sick child

Question 1

how does your
a) heart rate
b) blood pressure
change over time?

Answer 1

a) heart rate starts high and gets lower
b) blood pressure starts low and gets higher

Question 2

what is different about kids epiglottis & larynx?

Answer 2

epiglottis = more floppy
larynx = more anterior

Question 3

what is common viral resp infections in young kids/babies?

Answer 3

bronchiolitis = acute inflammation of bronchioles

Question 4

what are 2 common central nervous system infections? how to investigate?

Answer 4

• meningitis = bacterial & viral
• encephalitis = viral

investigate w lumbar puncture & imaging

Question 5

what are some differentials for fits, faints & funny episodes?

Answer 5

• febrile seizures
• vasovagal episode (common faint from low BP when stand etc)
• reflex anoxic seizure (in kids from sudden pain/anxiety etc)
• breath holding attacks
• behavioural episodes
• epilepsy
• arrhythmias

Question 6

what are some times when surgery for GI obstruction done in kids?

Answer 6

GI obstruction from
- congenital pyloric stenosis
- volvulus
- intussusception
- malrotation (infants)

Question 7

what is smart idea of structure to ABCDE?

Answer 7

for each letter first assess for need of resuscitation (e.g. airway, are they breathing) then second emergency assessment where emergency treatment given (e.g. they are breathing but not well, give oxygen)

Question 8

what is treatment things in C (circulation)?

Answer 8

• 20mls/kg 0.9% saline (then reassess)
• maybe blood if trauma or haemorrhage