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KIN 441: Foundational Anatomy and Skills for the Upper Extremity > Pelvis and Thigh (Chapter 6) Exam II > Flashcards

Pelvis and Thigh (Chapter 6) Exam II Flashcards

1
Q

What is the longest , heaviest, and strongest bone in the body?

A

Femur (pg. 278)

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2
Q

In what way does the female and male shape of the pelvis differ?

A

Female has a broader hip for carrying and delivering a child. A wider iliac crest, a larger pelvic bowl, and a greater distance between ischial tuberosities.

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3
Q

What is the big hole in the hip known as ?

A

Obturator Foreman

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4
Q

What bone serves as the attachment site for the sartorius muscle and inguinal ligament?

A

Anterior Superior Iliac Spine (ASIS)

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5
Q

The Ischial Tuberosity is also commonly known as ?

A

Sit Bones

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6
Q

What five groups of muscle make up most of the pelvis and thigh?

A

Gluteal muscles (3), Lateral Rotators (6), Quadriceps (4), Hamstrings (3), Adductors (5)

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7
Q

What quadriceps muscle located on the anterior thigh and is on the only quadriceps that crosses two joints (the hip and the knee) ?

A

Rectus femoris

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8
Q

When do you use your quadriceps muscle?

A
  • kicking a soccer ball
  • stabilizing yourself in a stationary squat position
  • raising your knee quickly into a bad guy’s cojones
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9
Q

What is the origin of the quadriceps muscle rectus femoris?

A

Anterior inferior iliac spine (ASIS)

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10
Q

What is the insertion of all of the quadriceps muscle?

A

Tibial tuberosity (via the patella and patellar ligament)

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11
Q

What is the origin of the quadriceps muscle vastus medialis?

A

Medial lip of linea apsera

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12
Q

What is the origin of the quadriceps muscle Vastus Lateralis ?

A

Lateral lip of linea aspera, gluteal tuberosity and greater trochanter

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13
Q

What is the origin of the quadriceps muscle Vastus Intermedius?

A

Anterior and lateral shaft of the femur

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14
Q

What is the action of the quadriceps muscle rectus femoris?

A

Flex the hip (coxal joint)

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15
Q

What is the action of the quadriceps muscle as a whole>

A

extend the knee (tibiofemoral joint)

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16
Q

What is the common origin of the hamstrings group?

A

Ischial Tuberosity

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17
Q

What is the action of the biceps femoris?

A

Flex the knee (tibiofemoral joint)

  • laterally rotate the flexed knee (T/F joint)
  • extend the hip (coxal joint)
  • assist to laterally rotate the hip (coxal joint)
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18
Q

What is the origin of the biceps femoris?

A

long head: ischial tuberosity

short head: lateral lip of linea aspera

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19
Q

what is the insertion of the biceps femoris?

A

head of the fibula

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20
Q

What is the action of the biceps femoris?

A

flex the knee (tibiofemoral joint)

  • medially rotate the flexed knee (T/F joint)
  • extend the hip (coxal joint)
  • assist to medially rotate the hip (coxal joint)
  • tilt the pelvis posteriorly
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21
Q

What are the muscles of the hamstring?

A

biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus

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22
Q

what is the insertion of semitendinosus?

A

proximal, medial shaft of the tibia at pes anserinus tendon

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23
Q

what is the action of the semimembranosus?

A

flex the knee (tibiofemoral joint)

  • medially rotate the flexed knee (T/F joint)
  • extend the hip (coxal joint)
  • assist to medially rotate the hip (coxal joint)
  • tilt the pelvis posteriorly
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24
Q

what is the insertion of semimembranosus?

A

posterior aspect of medial condyle of tibia

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25
Q

When do you use your hamstrings?

A

running, cycling, swimming, climbing stairs

  • stabilizing your hip while bending over to tie your shoes
  • scraping mud off your boots (extension of the hip)
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26
Q

What is the origin of the gluteus maximus?

A

coccyx, edge of sacrum, posterior iliac crest, sacrotuberous and sacroiliac ligaments

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27
Q

what is the insertion of the gluteus maximus?

A

iliotibial tract (upper fibers) and gluteal tuberosity (lower fibers)

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28
Q

what is the action of gluteus maximus?

A

extend the hip (coxal joint)
laterally rotate the hip (coxal joint)
abduct the hip (coxal joint)

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29
Q

what is the origin of the gluteus medius ?

A

gluteal surface of ilium, between posterior and anterior gluteal lines, just below the iliac crest

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30
Q

what is the insertion of gluteus medius?

A

lateral aspect of greater trochanter

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31
Q

what is the action of gluteus medius?

A 
abduct the hip (coxal joint)
flex the hip (coxal joint)
laterally rotate the hip (coxal joint)
medially rotate the hip
extend the hip
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32
Q

what is the action of gluteus minimus?

A

abduct the hip (coxal joint)
medially rotate the hip (coxal joint)
flex the hip (coxal joint)

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33
Q

what is the origin of the gluteus minimus?

A

gluteal surface of the ilium between the anterior and inferior gluteal lines

34
Q

what is the insertion of the gluteus minimus?

A

anterior aspect of greater trochanter

35
Q

When do you use your gluteals?

A

climbing stairs (maximus escpecially)

  • running, cycling, swimming, skating
  • latin dancing (lots of lateral rotation of the hip)
36
Q

What is the origin of the adductor magnus?

A

inferior ramus of the pubis, ramus of ischium and ischial tuberosity

37
Q

what is the insertion of the adductor magnus?

A

meidal lip of linea aspera and adductor tubercle

38
Q

What is the action of the adductor group?

A
  • adduct the hip (coxal joint)
  • medially rotate the hip (coxal joint)
  • assist to flex the hip (all except the gracilis)
39
Q

what is the origin of adductor longus?

A

pubic tubercle

40
Q

what is the insertion of adductor longus?

A

medial lip of linea aspera

41
Q

what is the origin of adductor brevis?

A

inferior ramus of pubis

42
Q

what is the insertion of adductor brevis?

A

pectineal line and medial lip of linea aspera

43
Q

what is the origin of the pectineus?

A

superior ramus of pubis

44
Q

what is the insertion of pectineus?

A

pectineal line of femur

45
Q

what is the origin of the gracilis?

A

inferior ramus of pubis

46
Q

what is the insertion of the gracilis?

A

proximal, medial shaft of tibia at pes anserinus tendon

47
Q

what is the action of the gracilis?

A

flex the knee (tibiofemoral joint)

  • medially rotate the flexed knee (T/F joint)
  • posterior fibers of adductor magnus: extend the hip
48
Q

When do you use your adductors?

A
  • ice skating (doing a crossover step when turning)
  • gripping a horse with your thighs when riding
  • stabilizing your pelvis when walking
49
Q

What is the action of the tensor fascia latae and iliotibial tract?

A

flex the hip (coxal joint)
medially rotate the hip (coxal joint)
abduct the hip

50
Q

what is the origin of the tensor fascia latae and iliotibial tract?

A

iliac crest, posterior to the ASIS

51
Q

what is the insertion of the tensor fascia latae and iliotibial tract?

A

iliotibial tract

52
Q

What is the longest muscle in the body stretching from the anterior superior iliac spine, across the thigh, to the medial knee?

A

Sartorius

53
Q

What is the action of the sartorius ?

A
  • flex the hip (coxal joint)
  • laterally rotate the hip
  • abduct the hip
  • flex the knee
  • medially rotate the flexed knee
54
Q

what is the origin of the sartorius?

A

anterior superior iliac spine

55
Q

what is the insertion of the sartorius?

A

proximal, medial shaft of the tibia at pes anserinus tendon

56
Q

What are the lateral rotators of the hip (also known as the deep six)?

A

piriformis, quadratus femoris, obturator internus, obturator externus, gemellus superior and gemellus inferior

57
Q

What is the action of all 6 of the lateral rotators of the hip?

A

laterally rotate the hip (coxal joint)

58
Q

What is the origin of piriformis?

A

anterior surface of sacrum

59
Q

what is the insertion of piriformis?

A

superior aspect of greater trochanter

60
Q

What is the origin of the quadratus femoris?

A

lateral border of ischial tuberosity

61
Q

what is the insertion of the quadratus femoris?

A

intertrochanteric crest, between the great and lesser trochanters

62
Q

what is the origin of the obturator internus?

A

obturator membrane and inferior surface of obturator foramen

63
Q

what is the insertion of obturator internus?

A

medical surface of greater trochanter

64
Q

what is the origin of the obturator externus?

A

rami of pubis and ischium, obturator membrane

65
Q

what is the insertion of the obturator externus ?

A

trochanteric fossa of femur

66
Q

what is the origin of gemellus superior?

A

ischial spine

67
Q

what is the insertion of gemellus superior?

A

medial surface of greater trochanter

68
Q

what is the origin of gemellus inferior ?

A

ischial tuberosity

69
Q

what is the insertion of gemellus inferior?

A

medial surface of greater trochanter

70
Q

Approximately how much of the population has a psoas minor?

A

about 40 %

71
Q

What is the origin of the psoas minor?

A

body and transverse process of first lumbar vertebrae

72
Q

what is the insertion of the psoas minor?

A

superior ramus of pubis

73
Q

what is the action of the psoas minor?

A

assist to create lordiotic curvature in the lumbar spine

74
Q

what is origin of the psoas major?

A

bodies and transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae

75
Q

what is the insertion of psoas major?

A

lesser trochanter

76
Q

What is the action of psoas major?

A

flex the hip

  • may laterally rotate the hip
  • flex the trunk toward the thigh
  • tilt pelvis anteriorly
  • assist to laterally flex the lumbar spine
77
Q

what is the origin of the iliacus?

A

iliac fossa

78
Q

what is the insertion of the iliacus ?

A

lesser trochanter

79
Q

what is the action of the iliacus ?

A

flex the hip

  • may laterally rotate the hip
  • flex the trunk toward the thigh
  • tilt pelvis anteriorly
80
Q

What three structures form the femoral triangle?

A

inguinal ligament, adductor longus, and sartorius

81
Q

Since it is long and easily accessible, the _______ vein is often used for grafts in coronary bypass surgery.

A

Saphenous vein

KIN 441: Foundational Anatomy and Skills for the Upper Extremity (8 decks)

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