signaling pathways Flashcards
what is the effect that lipid based hormones have on the cell ?
steroid hormones - since they can cross the membrane and dissolve into the cytoplasm no signaling pathway is necessary
all circulate bound to a protein
what are the bindingproteins asociated with steroid hormones ?
SBG
TBG
what are the two systems of signalling pathways that extracellular hormones use ?
either through a surface receptor like TK or JAK/STAT
or through a 2nd messenger system
what hormones are associated with tyrosine kinase ?
ahamohom insulin , ay 7aga a5erha growth factor
what is the process that happens after insulin binds to tyrosine receptors ?
after binding autophosphorylation happens
what is the process with JAK/STAT ?
after binding to JAK instead of autophosphorylation , phosphorylation happens with the STAT
what pathway is activated with tyrosine kinase receptors ?
MAP pathway
what are the uses for the JAK/STAT pathway ?
cytokines , bone marrow
what is the disease associated with JAK2 mutation ?
associated with myeloproliferative disorders
gene for tyrosine kinase
bone marrow cells become hypersensitive to cytokines
what type of receptors are associated with cyclic AMP second messengers ?
g protein linked receptors
what is the cascade of events that happens with the release of cAMP ?
hormone binds to g protein coupled receptors
this activated Gs proteins
ATP is converted to cAMP through adenyl cyclase
cAMP activates protein kinase A
what cells use the cAMP second messenger system ?
anterior pituitary and parathyroid hormones
glucagon, ADH, MSH
what second messenger system is associated with pituitary hormones ?
cAMP
what is the enzyme associated with cAMP vs cGMP ?
cAMP - adenyl cyclase
cGMP - guanylate cyclase
where is cGMP used in the body ?
heart hormones (BNP/ANP)
nitric oxide
all are vasodilators
what is the enzyme associated with IP3 system ?
phospholipase C
what receptors are associated with IP3 sysetm ?
g protein coupled receptors
what is the cascade of events associated with IP3 second messenger system ?
hormone binds to G coupled protein receptor
activation of Gq proteins
activation of phospholipase C
PI3 is formed which allows for the release of calcium
and activates protein kinase C
what hormones are associated with IP3 pathway ?
posterior pituitary hormones (oxytocin and ADH) only V1
histamine H1
angiotensin
gastrin
