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Geology Board Exam Day 2 > Silicates (ma'am mylene ver) > Flashcards

Silicates (ma'am mylene ver) Flashcards

1
Q

More than 2/3 of the Earth’s crust is composed of these minerals.

A

framework silicate minerals

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2
Q

A High-pressure, low-temperature polymorph of Quartz

A

Stishovite

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3
Q

A polymorph of Quartz exists in high to medium pressure and a wide variety of temperatures.

A

Coesite

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4
Q

A polymorph of Quartz exists in low temp and low pressure

A

Alpha-Quartz

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5
Q

A respiratory illness caused by inhaling unsafe levels of silica dust.

A

Silicosis

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6
Q

Uses of quartz

A

Raw materials for making glass
Semiconductor
Sealant
Abrasive/polish
Semiprecious stone (Jewelry)

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7
Q

violet or purple quartz

A

Amethyst

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8
Q

cause of the purple color of amethyst

A

due to the trace amount of Fe

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9
Q

pink or rose red variety of Quartz

A

Rose Quartz

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10
Q

cause of the pink or rose-red color of Quartz

A

uncertain but some rose quartz contains very fine inclusions of pink dumortierite

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11
Q

cause of the yellow color of the Quartz

A

fe content, irradiation, or some combination

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12
Q

yellow Quartz

A

Citrine

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13
Q

cause of the milky color of Quartz

A

abundant minute fluid inclusions

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14
Q

A red or brown microcrystalline variety of quartz

A

Jasper

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15
Q

A black or dark gray microcrystalline quartz

A

Flint

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16
Q

smoky brown of black quartz

A

Smoky quartz

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17
Q

cause of the smoky brown color of Quartz

A

produced by irradiation of quartz containing trace amounts of Al.

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18
Q

Most abundant minerals in the earth’s crust.

A

FELDSPAR GROUP

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19
Q

FELDSPAR GROUP is nearly found in what type of rock?

A

igneous rock

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20
Q

three principal compositional end members of the Feldspar group.

A

Alkali feldspars (K,Na)AlSi3O8/ K-feldspar (KAlSi3O8) (Orthoclase)
Albite (NaAlSi3O8)
Anorthite (CaAl2, Si2O8)

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21
Q

the 6 minerals in the plagioclase group

A

Albite An0- An10
Oligoclase An10-An30
Andesine An30-An50
Labradorite An50 – An70
Bytownite An70-An90
Anorthite An 90-An100

22
Q

Microcline

A

triclinic K-feldspar

23
Q

Orthoclase

A

monoclinic K-feldspar

24
Q

Low Sanidine

A

monoclinic K-feldspar

25
Q

high Sanidine

A

monoclinic K-feldspar

26
Q

K-feldspar produced by authigenic or low-temperature
hydrothermal processes

27
Q

triclinic sodic alkali feldspar characterized by grid twinning

A

Anorthoclase

28
Q

Similar to feldspars in both structure and physical properties but distinguishable chemically from feldspars by having less silica relative to the amount of Na and K.

A

FELDSPHATOIDS

29
Q

Mineral under feldspathoids

A

Nepheline,
Leucite
Sodalite group

30
Q

hydrated framework silicates

A

Zeolite Group

31
Q

The largest single group of silicate minerals constitute major rock-forming minerals in some environments

A

Zeolite Group

32
Q

produced by the alteration of some precursor minerals

A

Zeolite group

33
Q

Environments favorable for minerals under the zeolite group

A

Weathering under high pH conditions
Sedimentary diagenesis environments
Alteration associated with percolating groundwater
Hydrothermal alteration associated with igneous activity
Contact metamorphism
Burial and low-grade regional metamorphism

34
Q

a mineral group that has a general formula of General Formula: XYZ2O6

A

Pyroxene group

35
Q

Constructed of single chains of tetrahedra.

A

Pyroxene group

36
Q

color of Orthopyroxenes and pigeonite

37
Q

usually restricted to volcanic rocks

38
Q

Most of many members with platy or flaky habits and one prominent cleavage. They are generally soft, relatively low specific gravity

A

Phyllosilicates

39
Q

chief minerals of schists and are widespread in igneous rocks

40
Q

Form at lower temperatures than amphiboles or pyroxenes and frequently are formed as
replacements of earlier minerals as a result of hydrothermal alteration

A

Phyllosilicates (sheet silicates)

41
Q

which contain rings of linked SiO4
tetrahedra

A

Ring Silicates (cyclosilicates)

42
Q

3 common species of ring silicates

A

Beryl
Cordierite
Tourmaline

43
Q

Most abundant in the pyroxene group

44
Q

Most common pyroxenes in igneous rocks (intermediate to mafic)

A

augite, pigeonite, and orthopyroxene

45
Q

The mixture of enstatite and ferrosilite

A

Orthopyroxene

46
Q

The mixture of diopside and hedenbergite

A

Clinopyroxene

47
Q

generic term for the mixture of Mg2Si2O6 and Fe2Si2O6

A

Hypersthene

48
Q

generic term for the mixture of CaMg2Si2O6 and ((Ca,Fe)2Si2O6)

49
Q

In terms of abundance, these minerals are among the most common minerals, in basaltic and related rocks in the oceanic crust

50
Q

very common minerals in wide variety of igneous and metamorphic rocks

Geology Board Exam Day 2 (17 decks)

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