Sheep & goat Ortho Flashcards
What are the common problems that cause lameness in sheep & goats?
Wet environment
increased nutritional intake causes hooves to grow faster
management and genetic factors
How often should goats and sheeps hooves be trimmed?
Every 2-3 months
Where is interdigital dermatitis NOT found?
NOT found in the hoof or claw
What characterizes interdigital dermatitis?
Inflammation and necrosis of the interdigital tissue
What can interdigital dermatitis lead to?
Contagious foot rot
What are the clinical signs of contagious foot rot?
Interdigital skin becomes reddened & slightly swollen, then undermining the sole and potentially the wall
Foul odor
What pathogens cause contagious foot rot?
dichelobacter nodosus & Fusobacterium necrophorum
What is the treatment for contagious foot rot?
systemic antibiotics
Foot baths/soaks/sprays
Separate infected animals
improve environmental conditions
How can contagious foot rot be prevented?
Keep feet trimmed
keep environment dry
vaccination (shorten disease course)
Culling
avoid contaminated facilities
trim new additions & quarantine for 30 days
What are the clinical signs of foot abscesses?
Occur just above the hoof
sometimes enters the joint of foot
severe lameness
Where do foot abscesses typically occur?
the white line of the hoof
How are foot abscesses treated?
open the lesion up
if deep infection anti-inflammatories & antibiotics
How are foot abscesses prevented?
keep feet in good condition & avoid moist living conditions
What are the 4 clinical syndromes associated with caprine arthritis encephalitis?
1) Arthritis
2)leukpencephalomyelitis
3) Mastitis
4) Old goat encephalitis
How is caprine arthritis encephalitis spread?
through infected macrophages in fluids that produce persistent lifelong infections
Not all infected animals will develop disease
How is caprine arthritis encephalitis diagnosed and what is the treatment?
Serological testing
No known treatment
How can caprine arthritis encephalitis be prevented?
Feed CAE free milk/colostrum
Remove kids from positive dams
milk non infected does first
use seronegative bucks
cull positive animals
What are the clinical signs of septic arthritis?
common in young animals due to failure of passive transfer
lameness
warm swelling of joints
febrile & anorexia
What are the most common sites for septic arthritis?
carpus
tarsus
stifle
How is septic arthritis diagnosed?
sterile aspirate of synovial fluid
radiographs
ultrasound
How is septic arthritis treated?
Systemic antibiotics
Lavage the joint
What are the clinical signs of mycoplasma polyarthritis?
3-8 week old kids
High fever
lameness
painful joints +/- swelling
Meningitis, conjunctivitis, pneumonia
Mastitis in adult doe
What are the causative agents of mycoplasma polyarthritis?
Mycoplasma mycoides
M. capricolum
M. agalactaie
M. putrefaciens
What are the treatments of mycoplasma polyarthritis?
Florfenicol
Tylosin
