Abdomen

Question 1

the abdomen is divided into two cavities. The inferior cavity is the:

Answer 1

Pelvic

Question 2

The liver, stomach, and pancreas are located in the:

Answer 2

Abdominal cavity

Question 3

the portions of the peritomeum that function to support the viscera of the abdomen in position are the:

Answer 3

mesentery and omenta folds

Question 4

which structure forms the mesentery and omenta folds?

Answer 4

Peritoneum

Question 5

which three projections usually comprise the acute abdomen series for ambulatory patients?

Answer 5

Supine KUB, AP upright abdomen, and Pa chest

Question 6

To which level of the patient should the central ray be centered for the KUB?

Answer 6

Iliac crests

Question 7

For the AP upright abdomen radiograph of an adult of average size, why should the centering be slightly higher than the centering level used for the supine KUB radiograph?

Answer 7

To include the diaghragm

Question 8

For the KUB radiograph, when should respiration be suspended, and what effect will that have on the patient?

Answer 8

On full expiration; elevate the diaghragm

Question 9

why is it desirable to include the diaphragm in the upright abdomen radiograph?

Answer 9

to demonstrate free air in the abdomen

Question 10

which projection should be used to demonstrate free air within the abdominal cavity when the patient is unable to stand for an upright abdomen radiograph?

Answer 10

AP projection, left lateral decubitus position

Question 11

which projection does NOT demonstrate free air levels within the abdomen?

Answer 11

AP projection with the patient supine

Question 12

What is the major advantage of the PA projection of the abdomen over the AP projection of the abdomen?

Answer 12

The PA projection reduces the exposure dose to the gonads

Question 13

which radiographic position of the abdomen requires that the patient be placed in the lateral recumbent position on his or her left side and that the horizontal central ray be directed along the midsagittal plane, entering the anterior surface of the patient’s abdomen at the level of the iliac crests?

Answer 13

Left lateral decubitus

Question 14

which radiographic position of the abdomen requires that the patient be supine and that the central ray be directed to a lateral side of the patient, entering slightly anterior to the midcoronal plane?

Answer 14

Dorsal decubitus

Question 15

which rad position of the abdomen requires that the patient be placed in the lateral recumbent position on his or her left side, that the IR be placed under the patient and centered to the abdomen at the level of the iliac crests, and that the central ray be directed to enter the right side of the patient slightly anterior tot he midcoronal plane?

Answer 15

Left lateral

Question 16

the lateral projection with the patient placed in the dorsal decubitus position, the left lateral projection, and the left lateral decubitus position of the abdomen all require which of the following?

Answer 16

the patient should suspend respiration after expiration

Question 17

for the lateral projection with the patient placed in the dorsal decubitus position, where should the central ray enter the patient?

Answer 17

2 inches (5cm) anterior to the midcoronal plane and 2 inches (5cm) above the level of the iliac crests.

Question 18

for the lateral projection with the patient placed in the dorsal decubitus position, which procedure should be performed to ensure that the entire abdomen is included on the radiograph?

Answer 18

Use support cushions to elevate the patient

Question 19

which structures should be examined to see whether the patient was rotated for a lateral projection of the abdomen?

Answer 19

Pelvis and lumbar vertebrae

Question 20

how is proper patient alignment evaluated on an AP projection, supine position (KUB) image of the abdomen?

Answer 20

The vertebral column is centered in the collimated field

Question 21

which of the following is evaluated to check for rotation on an AP projection, supine position image of the abdomen/

Answer 21

The ala of the ilia are symmetric

Question 22

which side must be demonstrated on a AP abdomen with the patient positioned in a left lateral decubitus when a pneumoperitoneum is suspected?

Answer 22

Right

Question 23

which side must be demonstrated on an AP abdomen with the patient positioned in a left lateral decubitus when fluid accumulation is being evaluated?

Answer 23

Left

Question 24

The contrast of an AP projection image of the abdominal must be sufficient to demonstrate the soft tissues of the:

Answer 24

1,2, and 3

Question 25

an acute abdominal series may be ordered for all of the following reasons, EXCEPT TO:

Answer 25

Use as preliminary exam before contrast administration