Shoulder & Arm (Chapter 2) Exam III Flashcards
The shoulder complex is made up of ?
The clavicle, scapula, and humerus
What is the triangle shaped muscle located on the cap of the shoulder?
Deltoid
What actions does the Deltoid execute?
Abduct the shoulder, Flex the shoulder, Medially rotate the shoulder, Horizontally abduct the shoulder, Extend the shoulder, Laterally Rotate the shoulder, Horizontally abduct the shoulder.
What is the origin of the Deltoid?
Lateral one third of the clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula
What is the insertion of the Deltoid?
Deltoid Tuberosity
What muscle’s broad, thin fibers blanket the shoulders, attaching to the occiput, lateral clavicle, scapula, and spinous processes of the thoracic vertebrae?
Trapezius
What actions does the Trapezius execute?
Extend the head and the neck, Laterally flex the head and neck to the same side, Rotate the head and the neck to the opposite side, Elevate the scapula, upwardly rotate the scapula, Adduct the scapula, Stabilize the scapula, Depress the scapula, Upwardly rotate the scapula
What is the origin of the Trapezius?
External occiptial protuberance, medial portion of superior nuchal line of the occiput, Ligamentum nuchae and spinous processes
What is the insertion of the Trapezius?
Lateral one-third of clavicle, acromion and spine of the scapula
When do you use your Trapezius?
Holding a phone in between your shoulder and ear, Carrying articles strapped across the shoulder, pulling shoulders posteriorly in a military fashion
What is the broadest muscle of the back?
Latissimus Dorsi
What is referred to as “lat’s little helper” ?
Teres Major
What actions does the latissimus dorsi execute?
extend the shoulder, adduct the shoulder, medially rotate the shoulder
What is the origin of the latissimus dorsi?
inferior angle of the scapula, spinous processes of last six thoracic vertebrae, last three or four ribs, thoracolumbar aponeurosis and posterior iliac crest
What is the insertion of the latissimus dorsi?
intertubercular groove of the humerus
What actions does the Teres Major execute?
Extend the shoulder, Adduct the shoulder, medially rotate the shoulder
What is the origin of the Teres Major?
Inferior angle and lower one third of lateral border of the scapula
What is the insertion of the Teres Major?
Crest of the lesser tubercle of the humerus
When do you use your latissimus dorsi and teres major?
Steering a kayak with a paddle, Unzipping the back of your dress, walking with crutches, climbing up a rope when storming a castle
What are the rotator cuff muscles; which encompass and stabilize the glenohumeral joint
(SITS) Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres Minor, and Subscapularis
What muscle within the Rotator Cuff Muscles is not involved in shoulder rotation?
Supraspinatus
What actions does the supraspinatus complete ?
Ab-duct the shoulder, Stabilize the head of the humerus in glenoid cavity
What is the origin of Supraspinatus?
Supraspinous fossa of the scapula
What is the insertion of Supraspinatus?
Greater tubercle of the humerus
What actions does Teres MInor complete?
Laterally rotate the shoulder, Adduct the shoulder,
Stabilize the head of the humerus
What actions does the Infraspinatus execute ?
Laterally rotate the shoulder, adduct the shoulder, stabilize the head of the humerus in glenoid cavity
What is the origin of the infraspinatus?
Infraspinous fossa of the scapula
what is the insertion of the infraspinatus?
Greater tubercle of the humerus
What actions does the subscapularis execute?
medially rotate the shoulder, stabilize the head of the humerus
what is the origin of the subscapularis?
subscapular fossa of the scapula
what is the insertion of the subscapularis ?
Lesser Tubercle of the Humerus
What actions do the Rhomboid Major and Minor execute?
Adduct the scapula, Elevate the scapula, Downwardly rotate the scapula
What is the origin of the Rhomboid Major?
Spinous processes of T-2 to T-5
What is the origin of the Rhomboid Minor?
Spinous processes of C-7 to T-1
What is the insertion of the Rhomboid Major?
Medial border of the scapula between the spine of the scapula and inferior angle
What is the insertion of the Rhomboid Minor ?
Upper portion of medial border of the scapula, across from the spine of the scapula
What actions does the Levator Scapula execute?
Elevate the scapula, Downwardly rotate the scapula, Laterally flex the head and neck, Rotate the head and neck to the same side
What is the origin of the Levator Scapula?
Transverse processes of first through fourth cervical vertebrae
What is the insertion of the Levator Scapula?
Medial border of scapula, between superior angle and superior portion of spine of scapula
When do you use your Levator Scapula?
Rotating head when changing lanes in traffic, Holding a phone between your ear and shoulder, Lying on your side, Snuggling your head into your pillow
What muscle is always well developed on superheroes?
Serratus Anterior
What actions does the serratus anterior execute?
ab-duct the scapula, upwardly rotate the scapula, depress the scapula, hold the medial border of the scapula against the rib cage, (may act to elevate the thorax during forced inhalation)
What is the origin of the serratus anterior?
external surfaces of upper eight or nine ribs
what is the insertion of the serratus anterior?
anterior surfaces of medial border of the scapula
When do you use your serratus anterior muscle?
Doing a push up, Throwing a punch, Pushing open a swinging door
What muscle is only present in roughly 5% population?
Sternalis
What does the pectoralis major muscle do?
adduct the shoulder, medially rotate the shoulder, assist to elevate the thorax during forced inhalation, flex the shoulder, horizontally adduct the shoulder, extend the shoulder
What is the origin of the pectoralis major muscle?
Medial half of the clavicle, sternum and cartilage of first through sixth ribs
What is the insertion of the pectoralis major muscle?
Crest of greater tubercle of humerus
When do you use your pectoralis major muscle?
doing a chin-up, using almost any swim stroke invented, sawing a piece of wood (both directions)
What muscle helps to elevate the rib cage for inhalation during aerobic activity?
Pectoralis Minor
What is the origin of the pectoralis minor ?
third, fourth and fifth ribs
what is the insertion of the pectoralis minor?
medial surface of coracoid porcess of the scapula
when do you use the pectoralis minor muscle?
throwing a punch, reaching into a deep front pocket, taking a deep inhalation
what is the small secondary muscle that is located underneath the clavicle?
Subclavius
what actions does the subclavius execute?
depress the clavicle and draw it anteriorly, elevate the first rib, stabilize the sternoclavicular joint
What is the origin of the Subclavius ?
first rib and cartilage
What is the insertion of the Subclavius?
inferior surface of middle one-third of clavicle
What actions do Biceps Brachii execute?
flex the elbow, supinate the forearm, and flex the shoulder
What is the insertion of Biceps Brachii?
Tuberosity of the radius and aponeurosis of the bicpes brachii
What is the origin of the Biceps Brachii?
Coracoid process of scapula, supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
When do you use the biceps brachii?
holding a heavy hymnal while singing in the church choir, with you right arm using a screwdriver to tighten a screw, carrying an infant in your arms in a cradled positioin
What is the only muscle located on the posterior arm?
Triceps Brachii
What is the origin of the triceps brachii?
infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula, posterior surface of proximal half of the humerus, posterior surface of distal half of the humerus
What is the insertion of the tricpes brachii?
olecranon process of ulna
when do you use your triceps brachii?
slamming the trunk of a car, pounding in large nails with a big ol’ hammer, raising your body during the up phase of a push-up, dribbling a basketball
What muscle is known as the armpit muscle?
Coracobrachialis
What is the origin of coracobrachialis?
coracoid process of the scapula
What actions does the coracobrachialis execute?
flex the shoulder, adduct the shoulder
what is the insertion of coracobrachialis ?
medial surface of mid-humeral shaft
what is the cone shaped area commonly referred to as the armpit and is formed by four walls?
Axilla
