Chap 38 & 39

Question 1

The walls of the GI tract are composed of ____ layers of tissue

a. two
b. four
c. five
d. three

Answer 1

b. four

Question 2

All of the following are classified as accessory organs of the digestive system except the:

a. liver
b. pancreas
c. mouth
d. tongue

Answer 2

c. mouth

Question 3

Which of the following organs has a mucosa layer composed of stratified squamous epithelium that resists abrasion?

a. esophagus
b. large intertine
c. stomach
d. small intestine

Answer 3

a. esophagus

Question 4

The flap of tissue suspended from the midpoint of the posterior border of the soft palate is the

a. uvula
b. gingiva
c. fauces
d. frenulum

Answer 4

a. uvula

Question 5

The type of tissue designed for absorption and secretion found throughout much of the GI tract is _____ epithelium

a. stratified squamous
b. simple columnar
c. pseudostratified
s. simple squamous

Answer 5

b. simple columnar

Question 6

A permanent set of teeth normally consists of _____ teeth

a. 36
b. 32
c. 26
d. 30

Answer 6

b. 32

Question 7

Hydrochloric acid is released from cells in the

a. stomach
b. pancreas
c. small intestine
d. large intestine
e. all of the above

Answer 7

a. stomach

Question 8

Which of the following is not associated with the large intestine?

a. appendix
b. transverse colon
c. cecum
d. pyloric sphincter

Answer 8

d. pyloric sphincter

Question 9

The myenteric plexus is found in which layer of the GI wall?

a. serosa
b. muscularis
c. mucosa
d. submucosa

Answer 9

b. muscularis

Question 10

Which of the following is not an anatomical part of the small intestine?

a. duodenum
b. ileum
c. jejunum
d. cecum

Answer 10

d. cecum

Question 11

Which of the following structures is anatomically the longest?

a. esophagus
b. duodenum
c. jejunum
d. ileum

Answer 11

d. ileum

Question 12

Surgical removal of the gallbladder is referred to as:

a. choledochorrhapohy
b. cholecystectomy
c. cholecystitis
d. cholelithiasis

Answer 12

b. cholecystectomy

Question 13

The most essential part of bile is:

a. bile pigments
b. bile salts
c. bilirubin
d. cholesterol

Answer 13

b. bile salts

Question 14

bile is secreted by:

a. hepatic cells
b. Kupffer cells
c. crypts of Lieberkuhn
d. parietal cells

Answer 14

a. hepatic cells

Question 15

An incision into the wall of the GI tract would cut, in order, from superficial to deep

a. serosa, muscularis, submucosa, and mucosa
b. serosa, submucosa, muscularis, and mucosa
c. muscularis, submucosa, mucosa, and serosa.
d. mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, and serosa

Answer 15

a. serosa, muscularis, submucosa, and mucosa

Question 16

Which of the following is not a function of the liver?

a. secretion of insulin
b. detoxification
c. production of bile
d. storage of iron and vitamins

Answer 16

a. secretion of insulin

Question 17

The hormone glucagon is produced by:

a. beat cells
b. Brunner glands
c. alpha cells
d. acinar units

Answer 17

c. alpha cells

Question 18

Which of the following statements is not true?

a. The walls of the gallbladder have rugae similar to the ones found in the stomach wall.
b. The gallbladder can hold between 30 and 50 ml of bile.
c. The gallbladder lies on the undersurface of the liver.
d. The gallbladder empties bile into the stomach to assist in fat digestion.

Answer 18

d. The gallbladder empties bile into the stomach to assist in fat digestion.

Question 19

Which statement explains what happens to toxic substances after detoxification by liver cells?

a. They are used to dilute food and other substances and facilitate mixing of foods in the small intestine.
b. They are changed into nontoxic compounds by a series of chemical reactions.
c. They are used to increase pH for optimum amylase function.
d. Small amounts are carried by mucus and sodium bicarbonate to the small intestine for use in digestion.

Answer 19

b. They are changed into nontoxic compounds by a series of chemical reactions.

Question 20

what are the functions of the digestive system?

Answer 20

ingestion
secretion
mixing & propulsion
digestion 
absorption 
defecation

Question 21

what is Sjogren’s

Answer 21

autoimmune disease with dry ears and dry mouth

Question 22

what is mumps

Answer 22

virus that attacks parotid glands

Question 23

what is tooth decay

Answer 23

gingivitis and periodontitis

Question 24

what is leukoplakia

Answer 24

precancerous

Question 25

what is GERD

Answer 25

reflux of acid

Question 26

what is hiatal hernia

Answer 26

bulging of lower esophagus and LES, stomach into chest area

Question 27

What are gastric glands

Answer 27

a) chief cells- secrete pepsin
b) parietal cells- secrete hydrochloric acid
c) endocrine cells- secrete hormones that increase appetite and influence digestion