Shoulder Girdle bones and joints Flashcards
name the two bones which make up the shoulder girdle.
- scapula
- clavicle
what shape is the clavicle?
’s’ shaped
which side of the shoulder is the clavicle located? (posterior/anterior)
the clavicle is located on the anterior side of the shoulder
What does the lateral end of the clavicle articulate to?
the acromion process, a piece of bone located on the scapula
what joint connects the lateral end of the clavicle and the acromion process?
the acromioclavicular joint
what is another name for the lateral end of the clavicle bone?
the acromial end (because it articulates with the acromion process)
what is another name for the medial end of the clavicle bone?
the sternal end (because it articulates with the sternum)
which side of the shoulder is the scapula located? (posterior/anterior)
the scapula is located on the posterior side of the shoulder
what does the medial/sternal end of the clavicle articulate to?
the manubrium of the sternum (the most superior bony section)
what joint connects the clavicle to the manubrium of the sternum?
the sterno-clavicular joint
what does the sternoclavicular joint do?
- anchors the shoulder girdle to the axial skeleton
- allows and enhances movements of the shoulder and upper limb
what type of bone is the clavicle?
a long bone
what ligament indirectly supports the sternoclavicular joint?
the costoclavicular ligament (costo = rib)
- this ligament spans the sternal end of the clavicle and the underlying first rib
why is the clavicle the most commonly fractured bone in the body?
because of the force exerted on the clavicle when a person falls onto their outstretched arm
Name the three borders of the scapula
- superior border
- medial border
- lateral border
where is the superior angle of the scapula located?
between the medial and superior borders
where is the inferior angle of the scapula located?
between the medial and lateral borders
what is located between the superior and lateral borders of the scapula?
the glenoid cavity (glenoid fossa)
what does the glenoid fossa and the humerus bone of the arm articulate to form?
the glenohumeral joint
Name the two prominent bone projections of the scapula
- coracoid process
- acromial process/ acromion
where on the scapula is the coracoid process located?
toward the lateral end of the superior border, between the supra scapular notch and the globoid cavity
what are the depressions (fossae) of the scapula called? (3)
what do they provide?
- supraspinous fossa
- infraspinous fossa
- sub scapular fossa
these fossae provide large surface areas for the attachment of muscles that cross the shoulder joint to act on the humerus
what does the acromioclavicular joint do?
- articulates the acromion with the clavicle
- transmits forces from the upper limb to the clavicle
what does the coracoclavicular ligament provide support to?
the acromioclavicular joint
what does the proximal, ball shaped end of the humerus articulate with?
the glenoid cavity of the scapula
what does the distal end of the humerus articulate with? and where?
at the elbow, with the radius and ulna
what is the rough part midway on the shaft of the humerus bone called?
what is it for?
this roughened area is called the deltoid tuberosity
it is where the deltoid tendon attatches
what do the tubercles of the humerus look like?
they are the bony divisions of the proximal end of the humerus
the lesser tubercle lies more…
anteriorly
the greater tubercle lies more…
anteriorly
The coronoid fossa is the anterior depression on the Humerus bone.
what fits into this depression during forearm flexion?
the coronoid process of the ulna
the olecranon fossa is the posterior depression on the humerus.
what fits into here during forearm flexion?
the olecranon of the ulna
what are the medial and lateral epicondyles of the humerus?
- shape
- purpose
- location
- bony projections
- site of forearm muscle attachment
- located at the distal end of the humerus
