Shoulder Anatomy

Question 1

What does scapula connect

Answer 1

Humerus at GH
Clavicle at AC

Question 2

Scapular type of bone

Answer 2

Sturdy
Flat
Triangular

Question 3

Posterior scapula muscles

Answer 3

Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres major
Teres minor

Question 4

Anterior scapula muscles

Answer 4

Subscap
Serratus anterior

Question 5

Scapula spine and acromion muscles

Answer 5

Trapezius
Deltoid

Question 6

Scapula medial border muscles

Answer 6

Serratus anterior
Rhomboid major
Rhomboid minor
Lev scap
Tricep (long head)

Question 7

Scapula external angle muscles

Answer 7

BLH

Question 8

Coracoid process attachment

Answer 8

Biceps (short head)
Coracobrachialis
Pectoralis minor

Question 9

Scapula inferior angle muscles

Answer 9

Lats

Question 10

GH Jt

Answer 10

• Large ROM, therefore functionally it needs a ball + socket
• The only bone connection is the clavicle

Question 11

AC Jt

Answer 11

• Synovial plane
• Gliding motion anteriorly, posteriorly, superiorly, and inferiorly
• Also performs slight rotation

Question 12

SC Jt

Answer 12

• Synovial- saddle type Jt
• Sometimes referred to as synovial plane, due to it being multi-axial
• Fibrocartilage disc between SC, due to lack of convexity- this assists in stability (i.e., increase congruency)
• 3 degrees of motion
  1. Sagittal- anterior + post rotation
  2. Frontal- elevation + depression
  3. Transverse protraction + retraction

Question 13

Myology- Flex

Answer 13

160-180

Ant deltoid
Coracobrachialis
Pec major
Biceps brachii

Question 14

Myology- Ext

Answer 14

50-60

Post deltoid
Teres major
Lats

Question 15

Adduction

Answer 15

50-75

Pec major
Teres major
Lats

Question 16

Abduction

Answer 16

170-180

Supraspin (1st 0-15)
Deltoid (15-90)
Trapezius + serratus ant- allow for abd beyond 90

Question 17

IR

Answer 17

60-100

Subscap
Teres major
Lats
Pec major
Ant deltoid

Question 18

ER

Answer 18

80-90

Infraspin
Teres major

Question 19

Rotator cuff

Answer 19

Sheet of conjoined tendons closely applied over shoulder capsule + inserting into greater tuberosity of humerus

Stabilises head of humerus by pulling it into glenoid when ever deltoid lifts arm forwards/laterally

Question 20

Muscles in rotato cuff

Answer 20

Ant- subscapularis
Sup- supraspinous
Post- infraspinaotus + teres minor

Question 21

Supraspin

Answer 21

Abduction- 1st 15

Question 22

Infraspin

Answer 22

ER

Question 23

Teres minor

Answer 23

ER

Question 24

Subscap

Answer 24

IR

Question 25

Winged scapula

Answer 25

• To assess- Pt performs wall push-up
• +ve= winging
• Posterior medial winging= serratus anterior (long thoracic nerve) lesion
• Posterior lateral winging= trapezius (CN XI) lesion

Question 26

Step defect

Answer 26

AC
- Pt seated or standing with arms hanging at side, examiner observes anteriotly
- +ve= prominence of distal clavicle in realtion to acromion AC separation

Question 27

Sulcus sign

Answer 27

GH
- Pt seated or standing with arm hanging at side, examiner observes anteriorly
- +ve= abnormal prominence of acromion and groove like depression below acromion  inf instability, GH dislocation, atrophy of deltoids, superior labral tear