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Reproduction (2017) > Short Version > Flashcards

Short Version Flashcards

1
Q

Monosomy X or Turners Syndrome

A

Usually underdeveloped internal and external genitalia due to the lack of a second X chormosome

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2
Q

Klinefelter’s Syndrome (XXY)

A

Gonadally and phenotypically male due to prescence of SRY. Extra X chromosome leads to abnormal phenotype

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3
Q

Trisomy X- XXX Syndrome

A

Usually abnormal phenotype due to the presence of an extra X chromosome. Ovaries are not functional.

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4
Q

Mosaics

A

Cells all originate rom the same zygote. Usually results from non-disjunction during mitosis of early embryo

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5
Q

Chimeras

A
  • Contain cell lines originating from two different embryonic sources
  • Can be experimentally or naturally occuring
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6
Q

Layers of the Testis

A
  • Skin
  • Tunica Dartos
  • Spermatic Fascia (External and Internal)
  • Parietal Layer of Tunica Vaginalis
  • Visceral Layer of Tunica Vaginalis
  • Tunica Albuginea
  • Mediastinum Testis (efferent ductules and rete testis)
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7
Q

Proper ligament of the testis

A

Connects tail of epididymis to testis

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8
Q

Ligament of the tail of the epididymis

A

Connects tail of the epididymis to the parietal tunic

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9
Q

Scrotal ligament

A

Scrotum to body wall

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10
Q

Midpiece

A
  • has all the mitochondria
  • has the central axoneme that travels all the down the sperm tail
  • has outer longitudinal fibers that span most of sperm tail except end piece
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11
Q

Principle Piece

A
  • Has fibrous sheath that is lost before end piece

- still has axoneme and outer longitudinal fibers

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12
Q

End piece

A
  • just axoneme

- no thick segments

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13
Q

Ruminant Ejaculate

A

1 jet (Sperm Rich Fraction)

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14
Q

Equids Ejaculate

A

5-7 jets (approx. 3 jets of sperm-rich fraction, and gell fraction)

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15
Q

Swine Ejaculate

A

Gel fraction, sperm rich fraction, gel fraction( block cervix)

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16
Q

Canine Ejaculate

A

Sperm-poor fraction, sperm rich fraction, and prostatic fraction

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17
Q

Vagina Semen Deposition

A

Bull, ram, man, tom cat, stud dog

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18
Q

Cervix Semen Deposition

A

boar

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19
Q

Uterus Semen Deposition

A

Camelids, Stallion(through cervix, urethral process in cervix), stud dog, boar

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20
Q

Species with CL as the sole source of Progesterone Production

A

Pig, goat, llama, dog, cat

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21
Q

Species with both CL and placental production of Progesterone

A

Horse, sheep, cow

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22
Q

mare pregnancy recognition

A

Movement of the conceptus, no conceptus derived signal has been identified. Movement occurs between days 11-16
Luteolysis occurs on day 15-16

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23
Q

Cow/Sheep

A

Expansion (Cow), INF-T between days 10-21

Cow luteolysis- day 18
Ewe luteolysis- day 14

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24
Q

Sow

A

Expansion, Estradiol between days 11-12

Luteolysis- day 13-15

25
Q

Dog

A

No signal is needed for pregnancy recognition in the bitch

The CL is maintained for the duration of normal gestation regardless of pregnancy status

26
Q

Cat

A

Luteolysis occurs prior to time of normal gestation

Fetoplacental relaxin stimulates prolactin which is luteotropic(not well defined)

27
Q

Prototherian

A

Egg-laying

28
Q

Metatherian

A

choriovitelline placenta aka “yolk sac” placenta

29
Q

Eutherian

A

Chorioallantoic Placenta

30
Q

Yolk Sac

A

Early nutrition

31
Q

Amnion

A

Protection
Waste
Nutrient exchange
Surrounds baby

32
Q

Allantois

A

Blood Supply for Chorion

Waste

33
Q

Chorion

A

Maternal Interface
Nutrient and Gas Exchange
Villi

34
Q

Diffuse Placenta

A

Villi Everywhere

hors, pig

35
Q

Cotyledonary

A

“Buttons”

Ruminants

36
Q

Zonary

A

Specific Area

Dog, cat

37
Q

Discoid

A

Specific Circle

Primate

38
Q

Epitheliochorial

A

5-6 layers

Horse, Pig, Cow, Sheep, Goats

39
Q

Endotheliochorial

A

4-5 layers

Dog, Cat

40
Q

Hemochorial

A

3-4 layers

Primates, Rodents

41
Q

Non-Deciduate

A

Complete Separation of Maternal and Fetal Tissues

Sow, Mare, Ruminant

42
Q

Deciduate

A

Loss of Maternal Tissue at parturition

Dog, Cat, Primates, Rodents

43
Q

Biliverdin

A

Source of iron in dog, cat placentas

44
Q

Puerperium

A

Time from fetal delivery until complete uterine involution

45
Q

Lochia

A

Normal postpartum debris and fluids which are passed out thorough the vagina and vulva
Should have minimal odor

46
Q

Reproductive parameters of the cow

A

Age at Puberty: 9-11 months
Estrous Cycle Length: 21 days(18-24)
Estrus Duration: 8-12 hours
Ovulation Time from the onset of Estrus: 24-30 hours
# of Ovulations/cycle: 1 ( about or above two in dairy cows)
Lifespan of CL: 14-17 days
Entry of Ova into Uterus: about 5 days
Gestation Length: about 9 months
Source of Progesterone: Cl upto 250 days then placenta take over
Parturition: Stage 1: 2-6 hours Stage 2: 15-90 mins Stage 3: 2-8 hours after delivery
Placenta Type: Cotyledonary epitheliochorial villous adeciduate

47
Q

Reproductive Parameters of the Sheep

A

Puberty: 6-9 mo(Ewe), 4-6 months(ram)
Estrous Cycle Length: 17(14-20) days Due to Shorter Diestrus
Estrus Duation: 24-36 hours
Ovulates during. Estrus
Gestation: 148 days
Source of Progesterone: CL up to 55-60 days then placenta take over
parturition: about 2-4 hours for completion of Stages I-III
Ovulation Time: 24-30 hours from onset of estrus
Placenta type: cotyledonary epitheliochorial villous adeciduate

48
Q

Reproductive Parameters of the Goat

A

Puberty: 6-9 months, pygmy is 3 mo
Estrous Cycle Length: 18-24days
Estrus Duation: 12-36 hours
Ovulates. During Estrus
Gestation Length: 150 days
Source of Progesterone: CL up to term
Parturition: about 2-4 hours for completion of stages I-III
Ovulation Time: 30-36 hours from onset of estrus
Placenta Type: cotyledonary epitheliochorial adeciduate

49
Q

Reproductive parameters of the horse

A

Puberty: 12-24 mo(mare), 4-5 yrs(stallion)
Estrous Cycle Length: 18-21 days
Estrus Duration; 4-7 days
Ovulates 24-48 hours before the end of estrus
Gestation Length: 320-360 days
Source of Progesterone: CL and Accesory Cl until 100-120 days then placenta secretes progestins that maintain pregnancy
Parturition: Stage 1: 1-4 hours Stage 2: 30-60 mins Stage 3: about 3 hours
Endometrial Cups: Day 37 secrete equine chorionic gonadotropin
Early Detection of Pregnancy: 13-15 days post-ovulation
Uterus entry: 5.5-6 days
Diffuse epitheliochorial microcotyledonary adeciduate

50
Q

Reproductive Parameters of the Pig

A

Puberty: 9 mos(boar), 6-7 months (gilt)(165days)
Placenta type: diffuse epitheliochorial folded adeciduate
Progesterone Production: CL to term
Gestation Length: 114 days( 3months , 3 weeks, 3 days)
parturition: Stage 1 and Stage 2: 2-5 hours, Stage 3: 4 hours after last piglet is being born
Estrous Cycle Length: 21 days(17-25)
Duration of Estrus: 2-3 days
Ovulation Time: 2/3 way through estrus
Ejaculate volume: 30-60 billion sperm/ejaculate
Uterine Entry: 2-4 days after conception
Implantation: day 14-18

51
Q

Reproductive Parameters of the Camelid

A

Puberty: 2 years(male), 12-13 months(female)
Placenta Type: diffuse microcotyledonary epitheliochorial adeciduate
Progesterone Production: CL to Term
Gestation Length: 335-360 days
Parturition: Stage 1: 2-6 hours, Stage 2: 8-25 min, Stage 3: 4-6 hours after delivery
Estrous Cycle Length: No True “estrous cycle
Ovulation Time: 24 hours post breeding
Uterine Entry: 5-6 days

52
Q

Reproductive Parameters of the Dog

A

Puberty: 6 mo to 2 years
Placenta type: zonary endotheliochorial labyrinthine deciduate
Progesterone Production: CL to term
Gestation: 57 +/- 1 day from diestrous cytology, 65 +/- 1 day from LH peak, 57-72 days from 1 breeding
Parturition: Stage 1: variable- less than a day in multiparous; may be longer than a day in maiden, Stage 2: variable 6-12 hours, depending upon litter size; up to 4 hours first pup, subsequent pups 30 min-2 hours apart, Stage 3: intermingled with Stage 2.
Estrous Cycle Length: Proestrus- 9 days, Estrus- 9 days Pregnant Diestrus- 55-60 days, non pregnant diestrus- abouut 60 days (occ. to 80 days); range ( proestrus- 0-27 days, estrus- 4-24 days
Duration of Estrus: 9 days (4-24 days)
Ovulation Time: variable, most ovulations by 24-48 hours after LH peak. Ovulate Primary Oocyte!!!

53
Q

Reproductive Parameters of the Cat

A

Puberty: 4 months
Placenta type: zonary endotheliochorial labyrinthine deciduate
Progesterone Production: CL to term
Gestation: 63-71 days, average 65 days
Parturition: Stage 1: variable, Sage 2: variable- hours to a day, Stage 3: intermingled with Stage 2
Estrous Cycle Length: LOOK at slide
Duration of Estrus: 5-9 days, “about a week”(2-19 days)
Ovulation Time: Induced Ovulation, 29-40 hours after LH peak

54
Q

Macho

A

Male camelid

55
Q

Hembra

A

Female camelid

56
Q

Cria

A

Camelid Offspring

57
Q

Criation

A

Parturition of the Camelid

58
Q

Cush or Kush

A

Sternal Recumbency of the camelid

Reproduction (2017) (13 decks)

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