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Religious Education > Sin and Forgiveness > Flashcards

Sin and Forgiveness Flashcards

1
Q

What is a deterrence?

A
  • punishments that put people off committing crime, ie. drink driving laws
  • Designed to make the criminal think before committing the crime
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2
Q

What are the advantages of deterrence?

A
  • Seen to be punitive/stigmatised so others are put off
  • if the deterrent works, it stops the crime all together so there are no victims of crime.
  • The other punishments ‘react’ to the crime itself.
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3
Q

What are the disadvantages of deterrence?

A

It might be impossible to put some people off committing crime – for example addicts, people who are unable to make rational decisions

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4
Q

What is retribution?

A

making the criminal pay for what they have done, ie. Prison/death penalty. The punishment fits the crime

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5
Q

What are the advantages of retribution?

A
  • Fair and just – criminals get what they deserve
  • it is consistent with Biblical teaching – ‘an eye for and eye’ – Rich Man and Lazarus (Rich Man ended up in hell and was punished for his sin
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6
Q

What are the disadvantages of retribution?

A
  • ie the death penalty, if taking a life is wrong, then surely using it as a punishment is wrong
  • often prison makes the criminal worse – recidivist rate is 70%, ie the person re-offends – life-cycle of crime/prison
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7
Q

What is rehabilitation ?

A

helping criminals reform through education, counselling and training = FORGIVENESS

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8
Q

What are the advantages of rehabilitation?

A
  • Criminal less likely to commit crime again – become productive in society
  • this response is consistent with Christian teaching – love neighbour and imago Dei - Jesus said to forgive 70 x 7
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9
Q

What are the disadvantages of rehabilitation?

A
  • Courses in prison are not enough - Poverty/poor parenting and childhood trauma lead people to crime – so this needs to be addressed too
  • Some people think this response is ‘soft’ on crime – and it doesn’t offer a sense of justice to the victims of crime
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10
Q

What is the central message of the gospel?

A

Forgiveness

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11
Q

Where is the Parable of the Unforgiving Servant in the Bible?

A

Matthew 18

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12
Q

What does it say in the Parable of the Unforgiving Servant?

A
  • Peter asks Jesus how many times he must forgive

- Jesus responded ‘not seven times but seventy-seven times..’

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13
Q

What does 7 represent in the Bible?

A
  • 7 represents perfection in the Bible

- THIS MEANS that Jesus teaches there is NO LIMIT to forgiveness.

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14
Q

What does it say about forgiveness in Matthew 6?

A

Jesus also tells us that if we do not forgive we cannot expect to be forgiven

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15
Q

What does it say in the Lord’s Prayer about forgiveness?

A

we ask for forgiveness as we forgive others

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16
Q

What are examples of forgiveness in the Bible?

A
  • Jesus forgave the cheating tax-collector, Zacchaeus,
  • Jesus forgave the woman caught in adultery
  • Jesus forgave the guards who executed him
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17
Q

What do people believe about Christians and crimes?

A

That they are too soft on crime because they choose forgiveness

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18
Q

What does Christians believe about forgiveness?

A
  • However, Christians believe forgiveness and punishment work together to ensure justice is done
  • Justice does not mean revenge – it means restoring what is right
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19
Q

What do Christians believe about judgement?

A
  • Jesus said to forgive
  • God will punish wrong-doers in the next life on JUDGEMENT DAY – ie. Parable of the Rich Man
  • The Parable of the Sheep and the Goats
  • Christians believe it is up to God to judge and forgive
  • In this life Christians believe that punishment should be about REFORM/REHABILITATE
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20
Q

What is the Catholic views on Capital Punishment?

A

Traditionally the death penalty was ALLOWED but not ENCOURAGED

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21
Q

What does St Augustine write about capital punishment?

A

Letters to Macedonius

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22
Q

What does St Augustine write in the letters to Macedonius?

A
  • letter 153 = said to seek other types of punishment, because once a person is dead there ‘is no space to reform’
  • letter 134 = said to set free rather than avenge ‘by shedding blood.’
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23
Q

What book does Pope John Paul II write in about capital punishment?

A

Evangelium Vitae

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24
Q

What does PJPII write about in Evangellium vitae about capital punisment?

A
  • it is to be avoided unless it is the only way to defend society – keep society safe - restore justice
  • He said the death penalty should only be used in ‘cases of absolute necessity’
  • He said that punishments should be bloodless wherever possible
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25
Q

What does the CCC say about capital punishment?

A

the death penalty is acceptable to ‘protect public order.’

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26
Q

What does Pope Francis say about the capital punishment?

A

it is ‘no longer justifiable.’ The wrong person might be killed.

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27
Q

What are the Catholic views that agree with capital punishment?

A
  • The Old Testament teaches ‘ he who sheds a person’s blood, shall have his blood shed..’ Genesis 9
  • Jesus never said the death penalty was wrong
  • St Paul said that Christians should accept the laws of their country – even if that means accepting the death penalty
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28
Q

What are the non-religious views that agree with capital punishment?

A
  • its expensive to keep people in prison

- some crimes are so awful they warrant the death penalty

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29
Q

What are the Christian views that disagree with capital punishment?

A
  • Jesus came to forgive sinners
  • Ten Commandments – ‘do not kill,’ Exodus 21
  • Jesus said that an eye for an eye is wrong
  • he told us to turn the other cheek – Matthew 5
  • All life is sacred – imago Dei
  • Christians should forgive
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30
Q

What are the non-religious views that disagree with capital punishment?

A
  • might kill the wrong person (Timothy Evans wrongly killed in 1950)
  • death row inmates released since 1973, all people have human rights (the right to life)
  • Two wrongs don’t make a right
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31
Q

What does Salvation mean?

A

Salvation means being freed from sin and its consequences

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32
Q

What does the CCC say about salvation?

A
  • Jesus offers salvation

- pp,dd.log,ss,hh

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33
Q

What does Evangelisation mean?

A

Evangelisation means sharing the Good News of Jesus with others

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34
Q

What is the Great Commission?

A
  • Before he died he sent his disciples on a special mission
  • ‘make disciples of all nations.’
  • THIS MEANS all Christians are called to spread the Gospel
  • The Apostles went out to preach the Gospel = EVANGELISATION = St Pauls letters describe this
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35
Q

What does Pope Francis write about Evangelisation?

A
  • Evangelii Gaudium

- calling for a NEW EVANGELISATION

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36
Q

What does it say in EG 15?

A
  • we must preach the Gospel
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37
Q

What does it say in EG 49?

A

he wants a church that is bruised and hurting

38
Q

What does it say in EG 198?

A

He wants a Church that is poor and for the poor

39
Q

What does it say in EG 48?

A

special love for the overlooked

40
Q

What does it say in EG 264?

A

Jesus message is a TREASURE and we need to share God’s love

41
Q

What does Jesus teach about forgiveness?

A
  • God will punish wrong-doers in the next life on JUDGEMENT DAY – ie. Parable of the Rich Man – the rich man is punished
  • The Parable of the Sheep and the Goats
42
Q

What is the role of grace?

A
  • grace is the love and mercy shown by God
  • it is a free gift
  • when Christians are truly sorry God freely offers them mercy and REDEMPTION.
43
Q

What is the role of free will?

A
  • Jesus’ death and resurrection secures our salvation
  • it is a free gift
  • but it is up to us how we respond – CHOOSE TO ACCEPT OR REJECT GOD (Parable of Rich Man =
44
Q

How do Christians achieve salvation?

A
  • Participate in their own redemption
  • by repenting of sins,
  • asking God for forgiveness,
  • accepting Jesus as the son of God and saviour
  • living a good life
  • Parable of the Sheep and the Goats
45
Q

What does the CCC say about sacraments?

A

“an outward sign of an inward grace”

46
Q

What does sacraments help Catholics do?

A
  • They can see, hear and touch God

- Through sacraments they are made holy

47
Q

What is the Sacramental Nature of Reality?

A
  • the whole of creation shows God’s presence, in nature, in each other ..
  • CCC ‘God speaks in the ordinary’
  • TBC R TBC
48
Q

What are sacraments linked too?

A

Jesus…

  • dd
  • pp
  • log
  • sss
  • hh
49
Q

What is the significance of the baptism sacrament?

A
  • a person is welcomed into Body of Christ/born again in Christ/water poured over
  • sin is washed away and given the promise of salvation
50
Q

What is the significance of the reconciliation sacrament?

A
  • this is confession/sins are confessed
  • person experiences God’s forgiveness
  • forgiveness is essential to receive salvation
51
Q

What is the significance of the eucharist sacrament?

A
  • the body and blood of Christ is received
  • believe in the real presence of Jesus who died for sins
  • when Catholics take communion they share in Jesus’ sacrifice and they hope to be worthy of salvation
52
Q

What is the significance of the anointing of the sick?

A
  • sick person anointed with oil and united with Jesus
  • brings comfort in suffering and prepares for death
  • their suffering unites the with Jesus and brings them closer to salvation
53
Q

What do Catholics believe about the Eucharist?

A
  • the ultimate expression of thanksgiving to god

- Jesus dd, pp ,ss

54
Q

What is the most regularly taken sacrament?

A
  • The eucharist

- it is so important its an obligation to attend Mass

55
Q

What does the CCC say about the Eucharist?

A

‘The Eucharist is the source and summit of Christian life.’

56
Q

What does the eucharist remind Catholics?

A
  • salvation starts with God/Jesus who is the SOURCE (the origin of life)
57
Q

What is the summit of the eucharist?

A

The greatest thing God does for us is to sacrifice himself for us so we can have eternal life

58
Q

What is the culmination of the eucharist?

A

ccc = The highest point with God in the world with us

59
Q

What does the altar represent in the church?

A
  • REMINDS Christians of Jesus’ death and that Jesus offers salvation
  • The priest consecrates the bread and wine and becomes the body and blood of Jesus to sacrifice and reminds us of our salvation
60
Q

What does the CCC say about the altar?

A

‘the altar is the table of the Lord,’

61
Q

What does the tabernacle represent in the church?

A

-where the consecrated host is kept
– focus of prayer and devotion
– it helps Catholics to feel closer to Jesus/salvation

62
Q

What does the crucifix represent in the church?

A

– cross with an image of Christ
– it reminds of Jesus’ death and suffering
– Catholics believe Jesus paid the price to secure their salvation

63
Q

What does the font represent in the church?

A
  • big stone/wooden bowl filled with holy water

- Font used during baptism when a person becomes a member of the Body of Christ

64
Q

What is the significance of the font in the church?

A
  • The font with holy water is the symbol of death and resurrection
  • Jesus was baptised with water – like us – water is a symbol of our NEW LIFE = ETERNAL LIFE in Jesus
65
Q

What is the significance of the church being in the shape of a cruciform?

A

THIS SHOWS that Jesus died on the cross to offer salvation to all

66
Q

What is the significance of the church facing east?

A
  • Facing the holy land
  • the sun rises from the east
  • Jesus rose like the sun
  • THIS REMINDS us of the resurrection = our salvation - eternal life
67
Q

What is the source for the church facing east?

A

Matthew 24:27 suggests the Second Coming of Christ will be from the east

68
Q

What is the significance of the church having a nave?

A

– the ceiling is like an upside down boat – sailing to heaven. The pews are the seats of the people rowing into heaven.

69
Q

How is Mary important to Catholics?

A
  • M - Mother of God
  • A - Acts as an intercessor
  • R - Role model as she accepted being the mother of God
  • Y = She said YES to God
  • C - Charity = wedding at cana
  • Devotion
  • Discipleship
70
Q

What are the four marks of the nature of the church?

A
  • One
  • holy
  • Catholic
  • Apostolic
71
Q

How does the nature of the church show it is one?

A
  • One source from God
  • We all share one salvation
  • The Holy Spirit dwells in all and unites the Church
72
Q

How does the nature of the church show it is holy?

A
  • God is holy and Jesus is God
  • the church is inspired by Jesus’ holiness
  • So the Church is holy as community centred on Jesus
73
Q

How does the nature of the church show it is catholic?

A
  • Jesus gave his apostles authority
  • passed authority to the first Pope – St Peter, there has been an unbroken line of popes from St Peter to present day (Pope Francis) – 265 Popes
  • Catholics believe that Pope and Bishops are continuing the work of the early apostles
  • they can be traced back to the first disciple
74
Q

What is the significance of Jesus’ life?

A
  • Jesus showed people how to live, care for the poor, love one another, forgive
  • The parable of the sheep and the goats teaches Catholics how to live a good life – inspired by Jesus
75
Q

What is the significance of Jesus’ death?

A
  • Jesus was whipped and crucified (suffered)
    – he was SACRIFICED
    – showed total obedience to God and made up for our sins – DD, PP, LOG, SS..
76
Q

What is the significance of Jesus’ resurrection?

A
  • central belief at the heart of the faith, rose from the dead
    – OVERCAME death (SS) and proved he was the son of God
    – ONLY GOD CAN CONQUER DEATH
77
Q

What is the significance of Jesus’ ascension?

A
  • After 40 days Jesus returns to heaven to prepare a way for his followers
    – Catholics are given the (HH)
78
Q

What are Catholics taught about hell?

A

Catholics are taught that those who die in a state of mortal sin descend to

79
Q

What do the CCC describe hell as?

A

‘eternal fire’ and SEPARATION from God = Rich Man and Lazarus

80
Q

What are the benefits to evangelising?

A
  • Religious leaders working together – Pope Benedict said that all religions can work together
  • Catholics are taught to respect other religions – this helps to break down prejudices
  • Builds community and offers people an alternative way of living.
81
Q

What are the challenges to evangelising?

A 
C Closing parishes
R Rise in number of people not attending
I Increase in non-religious
S - Science – secularisation of society
P Priests getting older
82
Q

How does the church evangelise locally?

A
  • through the parish
    – by celebrating Mass, offering the sacraments, Bible study, charitable work.
  • Pope Francis says parishes have great ‘flexibility’ to respond to local need
83
Q

How does the church evangelise nationally?

A
  • Bishops help Catholics to know how to spread the Gospel
  • Bishops provide educational resources and promote inter-faith dialogue
  • Every year Catholics celebrate ‘Home Mission Sunday’ – aim is to inspire Catholics to share their faith with others
84
Q

How does the church evangelise globally?

A
  • things like the Vatican, Pope Francis, CAFOD ( a global charity), World Youth Days (bring hundreds of thousands of young people together)
  • MEAN the Church has a BIG GLOBAL REACH which help the Church can share the Gospel with the whole world
  • Letters from the Pope – like Evangeli Gaudium telling Catholics how to spread the Good News
    – also the Pope’s use of Twitter
85
Q

How is the Christian heritage evident in the laws?

A
  • Sunday trading hours restricted = Keep the Sabbath holy

- 26 Lords in House of Lords are Bishops – THIS MEANS Christian leaders help to make decisions about British laws

86
Q

How is the Christian heritage evident in the traditions?

A
  • St George’s Day – St David’s – St Andrew’s are patron saints (EWS)
  • National events like Remembrance Day still have a Christian identity/prayers
  • ‘Abide with me’ = Christian hymn sung at FA Cup Final
  • Unlucky 13 – linked to Judas being the 13th member of the Last Supper
87
Q

How is the Christian heritage evident in the festivals?

A
  • 2 main public holidays – Christmas and Easter
  • Academic calendar based on Christian festivals
  • Shrove Tuesday – Pancake day and Halloween have Christian origins
88
Q

What does Cyprian say about salvation outside the church?

A
  • ‘Outside the Church there is no salvation.’
  • The Church is necessary for salvation
  • A person enters the Church through Baptism
  • People who REFUSE to enter the Church, cannot be saved
89
Q

What CCC say about salvation outside the church?

A
  • people who do not know about Jesus and act as their CONSCIENCE tells them – MAY ALSO BE SAVED
  • THIS MEANS OTHER CHRISTIANS ARE SAVED TOO – God is bigger than the Church
90
Q

What does Pope Francis say about salvation outside the church?

A

we all have the same Father

Religious Education (6 decks)

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