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620: Clinical Human Anatomy > Shoulder Region Information > Flashcards

Shoulder Region Information Flashcards

1
Q

Scaption = __ - __ degrees from the horizontal plane

A

25 - 30

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2
Q

The superior angle of the scapula falls at __.

A

T1

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3
Q

The scapular spine falls at __.

A

T2/T3

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4
Q

The inferior angle falls at __.

A

T7

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5
Q

What are the 4 sternoclavicular ligaments?

A

1) Anterior Sternoclavicular Ligament
2) Posterior Sternoclavicular Ligament
3) Anterior Interclavicular Ligament
4) Posterior Interclavicular Ligament

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6
Q

What are the two acromioclavicular ligaments?

A

1) Corococlavicular ligament

2) Corocoacromial ligament

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7
Q

Describe the function of the corococlavicular ligament

A

Suspends the coracoid process of scapula from clavicle, this helps to reinforce the acromioclavicular joint

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8
Q

Describe the function of the Corocoacromial ligament

A

forms coracoacromial arch which protects the shoulder joint superiorly and prevents superior displacement of head of humerus

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9
Q

If damaged which AC ligament results in shoulder separation?

A

corococlavicular ligament

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10
Q

What is the function of the labrum?

A

To stop the movement of the humeral head

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11
Q

Does the labrum repair itself?

A

No, it is cartilage therefore it must be repaired surgically. Usually via SLAP repair

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12
Q

What are the 3 reinforcements of the Shoulder Joint?

A
  • Glenohumeral Ligaments
  • Corocohumeral Ligaments
  • Rotator Cuff
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13
Q

Which shoulder reinforcement closes off the corocoacromial arch? What does this prevent?

A

Corocohumeral Ligaments

This prevents superior displacement from the glenoid cavity

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14
Q

Which ligament holds the biceps tendon into the bicipital groove?

A

Transverse Humeral Ligament

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15
Q

4 Muscles of the RC and in what direction they support?

A

(1) Supraspinatus supports superiorly
(2) Infraspinatus and (3) Teres Minor support inferiorly
(4) Subscapularis supports anteriorly

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16
Q

What aspect is the least supported in the shoulder joint and why?

A

Inferiorly because there are no rotator cuff muscles

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17
Q

What is the most common dislocation?

A

Anterioinferior

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18
Q

What is the clavipectoral fascia?

A

A suspensory ligament of the axilla that connects the clavicle to the floor of the armpit

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19
Q

What is the suprascapular foramen?

A

The rout through which structures pass between the base of the neck and the posterior scapular region

20
Q

What 2 structures form the suprascapular foramen?

A

The suprascapular notch and the suprascapular ligament

21
Q

The suprascapular artery passes ____ the suprascapular nerve

A

Over

22
Q

Describe abduction in those who have a torn rotator cuff

A

They can maintain 90 degress of abduction, but they cannot actively abduct to 90 degrees.

23
Q

The deltoid is most active from __ degree to __ degrees

A

60 - 120

24
Q

what will a weakness in the serratus anterior result in?

A

Winged scapula

25
Q

What muscles are responsible for elevation of the scapula?

A
  • Upper Trapezius

- Levator Scapulae

26
Q

What muscles are responsible for depression of the scapula?

A
  • Pectoralis minor

- Latisimuss Dorsi

27
Q

What muscles are responsible for protraction (abduction) of the scapula?

A
  • Pectoralis minor

- Serratus Anterior

28
Q

What muscles are responsible for retraction (adduction) of the scapula?

A
  • MiddleTrapezius

- Rhomboids

29
Q

What muscles are responsible for upward rotation of the scapula?

A
  • Upper and Lower Traps

- Serratus Anterior

30
Q

What muscles are responsible for downward rotation of the scapula?

A
  • Levator Scapulae
  • Rhomboids
  • Pectoralis Minor
31
Q

What happens at the shoulder girdle when the shoulder joint flexes?

A

Upward rotation and protraction

32
Q

What happens at the shoulder girdle when the shoulder joint extends?

A

Downward rotation and retraction

33
Q

What happens at the shoulder girdle when the shoulder joint hyperextends?

A

Scapular tilt

34
Q

What happens at the shoulder girdle when the shoulder joint abducts?

A

Upward rotation

35
Q

What happens at the shoulder girdle when the shoulder joint adducts?

A

Downward Rotation

36
Q

What happens at the shoulder girdle when the shoulder joint internally rotates?

A

protraction

37
Q

What happens at the shoulder girdle when the shoulder joint externally rotates?

A

retraction

38
Q

What happens at the shoulder girdle when the shoulder joint horizontally abducts?

A

retraction

39
Q

What happens at the shoulder girdle when the shoulder joint horizontally adducts?

A

protraction

40
Q

What are the 2 most common types of shoulder dislocation?

A

1) Anterior (most common)
- occurs when the head of the humerus is forced out of its articular capsule in a forward direction past the glenoid lip and then upward to rest under the coracoid process
2) Downward
- occurs when the head of the humerus is forced into a position below the glenoid cavity

41
Q

What muscles are responsible for flexion of the arm?

A
  • Anterior deltoid

- Pectoralis Major (clavicular head)

42
Q

What muscles are responsible for extension of the arm?

A
  • Posterior Deltoid
  • Latissimus Dorsi
  • Teres Major
  • Pectoralis Major (sternal head)
43
Q

What muscles are responsible for abduction of the arm?

A
  • Middle Deltoid

- Supraspinatus

44
Q

What muscles are responsible for adduction of the arm?

A
  • Pectoralis major
  • Teres major
  • latissimus dorsi
45
Q

What muscles are responsible for external rotation of the arm?

A
  • Infraspinatus
  • Teres Minor
  • Posterior Deltoid
46
Q

What muscles are responsible for internal rotation of the arm?

A
  • Latissimus dorsi
  • teres major
  • subscapularis
  • pectoralis major
  • anterior deltoid

620: Clinical Human Anatomy (29 decks)

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