOC?

A

SOMNOLENTA DIURNA cu inversarea ritmului nictemeral –> semn de insuficienta respiratorie; sincopa tusigena