Shoulder Girdle bones and joints

Question 1

name the two bones which make up the shoulder girdle.

Answer 1

• scapula
• clavicle

Question 2

what shape is the clavicle?

Answer 2

’s’ shaped

Question 3

which side of the shoulder is the clavicle located? (posterior/anterior)

Answer 3

the clavicle is located on the anterior side of the shoulder

Question 4

What does the lateral end of the clavicle articulate to?

Answer 4

the acromion process, a piece of bone located on the scapula

Question 5

what joint connects the lateral end of the clavicle and the acromion process?

Answer 5

the acromioclavicular joint

Question 6

what is another name for the lateral end of the clavicle bone?

Answer 6

the acromial end (because it articulates with the acromion process)

Question 7

what is another name for the medial end of the clavicle bone?

Answer 7

the sternal end (because it articulates with the sternum)

Question 8

which side of the shoulder is the scapula located? (posterior/anterior)

Answer 8

the scapula is located on the posterior side of the shoulder

Question 9

what does the medial/sternal end of the clavicle articulate to?

Answer 9

the manubrium of the sternum (the most superior bony section)

Question 10

what joint connects the clavicle to the manubrium of the sternum?

Answer 10

the sterno-clavicular joint

Question 11

what does the sternoclavicular joint do?

Answer 11

• anchors the shoulder girdle to the axial skeleton
• allows and enhances movements of the shoulder and upper limb

Question 12

what type of bone is the clavicle?

Answer 12

a long bone

Question 13

what ligament indirectly supports the sternoclavicular joint?

Answer 13

the costoclavicular ligament (costo = rib)
- this ligament spans the sternal end of the clavicle and the underlying first rib

Question 14

why is the clavicle the most commonly fractured bone in the body?

Answer 14

because of the force exerted on the clavicle when a person falls onto their outstretched arm

Question 15

Name the three borders of the scapula

Answer 15

• superior border
• medial border
• lateral border

Question 16

where is the superior angle of the scapula located?

Answer 16

between the medial and superior borders

Question 17

where is the inferior angle of the scapula located?

Answer 17

between the medial and lateral borders

Question 18

what is located between the superior and lateral borders of the scapula?

Answer 18

the glenoid cavity (glenoid fossa)

Question 19

what does the glenoid fossa and the humerus bone of the arm articulate to form?

Answer 19

the glenohumeral joint

Question 20

Name the two prominent bone projections of the scapula

Answer 20

• coracoid process
• acromial process/ acromion

Question 21

where on the scapula is the coracoid process located?

Answer 21

toward the lateral end of the superior border, between the supra scapular notch and the globoid cavity

Question 22

what are the depressions (fossae) of the scapula called? (3)

what do they provide?

Answer 22

• supraspinous fossa
• infraspinous fossa
• sub scapular fossa

these fossae provide large surface areas for the attachment of muscles that cross the shoulder joint to act on the humerus

Question 23

what does the acromioclavicular joint do?

Answer 23

• articulates the acromion with the clavicle
• transmits forces from the upper limb to the clavicle

Question 24

what does the coracoclavicular ligament provide support to?

Answer 24

the acromioclavicular joint

Question 25

what does the proximal, ball shaped end of the humerus articulate with?

Answer 25

the glenoid cavity of the scapula

Question 26

what does the distal end of the humerus articulate with? and where?

Answer 26

at the elbow, with the radius and ulna

Question 27

what is the rough part midway on the shaft of the humerus bone called?

what is it for?

Answer 27

this roughened area is called the deltoid tuberosity

it is where the deltoid tendon attatches

Question 28

what do the tubercles of the humerus look like?

Answer 28

they are the bony divisions of the proximal end of the humerus

Question 29

the lesser tubercle lies more…

Answer 29

anteriorly

Question 30

the greater tubercle lies more…

Answer 30

anteriorly

Question 31

The coronoid fossa is the anterior depression on the Humerus bone.

what fits into this depression during forearm flexion?

Answer 31

the coronoid process of the ulna

Question 32

the olecranon fossa is the posterior depression on the humerus.

what fits into here during forearm flexion?

Answer 32

the olecranon of the ulna

Question 33

what are the medial and lateral epicondyles of the humerus?

• shape
• purpose
• location

Answer 33

• bony projections
• site of forearm muscle attachment
• located at the distal end of the humerus