Shock

Question 1

Define Shock

Answer 1

A state of collapse and failure of the cardiovascular system, it is a normal compensatory mechanism used by the body to maintain systolic blood pressure and brain perfusion during times of distress

Question 2

Cardiogenic shock and Most common cause

Answer 2

The heart is unable to circulate sufficient blood to maintain adequate peripheral oxygen delivery

The most common cause of cardiogenic shock is extensive infarction of the left ventricle, diffuse ischemia or decompensated CHF resulting in primary pump failure

Question 3

Obstructive shock

Answer 3

When blood flow in the heart or great vessels becomes blocked, when the heart is prevented from beating correctly

Question 4

Hypovolemic shock

Answer 4

When the circulating blood volume does not deliver adequate oxygen and nutrients to the body

EX. External/Internal bleeding

Question 5

Septic Shock

Answer 5

The presence of sepsis syndrome plus a systolic BP of less than 90mmHg or a decrease from the baseline BP of more than 40mmHg

Question 6

Anaphylactic Shock

Answer 6

occurs when a person reacts severely to a substance to which they have been sensitized (developed a heightened reaction)

no blood loss, no vascular damage, but pt experiences widespread vascular dilation resulting in relative hypovolemia

Question 7

Neurogenic Shock

Answer 7

Neurogenic shock is a pathophysiologic state of systemic hypoperfusion characterized by a significant decrease in systemic vascular resistance secondary to loss of sympathetic tone.

Question 8

Spinal Shock

Answer 8

local neurological condition that occurs immediately after a spinal injury produces motor and sensory loss, temporary loss of function

Question 9

Phases of Shock : Compensatory

Answer 9

Compensated: earliest stage where the body can still compensate for blood loss

Patient’s level of responsiveness is a better indicator of tissue perfusion that most other vital signs

Question 10

Phases of Shock: Decompensation

Answer 10

Occurs when blood volume drops by more than 30%

Compensatory mechanisms begin to fail and signs and symptoms become more obvious

Cardiac output falls dramatically leading to BP drop and loss of cardiac function

Blood is shunted to the heart, brain and kidneys (most essential organs to live)

Question 11

Phases of Shock : Irriversible

Answer 11

Blood loss of 40%

Rapid deterioration of the cardiovascular system, life-threatening reduction in CO, BP and tissue perfusion, blood is shunted away from the liver, kidneys and lungs to keep the heart and brain perfused

Cells being to die, vital organ damage cannot be repaired