06 sperm Flashcards
Spermiogenesis
Secondary spermatocytes become spermatids
Spermatid Differentiation
Golgi phase
Cap phase
Acrosomal phase
Maturation phase
Golgi phase
small vesicles off Golgi fuse and make acrosome- in head of sperm
Acrosome- large sac of proteolytic enzymes that help sperm gain access to egg
centriole gives rise to flagella
Cap phase
acrosome spreads and is formed
proximal centriole is anchoring base of flagella
distal centriole turns into flagellum
Acrosomal phase
nucleus begins to elongate and is very condensed
mitochondria begin to aggregate in neck of sperm- powerhouse of sperm
Maturation phase
acrosome sitting over nucleus
aggregaton of mitochondria at midpiece
Spermatid–>______
Spermatozoa
develops in epidydimis
An ejaculate consists of:
- live spermatozoa- ready to fertilize
- dead spermatozoa0 unable to fertilize
- dead spermatozoa
Live spermatozoa
needs to be transported to oviductal ampulla and needs to be stored
Sperm transport
Sperm motility
Uterine contractility(oxytocin, PGF2a and estrogen)
Oviductal contractility
Ciliar activity
Sperm storage
Cervix
Endometrial folds
Caudal oviductal isthmus
Sperm elimination
Only small amount of sperm reach the oviduct because it is really hard to get there
retrograde loss of spermatozoa
Breeding induced endometritis
spermatozoa induce inflammation and an influx of PMNs into the uterine horn
PMNS release PGF2a which causes myometrial contractions
Normal to clear the excess sperm from uterus
CRISP-3
binds to live sperm to prevents phagocytosis
Lactoferrin
binds to dead sperm to increase phagocytosis
