Short History Flashcards
How many people emigrated to the USA in the late 19th and early 20th centuries
40 million
USA immigration policy fact file
- Open door policy up to 1917
- 1917 literacy test, no Asian immigration, $8 immigration fee
- 1921 emergency quota act, 3% of 1910
- 1924 national origins act, 2% of 1890
- 1929 immigration act, 150,000 p/y, no Asians, 85% old immigrants
How many strikes were there in 1919
3600
What organization led a strike in Seattle
IWW (international workers of the world)
What is an example of an anarchist attack
On the home of Mitchell Palmer (attorney general) in 1919
How many suspected communists were arrested during the Palmer raids
6000
Sacco and Vanzetti fact file
- Arrested 5th May 1920
- Charged with murder of Fred Parmenter
- 45 day trial
- Biased judge
- 875 witnesses called to court
- Electrocuted August 1927
Who’s an example of a fundamentalist preacher and what did she do
Aimee Semple McPherson who raised $1.5 million for her Angelus Temple
Which act made teaching teaching evolution illegal and where
The Butler Act - Tennessee
Monkey Trial fact file
- John Scopes was the biology teacher taken to court
- Trial was in July 1925
- Defended by Clarence Darrow
- Prosecuted by William Jennings Bryan
- Scopes fined $100 but Darwinists won
Which act gave citizenship to native Americans
The 1924 Indian Citizenship Act
Which report argued that native americans should be given life skills and not just european values
The 1928 Meriam Report
How many Americans were lynched in a period you will have to name
430 between 1915 and 1922
How many black americans served in ww1
360,000
When was the KKK revived and why
After The Birth of a Nation in 1915
What were leaders of the klan called
- The leader was the imperial wizard
- Officers were klaliffs
How many members did the kkk have in 1925
Over 5 million
Which states had governors that were members of the KKK
Oregon and Oklahoma
Give an example of a klan victim
George Arnwood had learning disabilities and was black. Accused of assaulting an 82 year old white woman, dragged from jail and beaten to death
When and why did the klan decline
After 1925 when David Stephenson (a leader) was convicted of rape and mutilation of a woman on a train in Chicago, and the governor of Indiana refused to pardon him
How many black americans moved north in the Great Migration
1 million between 1916 and 1920
How many black americans did ford pittsburgh hire in 1926
10000
How many people died in the 1919 race riots
62
NAACP fact file
- national association for the advancement of coloured people
- set up in 1909 by William Du Bois
- wanted equal opportunity for all
- 90000 members in 1919
- focus on legal methods
UNIA fact file
- Universal Negro Improvement Association
- Set up by Marcus Garvey
- 250,000 members at peak
- encouraged black people to celebrate blackness
Give an example of an organization that promoted prohibition
the Anti-Saloon League
What nickname was beer given during ww1
The kaiser’s brew
Who was responsible for enforcing prohibition
The Internal Revenue Service (IRS)
Which act really started prohibition and when
The Volstead Act, 1920
What did doctors do to help people drink
They prescribed medicinal whisky
Prohibition key terms
- Speakeasy
- Bootlegger
- Bathtub gin
- Still
- Moonshine
- Rum runner
How many speakesies were there in New York by 1930
30000
A positive and negative alcohol statistic
- 50,000 died from poisoned alcohol by 1926
- Deaths from alcoholism fell by 80%
How many breweries did St Louis have before and after prohibition
22 and 9
How many people were in the IRS
2500
When was prohibition abolished and why
December 1933 because people were aware of the consequences of illegal alcohol
What gun was used by gangs
The Thompson sub machine gun, nicknamed the chicago piano
Al Capone fact file
- Nicknamed scar face
- Took over Jonny Torrio’s operations in Chicago
- Half of Chicago’s employees on his payroll
- Controlled the mayor and fixed local elections
- Had 200 rivals killed
- Opened soup kitchens after wall street crash
- Arrested in 1931 for $200,000 of income tax fraud
What happened in the Valentine’s Day Massacre
- Happened in 1929
- Buggs Moran escaped death but 7 others died
- Capone was in Florada with an alibi
What nickname was Harding’s cabinet given
Ohio gang
Albert Fall fact file
- Appointed secretary of the interior (1921)
- Resigned (1923)
- Imprisoned over teapot dome scandal (1929)
Which scandal disgraced Harding’s government
The Teapot Dome Scandal
How much did Fall get in bribes in exchange for what size oil reserves
$409,000 in cash bonds, for $100 million of oil reserves
What did the FBI do to Thomas Walsh, leader of the senate investigation into the teapot dome scandal
They tapped his phones and opened his mail, and made anonymous threats to his life
What happened to the amount of electricity consumed in the 1920s plus statistics for home electricity use please
It doubled, 16% had electrically lit homes in 1912, 63% in 1927
When was the hoover invented
In 1926, saving housewives time
When was the production line invented by Ford
1913
Detroit production line statistics
1913 - one car per 3 minutes
1920 - one car per 10 seconds
How much did ford cars cost by 1926
$295
How many cars were produced in 1929
27 million
How many radios were there in 1920 compared to 1929
60,000 to 10 million
Who were the presidents in the 1920s
Warren Harding
Calvin Coolidge
Herbet Hoover
- They were all republican
What are the two main interventions of the government in the 1920s
- The Fordney McCumber Tariff 1922
- Cutting income taxes
What are the long and short term reasons for the Wall Street Crash
Long term: - Overproduction - Falling demand for consumer goods - The boom in land and property values Short term: - Overspeculation - The availability of easy credit
What was the value of the stock market in 1925 and 1929
27 billion and 82 billion
What triggered the Wall Street Crash
Industry experts started selling their stocks and everyone else followed
WSC timeline
- 19th October, prices begin to fall
- 24th October, Black Thursday - 13 million shares traded
- 25th October, banks seem to restabilise situation
- 29th October, Black Tuesday, 16.5 million stocks traded
How many people were unemployed in 1929
2.5 million, 5% of workforce
What was the trend in goods sold between 1929 and 1933
They halved
What was a slogan used by farmers against Hoover
In Hoover we trusted now we are busted
How much did Rockerfeller and Churchill lose in the depression
80% of his wealth, churchill lost $500,000
How many cinemas were there by 1930
303,000
What was the annual film output in the 1920s
800
Rudolf Valentino fact file
- First actor to be sold on sex appeal
- Women fainted when they saw him
- Died 1926
- 100,000 fans lined the streets during funeral
What was the first talkie and when was it released
The Jazz Singer, 1927
When did film making start happening in LA
The first film was in 1910, and then most films by 1915
Which code kept morality in Hollywood
The Hays Code
What is the name of an article that criticised jazz for a decline in moral standards
“Does jazz put the sin in syncopation?”
Which city prohibited public jazz performance
NYC
Who was a famous jazz musician
Louis Armstrong
What was the first american radio station
KDKA (1920)
What proportion of US homes had a radio set
40%
What national broadcasting company was set up
NBC
Who did the radio bring to fame
Babe Ruth (baseball)
When did the sale of gramaphones peak
1921
What’s a fun dance from the 1920s
The black bottom
Who started the trend for dance marathons
Alma Cummings who danced for 27 hours non stop
What is an example of a speakeasy
Smalls Paradise in Harlem
How many women helped with the war effort
Over a million
How many women served with the US in Europe
90,000
Give an example of a group that fought for womens’ suffrage
The Congressional Union for Womens’ Suffrage
Which amendment gave the right to vote to women
The 19th
When was the first woman elected as governor of a state
1924
Who was the most famous flapper
Actress Joan Crawford
Which groups criticised the flapper lifestyle
The Anti-Flirt League
