Signs to recognize

Question 1

Cullen’s sign

Answer 1

• physical exam finding of ecchymoses, or bruising, around the umbilicus.
• This sign indicates either intraperitoneal or retroperitoneal hemorrhaging. - most commonly due to acute pancreatitis or ectopic pregnancy but can also be caused by numerous other abdominal pathologies.

Question 2

Dunphy’s sign

Answer 2

• also a cough symptom; pain when coughing is caused by increased pressure in the abdominal cavity and increased tension of the abdominal muscles.
• increased abdominal pain, localised to the right lower quadrant, with coughing
• It may be positive in acute appendicitis

Question 3

Blumberg’s sign

Answer 3

• is a symptom observed in the case of peritonitis, acute appendicitis, characterized by acute pain that occurs when the pressure is suddenly released when the examiner’s hand is removed from the abdominal wall.

Question 4

Jaworski’s sign

Answer 4

• characteristic of retrocaecal appendicitis.
• The patient, lying on his back, raises his lower limb and the examiner presses his hand in the area of ​​the appendix.
• The symptom is positive when the patient feels gradually increasing pain while lowering the lower limb.