Muscles around the Shoulder Girdle Flashcards
how many muscles cross the the surfaces (anterior + posterior) of the scapula?
6
Name all 6 muscles that cross the surfaces of the scapula
HINT: T, Ls, Rm, RM, Sa, Pm
- trapezius
- levator scapulae
- rhomboid minor + major
- serrates anterior
- pectoralis minor
what movements do the 6 muscles crossing the surfaces of the scapula allow you do do?
- elevation
- depression
- protraction
- retraction
- rotation of the scapula
Name the three triangular portions of the Trapezius (most superficial muscle on the back)
- Upper
- Middle
- Lower
what muscle lies deep to the upper fibres of the trapezius?
Levator Scapula
Which muscles lie deep to the middle fibres of the trapezius?
Rhomboid minor and major
what do Rhomboid minor and major do?
work as one to pull the scapula back in retraction
describe the shape and location of Serratus anterior (muscle)
- saw-toothed shape
- origin along the ribs
- lies deep to the scapula
what are the two main roles of Serratus anterior?
- produces protraction (increased the forward reach of the arm)
- supports abduction of the humerus (upper fibres) and lateral rotation of humerus
Where is Pectoralis Minor located?
- Deep to Pectorals Major
- Origins on the 3rd, 4th and 5th ribs (upward direction towards to coracoid process of the scapula)
what does Pectoralis Minor have a role in?
respiration
Describe the main components and function of the Rotator Cuff
- 4 deep shoulder muscles
- Form a circle of tendons around the shoulder joint like a cuff on a shirtsleeve
- Strengthen and stabilise the shallow shoulder joint
- Acts to join the scapula to the humerus
Name the 4 muscles that make up the Rotator Cuff
- Supra spinatus
- Infra spinatus
- Teres minor
- Sub scapularis
Name the muscles that enable Retraction
- Rhomboid major/minor
- Trapezius
Name the muscles that enable Protraction
- Serratus anterior
- Pectoralis minor
Name the muscles that enable Elevation
- Trapezius (upper)
- Levator scapulae
Name the muscles that enable Depression
- Pectoralis minor
- Trapezius (lower)
Name the muscles that enable Lateral rotation
- Trapezius
- Serratus anterior
Name the muscles that enable Medial rotation
- Rhomboid major / minor
- Levator scapulae
- Pectoralis minor
Describe the role of the Deltoid muscle
- powerful abductor of the arm
- controls the movement of adduction
- supports movement of the humerus
- role in supporting the upper limb under load
Describe the type of movements that Pectoralis Major enable
- reaching forward
- reaching up
- pulling down
- most ball sports
- moving arm across the midline
Describe the shape of Pectoralis Major
Where is it located?
- large triangular muscle
- covers much of the superior surface of the chest
what has a large origin in the lower back/thorax and wraps around the trunk to form the posterior wall of the axilla (armpit)?
Latissimus Dorsi
what type of movement can Latissimus Dorsi undergo?
- extension
- adduction
- medial rotation
In what kind of activities is Latissimus Dorsi activated?
- using crutches
- climbing
- typing apron behind the back
- pulling down a blind
what Muscles in the upper limb/shoulder work together to support adduction, reverse hyperextension and have a role in arm swing while walking?
Teres Major
and
Coracobracialis
