Shoulder Girdle

Question 1

what classification of bone is the scapula?

Answer 1

Flat

Question 2

which classification of bone is the clavicle?

Answer 2

Long

Question 3

what is the name of the fossa on the anterior surface of the scapula?

Answer 3

Subscapular [fossa]

Question 4

which border of the scapula extends from the glenoid cavity to the inferior angle?

Answer 4

Lateral

Question 5

which border of the scapula extends from the superior angle to the inferior angle?

Answer 5

Medial

Question 6

of which part of the scapula is the acromion an extension?

Answer 6

Spine

Question 7

where is the coracoid process located in reference to the body of the scapula?

Answer 7

Lateral and superior

Question 8

which borders of the scapula unite to form the superior angle?

Answer 8

Medial and superior [borders]

Question 9

which borders of the scapula unite to form the inferior angle?

Answer 9

Medial and Lateral [borders]

Question 10

where is the scapular notch located?

Answer 10

Superior border

Question 11

which joint is a ball and socket joint?

Answer 11

scapulohumeral

Question 12

which portion of the scapula articulates with the humeral head?

Answer 12

Glenoid fossa

Question 13

which portion of the scapula articulates with the clavicle?

Answer 13

Acromion

Question 14

when performing AP projection of the shoulder, where should the central ray be directed?

Answer 14

1 inch (2.5 cm) inferior to the coracoid process

Question 15

with reference to the plane of the IR, how should the humeral epicondyles be positioned for the AP projection of the shoulder with the shoulder in external rotation?

Answer 15

Parrallel

Question 16

with reference to the plane of the IR, how should the humeral epicondyles be positioned for the AP projection of the shoulder with the shoulder in internal rotation?

Answer 16

Perpendicular

Question 17

with reference to the plane of the IR, how should the humeral epicondyles be positioned for the AP projection of the shoulder with the shoulder in neutral rotation?

Answer 17

45 degrees medial oblique

Question 18

which projection of the shoulder best demonstrates the greater tubercle of the humerus in profile?

Answer 18

AP projection with external rotation

Question 19

which projection of the shoulder best demonstrates the humeral head in profile?

Answer 19

AP projection with external rotation

Question 20

which projection of the shoulder best demonstrates the lesser tubercle of the humerus in profile and pointing toward the glenoid cavity?

Answer 20

AP projection with internal rotation

Question 21

which projection of the shoulder is being performed when the patient is supine with the right shoulder centered on the IR, a vertical central ray is being directed perpendicular to the center of the IR, and the humeral epicoidyles are parallel with the plane of the IR?

Answer 21

AP projection with external rotation

Question 22

what should be adjusted from the regular procedure for the transthoracic lateral projection (Lawrence method) of the humerus if the patient is unable to elevate the unaffected arm?

Answer 22

Central ray angulation

Question 23

which projection of the upper limb should be performed to demonstrate a fracture of the proximal humerus when that arm cannot be abducted?

Answer 23

Transthoracic lateral projection (Lawrence method) of the humerus

Question 24

when performing the transthoracic lateral projection (Lawrence method) of the humerus, which breathing technique should be used to best improve the image contrast and decrease the exposure necessary to penetrate the body?

Answer 24

Suspended full inspiratoin

Question 25

which projection of the shoulder requires that a horizontal central ray be directed 15-30 degrees medially and enter the axilla of the affected arm?

Answer 25

Inferosuperior axial projection (Lawrence method)

Question 26

what is the proper position of the humerus for the inferosuperior axial projection?

Answer 26

Abducted to a right angle and externally rotated

Question 27

how should the central ray be directed for the PA oblique projection (scapular Y) of the shoulder?

Answer 27

Perpendicular to the IR

Question 28

In which body position should the patient be placed to demonstrate the left shoulder with the PA oblique projection (scapular Y)?

Answer 28

Left anterior bolique

Question 29

which projection of the shoulder joint requires the patient to be rotated until the midcoronal plane forms an angle of 45 to 60 degrees with the plane of the IR?

Answer 29

PA oblique projection (scapular Y)

Question 30

where is the humerus generally demonstrated on a PA oblique shoulder (Scapular Y) image if the shoulder is normal?

Answer 30

Superimposed on the junction of the acromion and coracoid process

Question 31

where is the humeral head usually seen on a PA oblique (Scapular Y) image if the shoulder is anteriorly dislocated?

Answer 31

Beneath the coracoid process

Question 32

which projection of the shoulder girdle is performed with the patient supine, an IR placed vertically against the superior surface of the shoulder, and the central ray angled 10-15 degrees posteriorly (downward from horizontal)?

Answer 32

Tangential for the intertubercular groove

Question 33

which projection will demonstrate the scapulohumeral joint space open and the glenoid cavity in profile?

Answer 33

AP oblique projection (Grashey method)

Question 34

what would be the required patient position to demonstrate the left shoulder using the AP oblique projection (Grashey) method?

Answer 34

35-45 degrees LPO

Question 35

when demonstrating the intertubercular groove with the Fisk modification of the tangential projection, how should the affected humerus be positioned?

Answer 35

the vertical humerus should form an angle of 10-15 degrees

Question 36

if the patient’s condition permits, which joint should be demonstated with the patient in an upright position?

Answer 36

Acromioclavicular

Question 37

how many degrees and in which direction should the central ray be directed for the PA axial projection of the clavicle?

Answer 37

15-30 degrees caudad

Question 38

how many degrees and in which direction should the central ray be directed for the AP axial projection of the clavicle with the patient supine?

Answer 38

15-30 degrees cephalad

Question 39

when performing the AP projection of the scapula the central ray should be directed toward a point 2 inches (5cm) _____ to the coracoid process.

Answer 39

Inferior

Question 40

when performing a lateral projection of the scapula with the patient positioned right anterior oblique (RAO) or left anterior (LAO), approximately how much body rotation is necessary for the average patient?

Answer 40

45-60 degrees