shoulder - ligaments

Question 1

Sternoclaviciular - anterior

Answer 1

restricts clavicle anterior girdle; retraction

Question 2

Sternoclaviciular - posterior

Answer 2

restricts clavicle Posterior glide; protraction

Question 3

Interclavicular

Answer 3

SCJ

restricts clavicle Superior glide; lateral displacement

Question 4

Intra-articular disc

Answer 4

SCJ

restricts clavicle Medial displacement

Question 5

costoclavicular

Answer 5

SCJ

restricts clavicle Everything except inf displacement

Question 6

Intra-articular disc attachments and function

Answer 6

inferior attachment at 1st costal cartilage
superior attachment at sternal end of clavicle
* improves fit of bone
* resists medial movement

Question 7

Acromioclavicular – superior and inferior

Answer 7

ACJ

restricts all glides of clavicle on acromion

Question 8

Trapezoid ligament (coraclavicular)

Answer 8

ACJ

restricts Scapula moving medial relative to clavicle

Question 9

conoid lig. (coraclavicular )

Answer 9

ACJ

restricts Lateral clavicle moving superiorly (suspends the scapula)

Question 10

Coracoacromial

Answer 10

ACJ

If GHJ is very unstable it can resist the superior migration of the HOH

Question 11

conjunct rotation

Answer 11

consequence of ligament tightening

Question 12

conoid ligament produces upward rotation of the clavicle.

Answer 12

upward rot. tightens conoid lig. and pulls conoid tubercle inferiorly= up. rotation of scap
* allows for minimal movement required at SC and AC joints

Question 13

common mechanism of ACJ dislocation & the role of the coracoclavicular ligaments.

Answer 13

force on shoulder > scap forced under clavicle

> distrupts trapezoid and conoid lig.

Question 14

avulsion fracture of the coracoid process

Answer 14

• common with an ACJ dislocation

- coracoid lig. is strong so will tear at attachment instead

Question 15

SCJ vs ACJ joint dislocations

Answer 15

ACJ dislocations are more common cause shape alows gliding therefore easier to move

Question 16

glenoid fossa

Answer 16

lateral to vertebra but medial to humerus

Question 17

glenoid labrum

Answer 17

attaches to margin of glenoid fossa. Is made of fibrocartilage and it increases articular contact area, deformable, attachment site for long biceps tendon

Question 18

Transverse humeral ligament

Answer 18

helps stabilise humeral head in joint

Question 19

GHJ capsular ligaments:

Answer 19

superior glenohumeral ligament (SGHL)
o middle glenohumeral ligament (MGHL)
o inferior glenohumeral ligament complex (IGHLC) – has anterior & posterior bands with a loose axillary pouch between them to resist anterior dislocation when 90˚ abduction externally rotated.

Question 20

coracohumeral/glenohumeral ligs.

Answer 20

provide the main resistance to Inferior translation of the humeral head when the upper limb is adducted

Question 21

GHJ

Answer 21

multiaxial ball and socket
most mobile and most commonly dislocated joint in the body.
Anterior-inferior dislocation is by far the most common.

Question 22

Inferior GH ligament complex

Answer 22

esists anterior / inferior translation of the humeral head on the glenoid when the upper limb is in a position of 900 abduction + external rotation

Question 23

coracoacromial arch

Answer 23

the space under the coracoacromial ligament

formed (anteriorly to posteriorly) by the coracoid process, coracoacromial ligament, and acromion.

Question 24

subacromial space

Answer 24

area between this arch and the humeral head. The rotator cuff tendons run through this space, a bursa and the acromium during overhead activities.