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Reproduction (2017) > Short Version > Flashcards

Short Version Flashcards

1
Q

Monosomy X or Turners Syndrome

A

Usually underdeveloped internal and external genitalia due to the lack of a second X chormosome

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2
Q

Klinefelter’s Syndrome (XXY)

A

Gonadally and phenotypically male due to prescence of SRY. Extra X chromosome leads to abnormal phenotype

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3
Q

Trisomy X- XXX Syndrome

A

Usually abnormal phenotype due to the presence of an extra X chromosome. Ovaries are not functional.

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4
Q

Mosaics

A

Cells all originate rom the same zygote. Usually results from non-disjunction during mitosis of early embryo

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5
Q

Chimeras

A
  • Contain cell lines originating from two different embryonic sources
  • Can be experimentally or naturally occuring
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6
Q

Layers of the Testis

A
  • Skin
  • Tunica Dartos
  • Spermatic Fascia (External and Internal)
  • Parietal Layer of Tunica Vaginalis
  • Visceral Layer of Tunica Vaginalis
  • Tunica Albuginea
  • Mediastinum Testis (efferent ductules and rete testis)
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7
Q

Proper ligament of the testis

A

Connects tail of epididymis to testis

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8
Q

Ligament of the tail of the epididymis

A

Connects tail of the epididymis to the parietal tunic

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9
Q

Scrotal ligament

A

Scrotum to body wall

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10
Q

Midpiece

A
  • has all the mitochondria
  • has the central axoneme that travels all the down the sperm tail
  • has outer longitudinal fibers that span most of sperm tail except end piece
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11
Q

Principle Piece

A
  • Has fibrous sheath that is lost before end piece

- still has axoneme and outer longitudinal fibers

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12
Q

End piece

A
  • just axoneme

- no thick segments

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13
Q

Ruminant Ejaculate

A

1 jet (Sperm Rich Fraction)

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14
Q

Equids Ejaculate

A

5-7 jets (approx. 3 jets of sperm-rich fraction, and gell fraction)

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15
Q

Swine Ejaculate

A

Gel fraction, sperm rich fraction, gel fraction( block cervix)

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16
Q

Canine Ejaculate

A

Sperm-poor fraction, sperm rich fraction, and prostatic fraction

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17
Q

Vagina Semen Deposition

A

Bull, ram, man, tom cat, stud dog

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18
Q

Cervix Semen Deposition

A

boar

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19
Q

Uterus Semen Deposition

A

Camelids, Stallion(through cervix, urethral process in cervix), stud dog, boar

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20
Q

Species with CL as the sole source of Progesterone Production

A

Pig, goat, llama, dog, cat

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21
Q

Species with both CL and placental production of Progesterone

A

Horse, sheep, cow

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22
Q

mare pregnancy recognition

A

Movement of the conceptus, no conceptus derived signal has been identified. Movement occurs between days 11-16
Luteolysis occurs on day 15-16

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23
Q

Cow/Sheep

A

Expansion (Cow), INF-T between days 10-21

Cow luteolysis- day 18
Ewe luteolysis- day 14

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24
Q

Sow

A

Expansion, Estradiol between days 11-12

Luteolysis- day 13-15

25
Dog
No signal is needed for pregnancy recognition in the bitch | The CL is maintained for the duration of normal gestation regardless of pregnancy status
26
Cat
Luteolysis occurs prior to time of normal gestation | Fetoplacental relaxin stimulates prolactin which is luteotropic(not well defined)
27
Prototherian
Egg-laying
28
Metatherian
choriovitelline placenta aka "yolk sac" placenta
29
Eutherian
Chorioallantoic Placenta
30
Yolk Sac
Early nutrition
31
Amnion
Protection Waste Nutrient exchange Surrounds baby
32
Allantois
Blood Supply for Chorion | Waste
33
Chorion
Maternal Interface Nutrient and Gas Exchange Villi
34
Diffuse Placenta
Villi Everywhere | hors, pig
35
Cotyledonary
"Buttons" | Ruminants
36
Zonary
Specific Area | Dog, cat
37
Discoid
Specific Circle | Primate
38
Epitheliochorial
5-6 layers | Horse, Pig, Cow, Sheep, Goats
39
Endotheliochorial
4-5 layers | Dog, Cat
40
Hemochorial
3-4 layers | Primates, Rodents
41
Non-Deciduate
Complete Separation of Maternal and Fetal Tissues | Sow, Mare, Ruminant
42
Deciduate
Loss of Maternal Tissue at parturition | Dog, Cat, Primates, Rodents
43
Biliverdin
Source of iron in dog, cat placentas
44
Puerperium
Time from fetal delivery until complete uterine involution
45
Lochia
Normal postpartum debris and fluids which are passed out thorough the vagina and vulva Should have minimal odor
46
Reproductive parameters of the cow
Age at Puberty: 9-11 months Estrous Cycle Length: 21 days(18-24) Estrus Duration: 8-12 hours Ovulation Time from the onset of Estrus: 24-30 hours # of Ovulations/cycle: 1 ( about or above two in dairy cows) Lifespan of CL: 14-17 days Entry of Ova into Uterus: about 5 days Gestation Length: about 9 months Source of Progesterone: Cl upto 250 days then placenta take over Parturition: Stage 1: 2-6 hours Stage 2: 15-90 mins Stage 3: 2-8 hours after delivery Placenta Type: Cotyledonary epitheliochorial villous adeciduate
47
Reproductive Parameters of the Sheep
Puberty: 6-9 mo(Ewe), 4-6 months(ram) Estrous Cycle Length: 17(14-20) days Due to Shorter Diestrus Estrus Duation: 24-36 hours Ovulates during. Estrus Gestation: 148 days Source of Progesterone: CL up to 55-60 days then placenta take over parturition: about 2-4 hours for completion of Stages I-III Ovulation Time: 24-30 hours from onset of estrus Placenta type: cotyledonary epitheliochorial villous adeciduate
48
Reproductive Parameters of the Goat
Puberty: 6-9 months, pygmy is 3 mo Estrous Cycle Length: 18-24days Estrus Duation: 12-36 hours Ovulates. During Estrus Gestation Length: 150 days Source of Progesterone: CL up to term Parturition: about 2-4 hours for completion of stages I-III Ovulation Time: 30-36 hours from onset of estrus Placenta Type: cotyledonary epitheliochorial adeciduate
49
Reproductive parameters of the horse
Puberty: 12-24 mo(mare), 4-5 yrs(stallion) Estrous Cycle Length: 18-21 days Estrus Duration; 4-7 days Ovulates 24-48 hours before the end of estrus Gestation Length: 320-360 days Source of Progesterone: CL and Accesory Cl until 100-120 days then placenta secretes progestins that maintain pregnancy Parturition: Stage 1: 1-4 hours Stage 2: 30-60 mins Stage 3: about 3 hours Endometrial Cups: Day 37 secrete equine chorionic gonadotropin Early Detection of Pregnancy: 13-15 days post-ovulation Uterus entry: 5.5-6 days Diffuse epitheliochorial microcotyledonary adeciduate
50
Reproductive Parameters of the Pig
Puberty: 9 mos(boar), 6-7 months (gilt)(165days) Placenta type: diffuse epitheliochorial folded adeciduate Progesterone Production: CL to term Gestation Length: 114 days( 3months , 3 weeks, 3 days) parturition: Stage 1 and Stage 2: 2-5 hours, Stage 3: 4 hours after last piglet is being born Estrous Cycle Length: 21 days(17-25) Duration of Estrus: 2-3 days Ovulation Time: 2/3 way through estrus Ejaculate volume: 30-60 billion sperm/ejaculate Uterine Entry: 2-4 days after conception Implantation: day 14-18
51
Reproductive Parameters of the Camelid
Puberty: 2 years(male), 12-13 months(female) Placenta Type: diffuse microcotyledonary epitheliochorial adeciduate Progesterone Production: CL to Term Gestation Length: 335-360 days Parturition: Stage 1: 2-6 hours, Stage 2: 8-25 min, Stage 3: 4-6 hours after delivery Estrous Cycle Length: No True "estrous cycle Ovulation Time: 24 hours post breeding Uterine Entry: 5-6 days
52
Reproductive Parameters of the Dog
Puberty: 6 mo to 2 years Placenta type: zonary endotheliochorial labyrinthine deciduate Progesterone Production: CL to term Gestation: 57 +/- 1 day from diestrous cytology, 65 +/- 1 day from LH peak, 57-72 days from 1 breeding Parturition: Stage 1: variable- less than a day in multiparous; may be longer than a day in maiden, Stage 2: variable 6-12 hours, depending upon litter size; up to 4 hours first pup, subsequent pups 30 min-2 hours apart, Stage 3: intermingled with Stage 2. Estrous Cycle Length: Proestrus- 9 days, Estrus- 9 days Pregnant Diestrus- 55-60 days, non pregnant diestrus- abouut 60 days (occ. to 80 days); range ( proestrus- 0-27 days, estrus- 4-24 days Duration of Estrus: 9 days (4-24 days) Ovulation Time: variable, most ovulations by 24-48 hours after LH peak. Ovulate Primary Oocyte!!!
53
Reproductive Parameters of the Cat
Puberty: 4 months Placenta type: zonary endotheliochorial labyrinthine deciduate Progesterone Production: CL to term Gestation: 63-71 days, average 65 days Parturition: Stage 1: variable, Sage 2: variable- hours to a day, Stage 3: intermingled with Stage 2 Estrous Cycle Length: LOOK at slide Duration of Estrus: 5-9 days, "about a week"(2-19 days) Ovulation Time: Induced Ovulation, 29-40 hours after LH peak
54
Macho
Male camelid
55
Hembra
Female camelid
56
Cria
Camelid Offspring
57
Criation
Parturition of the Camelid
58
Cush or Kush
Sternal Recumbency of the camelid

Reproduction (2017) (13 decks)

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