SIM: Anaphylactic Shock

Question 1

Type I Hypersensitivity

Answer 1

Too much IgE crosslinking in response to environmental antigen leading to mast cell and basophil release of histamine, causing synthesis of prostaglandins and leukotreines, such as hay fever, asthma, hives, food allergies, and eczema.

Question 2

Treatment for Acute Anaphylaxis

Answer 2

Epinephrine 0.01 mg/kg IM (1:1000 epinephrine)
Supplemental oxygen
IV fluids for intravascular volume
Antihistamine

Question 3

Symptoms of Acute Anaphylaxis

Answer 3

Stridor w/ tracheal tugging and rib cage retraction
Tachycardia
High RR
Low BP