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RADIOGRAPHIC POSITIONING 1 > SHOULDER GIRDLE > Flashcards

SHOULDER GIRDLE Flashcards

1
Q

Enumerate the three (3) rotations involved for AP Projection of the Shoulder:

A
  1. External Rotation Humerus
  2. Neutral Rotation Humerus
  3. Internal Rotation Humerus
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2
Q

Fill the following relationships of the provided Shoulder AP Projection variations with the plane of the IR:

External =
Neutral =
Internal =

A

External = PARALLEL

Neutral = OBLIQUE

Internal = PERPENDICULAR

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2
Q

RP for AP Projection of Shoulder

A

1 inch inferior to the Coracoid Process

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2
Q

A method used when trauma exists and the arm cannot be rotated or abducted because of an injury

A

Lawrence Method

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3
Q

Fill the provided Shoulder AP Projection variations with their respective structures to be shown

External =
Neutral =
Internal =

A

External = HUMERAL HEAD

Neutral = GREATER TUBERCLE

Internal = LESSER TUBERCLE

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4
Q

Which Lawrence Method POSITION is much easier for trauma patients as it also facilitates accurate adjustment of the shoulder

A

Upright

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5
Q

RP for Lawrence Method

A

Midcoronal Plane

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6
Q

If the patient cannot elevate the unaffected shoulder for Lawrence method, angle the central ray _______

A

10 - 15 Degrees Cephalad

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7
Q

Enumerate the four (4) variations for Inferosuperior Axial Projection of the Shoulder Joint:

A
  1. Lawrence Method
  2. Rafert Modification
  3. West-point Method
  4. Clements Modification
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7
Q

Which two structures can be seen laterally with the Lawrence method ?

A
  1. Shoulder
  2. Proximal Humerus
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8
Q

The patient is in supine position with the head turned away and the humerus in external rotation

A

Lawrence Method

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9
Q

CR and RP for Lawrence Method - Shoulder Joint

A

CR = 15 and 30 Degrees Medially

RP = Axilla to the Region of the Acromioclavicular Articulation

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10
Q

Used to locate Hill-Sachs defect through applying exaggerated external rotation of the arm

A

Rafert Modification

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11
Q

A pronated inferosuperior axial projection method for the shoulder joint wherein the affected arm is abducted 90 degrees.

A

West-point Method

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12
Q

CR and RP for West-point Method

A

CR = 25 Degrees Anteriorly and 25 Degrees Medially

RP = 5 Inches Inferior and 1.5 Inches Medial to the Acromial Edge and Exiting the Glenoid Cavity

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13
Q

CR for AP Axial Projection of Shoulder Joint

A

35 Degrees Cephalad

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14
Q

This is useful in diagnosing cases of posterior dislocation

A

Shoulder Joint - AP Axial Projection

15
Q

A projection useful for the evaluation of suspected shoulder dislocations

A

Scapular Y - PA Oblique Projection - RAO / LAO Position

16
Q

Midcoronal plane angulation for Scapular Y PA Oblique Projection

A

45 - 60 Degrees

17
Q

Anterior Dislocations = The humeral head is beneath the ________ process

Posterior Dislocations = The humeral head is beneath the _______ process

A

Anterior = CORACOID process

Posterior = ACROMION process

18
Q

What projection shows the joint space between the humeral head and the glenoid cavity through abducting the arm slightly in internal rotation and placing the palm of the hand on the abdomen ?

A

AP Oblique Projection - Grashey Method - RPO/LPO Position

19
Q

RP for Grashey Method

A

Glenoid Cavity

(2 inches Medial and 2 inches Inferior to the Superolateral Border of the Shoulder)

20
Q

What method is similar to the Grashey Method but uses weighted abduction to demonstrate a loss of articular cartilage in the scapulohumeral joint ?

A

Apple Method

20
Q

What projection and method is used to evaluate acute shoulder trauma and for identifying posterior scapulohumeral dislocations, glenoid fractures, Hill-Sachs lesions, and soft-tissue calcifications ?

A

AP Axial Oblique Projection - Garth Method - RPO/LPO Position

20
Q

CR and RP for Apple Method

A

CR = Perpendicular
RP = Coracoid Process

21
Q

CR and RP for Garth Method

A

CR = 45 Degrees Caudad
RP = Scapulohumeral Joint

22
Q

Projection and method used to demonstrate dislocation, separation, and function of the joints

A

AP Projection - Bilateral - Pearson Method

23
Q

SID for Bilateral - Pearson Method

A

72 Inches (183 cm)

24
Q

Projection and method which project the acromioclavicular joint and clavicle above the acromion

A

AP Axial Projection - Alexander Method

25
Q

CR and RP for AP Axial Projection - Alexander Method

A

CR = 15 Degrees
RP = Coracoid Process

25
Q

Projection and method used to demonstrate the acromioclavicular joint and the relationship of the bones of the shoulder

A

PA Axial Oblique Projection - Alexander Method

26
Q

CR and RP for PA Axial Oblique Projection - Alexander Method

A

CR = 15 Degrees Caudad
RP = Acromioclavicular Joint

27
Q

Projection that provides frontal image of the clavicle

BONUS Ques: What is the RP of the aforementioned projection ?

A

AP Projection
RP = Midshaft of the Clavicle

28
Q

Clavicle projection most useful when improved recorded detail is desired as it brings the clavicle to the IR, thus reducing OID

A

PA Projection

29
Q

What projection leans the patient backward in a position of extreme lordosis, with the neck rested and shoulder against the VCH ?

A

AP Axial Projection - Lordotic Position

30
Q

Complete the following CR angulations for the provided AP Axial Projection variations of the Clavicle:

AP Axial - Lordotic =
AP Standing =
AP Recumbent =

A

AP Axial - Lordotic = Perpendicular

AP Standing = 0 - 15 Degrees

AP Recumbent = 15 - 30 Degrees

31
Q

In the AP Projection of the Scapula, the body must not be rotated towards the affected side because the resultant obliquity would ______ the effect of drawing the scapula ______

A
  1. Offset
  2. Laterally
32
Q

CR and RP for AP Scapula

A

CR = Perpendicular

RP = Midscapular Area (2 inches inferior to the Coracoid Process)

32
Q

For delineation of the acromion and coracoid process, have the patient _______ and _________

A
  1. Flex the elbow
  2. Place the back of the hand on the posterior thorax
32
Q

For demonstration of the body of the scapula, ask the patient to ______ and ________ on the head or across the upper chest by grasping the opposite shoulder

A
  1. Extend the arm upward
  2. Rest the forearm
32
Q

What are the two methods for PA Oblique projection of the Scapula ?

A
  1. Lorenz Method
  2. Lilienfeld Method

RADIOGRAPHIC POSITIONING 1 (6 decks)

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