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Religious Education > Good and Evil > Flashcards

Good and Evil Flashcards

1
Q

What does TBC R TBC stand for?

A

The beauty of the creation reflects the beauty of the creator

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2
Q

What is the original sin?

A

When Adam and Eve ruptured their relationship with God by eating from the Tree of Knowledge. Since then humans have the tendency to sin

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3
Q

What is free will?

A

A gift from God to choose between good and evil not robots

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4
Q

Who wrote Enchiridion?

A

St Augustine

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5
Q

What does Enchiridion talk about?

A
  • PAG
  • God is omnibenevolent who created the universe
  • His creation is good
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6
Q

What does PAG stand for?

A

P - evil doesn’t exist, it is a PRIVATION of good
A - its helps us APPRECIATE good
G - GOOD comes from evil

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7
Q

What do other Christians believe about the origin or evil?

A
  • They are less likely to believe in original sin

- Moral evil is caused by humans doing wrong

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8
Q

What are the jewish beliefs about the origin of evil?

A
  • People aren’t born evil
  • suffering is cause by wrong choices
  • yetzer ha tov
  • yetzer ha ra
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9
Q

Who came up with the theory the inconsistent triad?

A

David Hume

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10
Q

What does David Hume say about the origin of evil?

A

If God were omnipotent and omnibenevolent, God would stop suffering. However there is evil and suffering therefore God isn’t omnipotent or omnibenevolent

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11
Q

What does Mackie say about the origin of evil?

A
  • evil does not help us appreciate good
  • we dont need a contrast or too much of it
  • good does not come from evil / suffering
  • many become bitter and resentful after they suffer
  • why couldn’t God make us all choose good
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12
Q

What does Ambivalence mean?

A

Mixed feelings towards suffering

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13
Q

What do Catholics believe about the purpose of suffering?

A

Helps us develop empathy

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14
Q

What does the book of job say about suffering?

A

Bad things happen to good people and we dont know why but it is all apart of God’s plan. We all must trust God’s wisdom

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15
Q

What chapter in the Bible talks about the suffering servant?

A

Isaiah 53

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16
Q

What does the Suffering Servant teach us?

A
  • The servant prophesised Jesus’ death meaning Jesus sacrificed himself for our sins.
  • True servants of God should be ready to suffer for the sake of other people
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17
Q

What do jews believe about suffering?

A
  • Suffering comes from free will and wrong choices
  • God is good and a merciful judge
  • It is pointless to try figure out why Jesus suffered
  • All jews should suffer for mankind
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18
Q

What did John Hick say the origin of evil?

A
  • Anglican Christian said humans are made in the image of God but are not perfect
  • Humans can grow to be perfect
  • Suffering is the best way to develop
  • Evil is “soul-making”
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19
Q

What do catholics do to endure suffering

A
  • Pray for the sick
  • Work for social justice
  • Take up vocation to helps those who suffer
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20
Q

What do jews believe about suffering?

A
  • suffering comes from free will and wrong choices
  • God is good, merciful judge and prosecutor
  • Book of Job
  • Suffering servant
  • and they do charity work to endure the suffering
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21
Q

What does incarnation mean?

A

God became flesh

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22
Q

What is incarnation of God?

A
  • Jesus is the son of God but he is also God
  • It is One person
  • Two natures
  • Human/Divine
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23
Q

What does it say in John 1 about incarnation?

A
  • Jesus is the word

- God became flesh and human

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24
Q

What is the sources of authority in John 1 about incarnation?

A

The word became flesh

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25
Q

What does kenosis mean?

A

emptying

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26
Q

What does the Kenosis Hymn talk about?

A
  • Jesus Humbled himself
  • He died on the cross between two thieves
  • Christ placed himself at the service of humankind
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27
Q

Why is the kenosis hymn significant?

A
  • Christians can understand God
  • Jesus is God walking and talking on earth
  • God sent his son to dd, pp, sss, log, hh
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28
Q

What are the Jewish beliefs on the incarnation.

A
  • God is NOT Jesus
  • It challenges the Shema which is about the oneness of God
  • Ten Commandments = do not worship false gods
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29
Q

What is purpose of statues in the catholic church?

A
  • Common feature in the church
  • reminds Catholics of Jesus’ incarnation and resurrection and suffering
  • they are a physical sign of God’s extraordinary presence
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30
Q

What are common examples of statues in the Catholic church?

A
  • crucifix
  • Mary
  • statue of saints
  • the stages of the cross
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31
Q

What did Sacrosanctum Conciliuim say about statues?

A

It turns men’s mind towards God?

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32
Q

What is the significance of statues to catholics?

A
  • They dont pray to statues
  • it helps them focus
  • Catholics dont pray to Mary she is an intercessor
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33
Q

What are the non-religious views towards free will?

A
  • God was irresponsible giving humans free will

- Omnipotent and omniscient God could stop our bad actions

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34
Q

What does Mackie say about free will?

A

Why didn’t an omnipotent God make us always choose free will.

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35
Q

What did Sam Harris say about free will?

A
  • Free will is an illusion
  • We dont have free will and we are influenced by our
    DNA
    Our early life experiences
    Brain development
    Sub-conscious
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36
Q

What are the catholic views in free will?

A
  • Free will is a gift from God
  • God does not want us to be robots
  • Original sin
  • God wants us to choose to do good
37
Q

What does Matthew 24 say about free will?

A

All are free before God

38
Q

What is the doctrine of the Trinity?

A
  • Fundamental belief of the church

- Without the Trinity Christians could not believe that Jesus is God

39
Q

What is the biblical support for the doctrine of the trinity?

A
  • The first time is when Jesus was baptised and God, the son and holy spirit were all present
40
Q

What are the beliefs of Catholics of the mystery of why God allows pain?

A
  • Jesus’ incarnation gives Christians a way to understand suffering
  • God loves us so much he was willing to take on human form to sacrifice himself for us
41
Q

What is the significance of God allowing suffering to Catholics?

A
  • Jesus didn’t run from suffering
  • Suffering is temporary
  • suffering will help others
  • endure suffering
42
Q

What does Lazarus say about suffering?

A

Those who suffer will be rewarded in the next life

43
Q

What book does John Paull II write about suffering?

A
  • Salvifici Doloris

- saving power of suffering in latin

44
Q

Who came up with the theory of natural law?

A

Thomas Aquinas

45
Q

What is the theory of natural law?

A
  • There are moral principles that humans naturally follow

- Humans naturally pursue good and avoid evil

46
Q

What are the 5 moral areas of conduct taught by Aquinas in the theory of natural law?

A

POWER=

  • preserve life
  • order society
  • worship God
  • educate children
  • reproduce
47
Q

How does natural law (NL) show us God is good?

A
  • The universe is created by God who is good
  • We recognise when NL is broken we have given ability to tell the difference between good and evil
  • We dont have to know God to follow NL
  • Non-Christians follow NL too
48
Q

What are the protestant views towards statues?

A
  • Statues go against the Ten Commandments (Dont worship false gods)
  • They have a simple cross with no Jesus on
49
Q

What are the jewish beliefs towards statues?

A
  • No statues as a focus of prayer
  • Do not worship false idols
  • ## in synagogues there are no human representations
50
Q

What is the pieta?

A

A statue of Mary holding Jesus after his crucifixion

51
Q

What shows God’s Goodness in the pieta?

A
  • God sacrificed his only Son which shows his love for us
  • God chose Mary for her goodness = she shows acceptance and not anger - God has values
  • They are both at peace - better life to come
  • Shows Mary’s love for her son and this reflects God’s love for us
52
Q

What shows the meaning of human suffering in the pieta?

A
  • Mary has left hand open
  • Mary is larger than her full grown son
  • Two figures are idealised despite their suffering
53
Q

What is the significance of Mary has left hand open in the pieta?

A

Mary is accepting what has happened. We should accept suffering.

54
Q

What is the significance of Mary is larger than her full grown son in the pieta?

A

Mary cradles Jesus like a baby in her arms. Jesus was fragile like a child and experienced extreme suffering we accept suffering too

55
Q

What is the significance of Two figures are idealised despite their suffering in the pieta?

A

This reflects Catholic ambivalence (suffering is not wanted but it is a source of blessing)

56
Q

What is a journey?

A

Opportunity to reflect on life’s journey, a journey of self-discovery and spiritual renewal.

57
Q

What was the source for pilgrimages?

A

CCC ‘pilgrimage a place of spiritual renewal.’

58
Q

What does pilgrimages give opportunities for?

A
  • Prayer
  • personal reflection
  • attend mass
59
Q

Where is Lourdes?

A

In south France

60
Q

What is Lourdes?

A
  • Bernadette had visions of Mary

- She dug spring water

61
Q

How many visions did Bernadette have?

A

18

62
Q

What do people at Lourdes?

A
  • many have bathed in the water
  • believed to have miraculous healing powers
  • pray at the grotto
  • large numbers volunteer as helpers of the sick.
  • They might not come back from Lourdes cured – but may feel a greater sense of peace
63
Q

What is the significance of going to Lourdes?

A
  • IT’S A WAY for ORDINARY PEOPLE CAN RESPOND TO THE MYSTERY OF SUFFERING
  • Gives Catholics hope that in spite of evil in the world – God is IMMANENT and active in the world
  • Bernadette came from a poor family – she had bad health – she struggled in school – this reassures Catholics that Mary will help them too..
  • Mary also promised Bernadette to help her in the next life – ss, hh….
64
Q

What do jews think about pilgrimages?

A
  • Torah – instruction to go to Jerusalem to the Temple three times a year – Pesach, Shavuot, Sukkoth
  • Since destruction of Temple - Not been able to fulfil the Mitzvot
  • As a substitute some Jews visit the Western Wall in Jerusalem – its part of the Temple (remember Jews believe the messianic age will be when the temple is re-built)
  • Jews pray for the Temple to be rebuilt
  • For some Jews it is important to visit the graves of rabbis such as Maimonides
65
Q

yetzer ha tov meaning?

A

Inclined to do good

66
Q

yetzer ha ra

A

inclined to do bad

67
Q

What is the nicene creed?

A
  • God the creator, Jesus the Saviour (dd,pp,log,ss, hh) and Holy Spirit the invisible guide/inspiration for people today
  • The Nicene CREED = core beliefs recited by Catholics
68
Q

What is sermon on the mount?

A

speech that Jesus gave his followers

69
Q

What is the beatitudes?

A

The Beatitudes are 8 blessings that begin with ‘Blessed are ..’

70
Q

What does the beatitudes teach?

A
  • The blessings teach Catholics what characteristics will be rewarded by God
  • Those who are closest to God are the ones the world does not value ie. ‘blessed are the meek (humble)’
  • CHANGE TO BEHAVIOUR – be gentle and do the right thing
71
Q

What is The fulfilment of the Jewish Law (Torah)?

A
  • Jesus says ‘I have not come to abolish the law .. But to fulfil them’ Matthew 5:17
  • THIS IS SIGNIFICANT - Jesus has the authority of God and has the authority to update the Laws in the Torah
  • CHANGE TO BEHAVIOUR - Following Jesus requires a higher moral standard, ie. Do not murder becomes do not be angry or love your neighbour becomes love your enemies
72
Q

What does it say in Matthew 5-7 about Jesus’ examples of moral behaviour?

A
  • Lord’s Prayer – teaches about showing forgiveness in order to be forgiven
  • Golden Rule ‘do to others as you would want them to do to you.’ – show kindness, mercy and love
73
Q

What is the quote that Thomas Aquinas say about conscience?

A

‘the mind of human beings making moral decisions’

74
Q

What do Catholics believe about our conscience?

A
  • conscience must be informed (TAUGHT) by reading the Bible and by following the teaching of the Church
  • Our INFORMED conscience helps us to discover natural law and know the difference between right and wrong.
75
Q

What is our conscious proof of?

A

Our conscience is proof that God is good

  • imago dei
  • COLDS
76
Q

What are virtues?

A

Are qualities that help us to do the right thing

77
Q

What does St paul say about virtues?

A

virtues that bring us closer to God are faith, hope and selfless love

78
Q

What are the Catholic Cardinal Virtues?

A
  • PRUDENCE (make good decisions)
  • JUSTICE (be fair)
  • FORTITUDE (be brave)
  • TEMPERANCE (show moderation)
79
Q

Virtues and the role of suffering :

A

We can grow in virtue when we suffer – if I suffer poverty, I could then be more generous.. If I suffer injustice, I could then fight for justice..

80
Q

What is the significance of developing virtues?

A

Developing the virtues means that we are living good lives – ss – hh..

81
Q

What is Popular devotion/piety?

A

Catholic communities are activities outside of the Mass

82
Q

What are examples of piety?

A

Rosary, praying Novenas, the Stations of the Cross, Adoration of the Blessed Sacrament and going on pilgrimage – they are not part of the formal Mass

83
Q

Why is piety important?

A

achieve a union with Christ – but also have strong cultural links, historically they were very important as a way of expressing/passing on faith

84
Q

What is the rosary?

A

It is a form of meditation, most say the prayers from memory and can think more deeply

85
Q

How many prayers does the rosary consist of and what are those prayers?

A

Consists of three prayers – Our Father, Hail Mary and the Glory Be

86
Q

What do catholics reflect on when praying the rosary?

A

4 mysteries – they are periods in Jesus’ life

87
Q

What are the four mysteries? (ROSARY)

A
  • God becoming flesh
  • Sorrowful = Jesus’ death
  • periods in Jesus’ life - Glorious = Jesus’ resurrection, - - Luminous= Jesus’ life and teachings.
88
Q

Why is reflecting on reincarnation important? (ROSARY)

A

Incarnation – God loved us so much he was willing to take on human form to sacrifice himself for us

89
Q

What is the significance of the sorrowful mystery?

A
  • The agony in the garden, the scourging (whipping) at the pillar, the crowning with thorns, Jesus carries his cross, Jesus is crucified and dies
  • Helps Catholics to reflect on what Jesus suffered for them – dd,pp,log,ss,hh
  • Helps Catholics accept suffering in their own lives
  • Salvifici Doloris
  • If we ‘offer up’ our suffering in prayer we can resemble Jesus’ own act of sacrifice
  • Our suffering will be used to help others

Religious Education (6 decks)

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