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A&P 2 > Show me the muscles > Flashcards

Show me the muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Opponens pollicis

A

Opponens pollicis
Origin: carpal bones and the transverse carpal ligament
Insertion: Metacarpal 1
Action: Opposition of digit 1 to digits 2-5
Nerve: Median n

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2
Q

Abductor pollicis brevis

A 
Abductor pollicis brevis
Origin: carpal bones and the transverse carpal ligament
Insertion: Proximal phalanx of digit 1
Action: ABDuction of digit 1
Nerve: Median n
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3
Q

Flexor pollicis brevis

A

Flexor pollicis brevis
Origin: carpal bones and the transverse carpal ligament
Insertion: Proximal phalanx of digit 1
Action: Flexion of digit 1 at the MCP (metacarpophalangeal) joint
Nerve: Median & ulnar n

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4
Q

Adductor pollicis

A 
Adductor pollicis
Origin: Metacarpals 2 & 3
Insertion: Proximal phalanx of digit 1
Action: ADDuction of digit 1
Nerve: Ulnar n
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5
Q

Abductor digiti minimi

A

Abductor digiti minimi
Origin: carpal bones and the flexor retinaculum
Insertion: Base of proximal phalanx of digit 5
Action: ABDuction of digit 5
Flexion of digit 5 at the MCP joint
Nerve: ulnar nn

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6
Q

Flexor digiti minimi brevis

A

Flexor digiti minimi brevis
Origin: carpal bones and the flexor retinaculum
Insertion: Proximal and middle phalanx of digit 5
Action: Flexion of digit 5 at the MCP and PIP joints
Nerve: ulnar n

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7
Q

Opponens digiti minimi

A 
Opponens digiti minimi
Origin: carpal bones and the flexor retinaculum
Insertion: 5th metacarpal
Action: Opposes digit 5 slightly
Nerve: Ulnar n
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8
Q

Interosseous muscles: Palmar interossei

A 
Interosseous muscles: Palmar interossei
Origin: Metacarpals
Insertion: Proximal phalanx digits 2, 4 and 5
Action: ADDuction of digits 2, 4 and 5
Nerve: Ulnar n
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9
Q

Interosseous muscles: Dorsal interossei

A 
Interosseous muscles: Dorsal interossei
Origin: Metacarpals
Insertion: Proximal phalanx digits 2, 3 and 4
Action: ABDuction of digits 2, 3 and 4
Nerve: Ulnar n
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10
Q

Lumbricals

A

Lumbricals
Origin: Tendons of the flexor digitorum profundus
Insertion: Tendons of extensor digitorum; digits 2-5
Action: MCP flexion with PIP and DIP extension “intrinsic plus” position
Nerve: Median nerve digits 2 & 3
Ulnar nerve digits 4 & 5

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11
Q

Tibialis Anterior (leg)

A 
Tibialis Anterior
Origin: Proximal Lateral Tibia
Insertion: Planter surface: 1 base of MT I
Action: Dorsiflexion (stand on heal
Nerve: Peroneal nerve
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12
Q

Gastrocnemius

A

Gastrocnemius
Origin: Medial and lateral femoral condyles
Insertion: Calcaneus via calcaneal (or Achille’s) tendon
Action: knee flexion & Plantarflexion (stand on toe)
Nerve: Tibial nerve

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13
Q

Soleus

A 
Soleus
Origin: posterior tibia and fibula
Insertion: Calcaneus via calcaneal (or Achille’s) tendon
Action: Plantarflexion (point toe)
Nerve: Peroneal nerve
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14
Q 
Fibularis Longus (Peroneus Longus)
(Leg)
A 
Fibularis Longus (Peroneus Longus)
Origin: Proximal 1/3 fibula
Insertion: Plantar surface, 1 base of MTI, 2 Medial Cuneiform
Action: Plantarflexion, Eversion
Nerve: Peroneal nerve
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15
Q

Fibularis Brevis (Peroneus Brevis)

A 
Fibularis Brevis (Peroneus Brevis)
Origin: middle 1/3 fibula
Insertion: Dorsal surface, base of MT V
Action: Plantarflexion, Eversion
Nerve: Peroneal nerve
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16
Q

Fibularis Tertius (Peroneus Tertius)

A 
Fibularis Tertius (Peroneus Tertius)
Origin: distal 1/3 fibula
Insertion: dorsal surface MT V
Action: Dorsiflexion, eversion
Nerve: Peroneal nerve
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17
Q

Extensor Digitorum Longus

A

Extensor Digitorum Longus
Origin: Proximal lateral tibia, Anterior fibula
Insertion: Dorsal surface digits II-IV
Action: Extend digits II-V, Assists with dorsiflexion
Nerve: Peroneal nerve

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18
Q

Flexor digitorum brevis

A

Flexor digitorum brevis
Location: bottom of foot digits II-V
Action: flexion of digits II-V

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19
Q

Lumbricals (foot)

A

Lumbricals
Location: bottom of foot – under Flexor digitorum brevis
Action: Extension of PIP and DIP joints, Flexion of MTP joint

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20
Q

Abductor digiti minimi (foot)

A

Abductor digiti minimi
Location: Bottom of foot – along digit V
Action: Abduct and flexes digit V

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21
Q

Flexor hallucis brevis (foot)

A

Flexor hallucis brevis
Location: Under abductor hallucis brevis
Action: Flexion of MTP of the great toe (digit I)

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22
Q

Flexor digiti minimi (foot)

A

Flexor digiti minimi
Location: bottom of foot
Action: flexes digit V at MTP joint

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23
Q

Abductor hallucis brevis (foot)

A

Abductor hallucis brevis
Location: Medial side of foot
Action: Abductors digit I

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24
Q

Biceps brachii

A

Biceps brachii
Origin: Short head: Coracoid process of the scapula
Long head: Supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula
Insertion: Radial tuberosity of the radius
Action: Elbow flexion
Forearm supination
Nerve: Musculocutaneous n

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25
Q

Brachialis

A 
Brachialis
Origin: Distal surface anterior humerus
Insertion: Coronoid process of the ulna
Action: Elbow flexion, stronger with forearm pronation
Nerve: Musculocutaneous n
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26
Q

Brachioradialis

A

Brachioradialis
Origin: Lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus
Insertion: Styloid process of the radius
Action: Moves the forearm to neutral from pronation or supination
Nerve: Radial n

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27
Q

Triceps brachii

A

Triceps brachii
Origin: Lateral and medial heads: Posterior shaft of the humerus
Long head: Infragleniod tubercle of the scapula
Insertion: Olecranon process of the ulna
Action: All 3 heads: Elbow extension
Long head: Shoulder extension
Nerve: Radial n

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28
Q

Pronator teres

A 
Pronator teres
Origin: Medial epicondyle of the humerus
Insertion: Mid radius; lateral surface
Action: Forearm pronation
Nerve: Median n
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29
Q

Pronator quadratus

A 
Pronator quadratus
Origin: Distal ¼ anterior ulna
Insertion: Distal ¼ anterior radius
Action: Forearm pronation
Nerve: Median n
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30
Q

Supinator

A 
Supinator
Origin: Posterolateral humerus; distal surface
Posterior proximal ulna
Insertion: Anterior proximal radius
Action: Forearm supination
Nerve: Radial n
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31
Q

Flexor carpi radialis

A 
Flexor carpi radialis
Origin: Medial epicondyle of the humerus
Insertion: Anterior surface, base of metacarpal II
Action: Wrist flexion
Radial deviation
Nerve: Median n
32
Q

Palmaris longus

A 
Palmaris longus
Origin: Medial epicondyle of the humerus
Insertion: Palmar aponeurosis
Action: Wrist flexion
Nerve: Median n
33
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris

A

Flexor carpi ulnaris
Origin: Medial epicondyle of the humerus - Proximal ulna
Insertion: Pisiform bone - Anterior surface, base of metacarpal V
Action: Wrist flexion 0 Ulnar deviation
Nerve: Ulnar n

34
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis

A

Flexor digitorum superficialis
Origin: Medial epicondyle of the humerus - Anterior ulna and radius
Insertion: Middle phalanx digits II-V
Action: Flexion of proximal interphalangeal joints digits II-V
Nerve: Median n

35
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus

A

Flexor digitorum profundus
Origin: Anterior ulna and radius (deep to FDS)
Insertion: Distal phalanx digits II-V
Action: Flexion of distal interphalangeal joints digits II-V
Nerve: Median and ulnar nn

36
Q

Extensor carpi radialis Longus

A

Extensor carpi radialis Longus
Origin: Lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus
Insertion: Posterior surface, base of metacarpal II
Action: Wrist extension
Radial deviation
Nerve: Radial n

37
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis

A

Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Origin: Lateral epicondyle of the humerus
Insertion: Posterior surface, base of metacarpal III
Action: Wrist extension
Radial deviation
Nerve: Radial n

38
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris

A

Extensor carpi ulnaris
Origin: Lateral epicondyle of the humerus
Insertion: Posterior surface, base of metacarpal V
Action: Wrist extension
Ulnar deviation
Nerve: Radial n

39
Q

Extensor digitorum

A

Extensor digitorum
Origin: Lateral epicondyle of the humerus
Insertion: Posterior surface digits II-V entirely
Action: Extension of metacarpophalangeal joints II-V
Extension of proximal and distal interphalangeal joints digits II-V
Nerve: Radial n

40
Q

Flexor pollicis longus

A 
Flexor pollicis longus
Origin: n/a
Insertion: n/a
Action: Flexion of interphalangeal joint digit I
Nerve: n/a
41
Q

Iliacus (Iliopsoas)

A

Iliacus (Iliopsoas)
Origin: Internal surface of the ilium
Insertion: Lesser trochanter of the femur
Action: Hip flexion
Nerve: Femoral nerve and L spinal nn segments 2-4

42
Q

Psoas major (Iliopsoas)

A 
Psoas major (Iliopsoas)
Origin: Vertebral bodies L1-L5
Insertion: Lesser trochanter of the femur
Action: Hip flexion 
Nerve: Femoral nerve
43
Q

Rectus Femoris

A

Rectus Femoris
Origin: Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine (AIIS); Ilium
Insertion: Tibial tuberosity via the patellar tendon
Action: Pelvis: Anterior tilt
Hip: Flexion
Knee: Extension
Nerve: Femoral nerve

44
Q

Gluteus maximus

A

Gluteus maximus
Origin: Posterior ilium, Sacrum, Coccyx
Insertion: Gluteal tuberosity of femur, Iliotibial band
Action: Hip:
Extension
External rotation
ABDuction (upper fibers),
ADDuction (lower fibers)
Pelvis: Posterior tilt
Nerve: Inferior gluteal nerve

45
Q

Gluteus medius

A 
Gluteus medius
Origin: External ilium
Insertion: Greater trochanter of femur
Action: Hip: ABD
Increase hip stability during stance and gait 
Nerve: Superior gluteal nerve
46
Q

Gluteus minimus

A 
Gluteus minimus
Origin: External ilium
Insertion: Greater trochanter of femur
Action: Hip: ABD
Increase hip stability during stance and gait 
Nerve: Superior gluteal nerve
47
Q

Tensor fascia latae

A 
Tensor fascia latae 
Origin: Anterior ilium
Insertion: Iliotibial band 
Action: Hip: Flexion
                  Medial rotation
                  Abducts
Pelvis: Anterior tilt
Nerve: Superior gluteal nerve
48
Q

Hip Adductor: Brevis

A 
Hip Adductor: Brevis 
Origin: Pubis
Insertion: Linea aspera of femur
Action: Hip: ADDuction 
Nerve: Obturator nerve
49
Q

Hip Adductor: Longus

A 
Hip Adductor: Longus
Origin: Pubis
Insertion: Linea aspera of femur
Action: Hip: ADDuction 
Nerve: Obturator nerve
50
Q

Hip Adductor: Magnus

A 
Hip Adductor: Magnus
Origin: Pubis
Insertion: Linea aspera of femur
Action: Hip: ADDuction 
Nerve: Obturator nerve
51
Q

Gracilis

A 
Gracilis
Origin: Pubis, immediately lateral to pubic symphysis
Insertion: Proximal medial tibia
Action: Hip: ADDuction
Knee: Flexion
Medial rotation
Nerve: Obturator nerve
52
Q

Pectineus

A 
Pectineus
Origin: Pubis
Insertion: Lesser trochanter
Linea aspera 
Action: Hip adductor
Hip flexion
External rotation
Nerve: Femoral nerve
53
Q

Sartorius

A 
Sartorius
Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine of the ilium
Insertion: Proximal medial tibia
Action: Hip: Flexion
ABDuction
Internal rotation
Knee: Flexion
Pelvis: Anterior tilt 
Nerve: Femoral nerve
54
Q

Tensor fascia latae

A 
Tensor fascia latae 
Origin: Anterior ilium
Insertion: Iliotibial band 
Action: Hip: Flexion
Medial rotation
Abducts
Pelvis: Anterior tilt
Nerve: Superior gluteal nerve
55
Q

Sartorius

A 
Sartorius
Origin: Anterior Superior Iliac Spine (ASIS); Ilium
Insertion: Proximal medial tibia
Action: Pelvis: Anterior tilt
              Hip: 
                      Flexion
                      External Rotation
                      ABDuction
              Knee: Flexion
Nerve: Femoral nerve
56
Q

Rectus Femoris

A

Rectus Femoris
Origin: Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine (AIIS); Ilium
Insertion: Tibial tuberosity via the patellar tendon
Action: Pelvis: Anterior tilt
Hip: Flexion
Knee: Extension
Nerve: Femoral nerve

57
Q

Vastus Lateralis

A

Vastus Lateralis
Origin: Greater trochanter of femur; lateral aspect of the linea aspera
Insertion: Tibial tuberosity via the patellar tendon
Action: Knee Extension
Nerve: Femoral nerve

58
Q

Vastus Medialis

A

Vastus Medialis
Origin: Greater trochanter of femur; lateral aspect of the linea aspera
Insertion: Tibial tuberosity via the patellar tendon
Action: Knee Extension
Nerve: Femoral nerve

59
Q

Vastus Intermedius

A 
Vastus Intermedius
Origin: Anterior femur; shaft
Insertion: Tibial tuberosity via the patellar tendon
Action: Knee Extension
Nerve: Femoral nerve
60
Q

Biceps Femoris (long head)

A

Biceps Femoris (long head)
Origin: Long head: Ischial tuberosity; ischium
Insertion: Head of fibula
Action: Pelvis: posterior tilt
Hip: Extension
Knee: Flexion
Nerve: Fibular (peroneal) nerve and Tibial nerve

61
Q

Biceps Femoris

A 
Biceps Femoris 
(short head)
Origin: Short head: posterior femur; linea aspera
Insertion: Head of fibula
Action: Knee flexion
Nerve: Tibial nerve
62
Q

Semitendinosus

A 
Semitendinosus
Origin: Ischial tuberosity; ischium
Insertion: Proximal medial tibia
Action: Pelvis: posterior tilt
Hip: Extension
Knee: Flexion
Nerve: Tibial nerve
63
Q

Semimembranosus

A 
Semimembranosus
Origin: Ischial tuberosity; ischium
Insertion: Medial condyle of the tibia
Action: Pelvis: posterior tilt
Hip: Extension
Knee: Flexion
Nerve: Tibial nerve
64
Q

Pectoralis Major

A

Pectoralis Major
Origin: Medial ½ clavicle, Sternum, Costal cartilages 1-7
Insertion: Lateral lip of the bicipital (intertubercular) groove of the humerus
Action: Shoulder horizontal ADDuction
Shoulder flexion
Shoulder internal rotation
Nerve: Anterior thoracic nn

65
Q

Latissimus Dorsi

A

Latissimus Dorsi
Origin: Posterior iliac crest, Thoracolumbar (thoracodorsal) fascia, Spinous processes T6-T12
Insertion: Medial lip of the bicipital (intertubercular) groove of the humerus
Action: Shoulder extension
Shoulder internal rotation
Shoulder ADDuction
Nerve: Thoracodorsal n

66
Q

Deltoid

A

Deltoid
Origin: Lateral ½ clavicle, Acromion process of scapula, Spine of the scapula
Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity of the humerus
Action: Anterior: Shoulder flexion and shoulder internal rotation
Middle: Shoulder ABDuction
Posterior: Shoulder extension and shoulder external rotation
Nerve: Axillary n

67
Q

Teres Major

A

Teres Major
Origin: Inferior 1/3 lateral border of the scapula
Insertion: Medial lip of the bicipital (intertubercular) groove of the humerus
Action: Shoulder extension
Shoulder internal rotation
Shoulder ADDuction
Nerve: Subscapular n

68
Q

Coracobrachialis

A 
Coracobrachialis
Origin: Coracoid process of the scapula
Insertion: Medial surface proximal humerus
Action: Shoulder flexion
Shoulder ADDuction 
Nerve: Musculocutaneous n
69
Q

Teres Minor

A

Teres Minor
Origin: Middle 1/3 lateral border of the scapula
Insertion: Greater tubercle of the humerus
Action: Increases the integrity/stability of the glenohumeral joint
Shoulder external rotation
Nerve: Axillary n

70
Q

Infraspinatus

A

Infraspinatus
Origin: Infraspinous fossa of the scapula
Insertion: Greater tubercle of the humerus
Action: Increases the integrity/stability of the glenohumeral joint
Shoulder external rotation
Nerve: Suprascapular n

71
Q

Supraspinatus

A

Supraspinatus
Origin: Supraspinous fossa of the scapula
Insertion: Greater tubercle of the humerus
Action: Increases the integrity/stability of the glenohumeral joint
Assists with shoulder ABDuction
Nerve: Suprascapular n

72
Q

Subscapularis

A

Subscapularis
Origin: Subscapular fossa of the scapula
Insertion: Lesser tubercle of the humerus
Action: Increases the integrity/stability of the glenohumeral joint
Shoulder internal rotation
Nerve: Subscapular n

73
Q

Trapezius

A

Trapezius
Origin: Occipital bone, Nuchal ligament, Spinous processes C7-T12
Insertion: Upper: Lateral 1/3 of clavicle and spine of scapula
Middle and Lower: Spine of scapula
Action: Upper: Scapular elevation
Fixed insertion actions: neck lateral flexion, rotation of the head to the contralateral side, neck extension
Middle: Scapular retraction
Lower: Scapular Depression
Nerve: Cervical spinal nerves 2-4 and Cranial nerve XI; Accessory n or Spinal accessory n segments 2-4

74
Q

Pectoralis Minor

A

Pectoralis Minor
Origin: Ribs 2-5 (some sources may note ribs 3-5)
Insertion: Coracoid process of the scapula
Action: Scapular depression, scapular protraction
Fixed insertion action: Elevation of ribs 2-5 (or 3-5)
Nerve: Anterior thoracic n

75
Q

Serratus Anterior

A

Serratus Anterior
Origin: Ribs 1-9 (some sources may note ribs 1-8)
Insertion: Anterior surface, medial border of the scapula
Action: Scapular protraction
Nerve: Long thoracic n

76
Q

Levator Scapulae

A 
Levator Scapulae
Origin: Transverse processes C1-C4
Insertion: Superior angle of the scapula
Action: Scapular elevation
**Fixed insertion action: Neck lateral flexion
Nerve: Dorsal Scapular n
77
Q

Rhomboid Minor and Major

A 
Rhomboid Minor and Major
Origin: Spinous processes C6-T4
Insertion: Medial border of the scapula
Action: Scapular elevation with retraction
Nerve: Dorsal scapular n

A&P 2 (7 decks)

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